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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of a nurse who is considered proficient?
What is the primary focus of a nurse who is considered proficient?
- Developing a comprehensive understanding of the nursing process
- Demonstrating expertise in a specific clinical area
- Focusing on observational experience in a clinical setting
- Developing a sense of intuitive grasp of clinical problems (correct)
What is the primary goal of the American Nurses Association (ANA) in establishing the 'Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice'?
What is the primary goal of the American Nurses Association (ANA) in establishing the 'Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice'?
- To define the scope of professional nursing practice (correct)
- To establish a code of ethics for nursing professionals
- To create a model for clinical decision making
- To outline the standards of professional performance
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a nurse who is considered competent?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a nurse who is considered competent?
- Having a comprehensive understanding of the nursing process
- Demonstrating critical thinking and clinical judgment
- Having 2-3 years of experience in the same clinical position
- Having diverse experience in different clinical areas (correct)
What is the term used to describe the model for clinical decision making in nursing practice?
What is the term used to describe the model for clinical decision making in nursing practice?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a nurse who is considered an advanced beginner?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a nurse who is considered an advanced beginner?
What is the primary focus of a nurse who is acting professionally?
What is the primary focus of a nurse who is acting professionally?
Which of the following is NOT a standard of practice outlined by the American Nurses Association (ANA)?
Which of the following is NOT a standard of practice outlined by the American Nurses Association (ANA)?
Which nurse is credited with establishing the first nursing philosophy (Nursing Theory) based on health maintenance and restoration?
Which nurse is credited with establishing the first nursing philosophy (Nursing Theory) based on health maintenance and restoration?
Which of the following is a characteristic of nursing practice in the 20th century?
Which of the following is a characteristic of nursing practice in the 20th century?
Who was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities in 1906?
Who was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities in 1906?
What is a major influence on nursing practice in the 21st century?
What is a major influence on nursing practice in the 21st century?
Which of the following is NOT a role of a nurse?
Which of the following is NOT a role of a nurse?
Which of the following is a characteristic of the nursing profession throughout history?
Which of the following is a characteristic of the nursing profession throughout history?
What is the name of the first Magnet-designated organization?
What is the name of the first Magnet-designated organization?
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Study Notes
Nursing as a Profession
- To act professionally, a nurse must use critical thinking skills, administer quality patient-centered care, and be responsible and accountable.
- A nurse should understand the scope of professional nursing practice and how it influences the lives of patients, their families, and their communities.
Science and Art of Nursing Practice
- Nursing requires current knowledge and practice standards, an insightful and compassionate approach, and critical thinking and clinical judgment.
Benner's Stages of Nursing Development
- Novice: A beginner nurse student with no nursing experience.
- Advanced Beginner: A nurse with some level of experience, possibly only observational.
- Competent: A nurse who has been in the same clinical position for 2-3 years.
- Proficient: A nurse with more than 2-3 years of experience.
- Expert: A nurse with diverse experience who has an intuitive grasp of an existing or potential clinical problem.
American Nurses Association (ANA)
- The ANA sets standards for professional nursing practice, including: • Standards of Professional Nursing Practice • Standards of Professional Performance • Code of Ethics
- The ANA's "Nursing Process" is a model for clinical decision making, consisting of: • Assessment • Diagnosis • Outcomes Identification • Planning • Implementation • Evaluation
Standards of Professional Performance
- Ethics
- Advocacy
- Respectful and equitable practice
- Communication
- Collaboration
- Leadership
- Education
- Scholarly Inquiry
- Quality of practice
- Professional practice evaluation
- Resource Stewardship
- Environmental Evaluation
Professional Responsibilities and Roles
- Autonomy and accountability
- Caregiver
- Advocate
- Educator
- Communicator
- Manager
Career Development
- Clinician
- Advanced Practice Registered Nurses: • Clinical nurse specialist • Nurse practitioner • Certified nurse-midwife • Certified registered nurse anesthetist
- Nurse Educator
- Nurse Administrator
- Nurse Researcher
Historical Influences
- Florence Nightingale: • Established the first nursing philosophy (Nursing Theory) based on health maintenance and restoration • Organized the first program for training nurses • Was the first practicing epidemiologist • Improved sanitation in battlefield hospitals
- The Civil War to the beginning of the 20th century: • Clara Barton • Dorthea Lynde Dix • Mary Ann Ball (Mother Bickerdyke) • Harriet Tubman • Mary Mahoney • Isabel Hampton Robb • Lillian Wald • Mary Brewster
20th and 21st Century Developments
- 20th century: • Movement toward scientific, research-based practice and defined body of knowledge • Nurses assumed expanded roles • 1906: Mary Adelaide Nutting moved nursing education into universities • 1920s: Nursing specialization began • 1990: ANA established Center for Ethics and Human Rights • 1994: University of Washington Medical Center became the first Magnet-designated organization
- 21st century: • Nurses are revising nursing practice and school curricula to meet the ever-changing needs of society • Aging population • Cultural diversity • Bioterrorism • Emerging infections • Disaster management
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