Nursing Profession and Patient-Centered Care
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements accurately reflects how the development of professional nursing roles is influenced by social, political, and economic changes?

  • Social, political, and economic changes primarily impact the funding of nursing programs, with little effect on actual nursing practices.
  • Professional nursing roles remain relatively constant regardless of social, political, and economic changes.
  • Social, political, and economic changes rarely influence the core principles of nursing practice, such as patient-centered care.
  • Social, political, and economic changes can lead to new nursing specializations, advancements in technology affecting patient care, and shifts in healthcare policy. (correct)
  • What is the primary reason why nursing is considered a profession rather than just a collection of specific skills?

  • Nursing involves a theoretical framework, a body of knowledge, and ethical guidelines that shape practice. (correct)
  • Nurses need a strong sense of empathy and compassion, traits not typically associated with skilled laborers.
  • Nurses require extensive training and certifications, which distinguishes them from individuals trained for specific tasks.
  • Nursing's role is to provide care for patients, which is a unique and vital service to society.
  • Which of the following demonstrates the concept of nursing as a profession incorporating a code of ethics?

  • A nurse prioritizing a specific task list to ensure the efficient administration of patient care.
  • A nurse working collaboratively with other healthcare professionals to ensure comprehensive patient care.
  • A nurse utilizing advanced technical skills to perform a complex medical procedure.
  • A nurse advocating for a patient's wishes even if they conflict with the doctor's orders. (correct)
  • Which of the following statements accurately describes the concept of patient-centered care in nursing?

    <p>Recognizing and respecting the unique needs, preferences, values, and beliefs of each patient in their care. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what is the key role of nursing theory in nursing practice?

    <p>To provide a framework for understanding nursing phenomena and guiding nurses' actions in patient care. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the statement "Nursing is not just a collection of specific skills" crucial for understanding the profession of nursing?

    <p>It emphasizes that nurses need to be proficient in critical thinking, problem-solving, and decision-making alongside technical skills. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of professional nursing organizations in influencing the profession and standards of care?

    <p>Professional nursing organizations play a significant role in shaping nursing education, research, policy, and practice standards, thus influencing the quality of patient care. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what are the two main requirements for a profession, such as nursing?

    <p>A profession requires a body of knowledge and a specific service to others. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately reflects the historical perspective on nursing highlighted in the provided text?

    <p>Nursing has continuously adapted to societal needs and evolving healthcare systems, integrating new knowledge and practices. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Florence Nightingale contribute to the development of modern nursing practices?

    <p>She revolutionized sanitation practices in hospitals, demonstrating the impact of hygiene and environmental factors on patient health. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of informatics in modern nursing practice, as described in the text?

    <p>To facilitate communication between healthcare providers, ensuring smooth coordination of patient care. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of modern nursing practice as described in the text?

    <p>Focusing solely on the physical needs of patients, neglecting their emotional and psychological well-being. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The text emphasizes the importance of minimizing risk of harm to patients and providers. Which of the following is NOT directly related to this primary objective?

    <p>Developing innovative strategies to improve hospital efficiency and reduce patient waiting times. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nursing pioneers directly contributed to the development of formal, research-based nursing practices?

    <p>Dorothea Dix (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The passage highlights the evolution of nursing from a primarily practical field to a profession with a distinct body of knowledge. Which of the following best exemplifies this shift?

    <p>The rise of specialty nursing organizations like AACN and ENA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nursing pioneers directly influenced the advancement of nursing education?

    <p>Lillian Wald (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The passage notes that nursing curriculum undergoes continuous adaptation. Which of the following is the PRIMARY driving force behind this ongoing change?

    <p>Changing societal needs and demographics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following concepts is NOT explicitly mentioned in the passage as a fundamental aspect of nursing?

    <p>Social justice (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key implication of the increasing emphasis on community-based care settings, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Nurses will need to adapt their skills and knowledge to effectively assess and manage patients within diverse settings and communities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinction between a 2-year associate's degree in nursing and a 4-year baccalaureate degree in nursing, according to the text?

    <p>The 4-year program provides a broader focus on social sciences, arts, and humanities, which are vital for understanding the complexities of human health and illness. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a contemporary influence on nursing practice, as discussed in the text?

    <p>The increasing influence of insurance companies on healthcare practices and patient outcomes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the role of a Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) in healthcare?

    <p>A CNS is an expert clinician who specializes in a particular area of practice, such as a specific population, setting, disease, type of care, or problem. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the provided text, what are the key areas where nurses need to adapt their skills and knowledge in response to contemporary trends in healthcare?

    <p>Nurses must be proficient in assessment, resource management, and patient adaptation as healthcare transitions to community-based settings. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a primary characteristic of nursing education for registered nurses, as described in the text?

    <p>The focus of the 2-year program is primarily on gaining practical nursing skills and experience through clinical rotations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The text suggests that continuing and in-service education is particularly important for registered nurses because:

    <p>It ensures that nurses maintain their competency and adapt to evolving healthcare needs, standards, and practices. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The text highlights the importance of nurses' self-care and resilience. Which of the following is NOT a potential benefit of nurses prioritizing their own well-being?

    <p>Increased ability to negotiate higher salaries and benefits for nurses, ensuring financial stability and security. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of a nurse in promoting patient health?

    <p>Nurses advocate for their patients' well-being and contribute to their overall health and recovery. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of State Boards of Nursing in relation to nursing practice?

    <p>To regulate the scope of nursing practice and ensure public safety. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the NCLEX-RN exam for aspiring nurses?

    <p>It's a standardized examination that must be passed to obtain a nursing license. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of Benner's stages of nursing proficiency describes a nurse who has developed a deep understanding of nursing principles and possesses a high level of intuition regarding potential clinical problems?

    <p>Expert (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the QSEN competency, "Patient-Centered Care"?

    <p>Providing care that is tailored to the patient's specific needs, values, and preferences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a core competency emphasized by QSEN?

    <p>Ethical Decision-Making (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the integration of best current evidence essential in nursing practice?

    <p>It helps to ensure that outdated or ineffective practices are replaced with more effective interventions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Quality Improvement (QI) initiatives in nursing?

    <p>To use data to identify areas for improvement in patient care processes and enhance safety (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two primary shifts in the role of nurses as described in the content?

    <p>From providing care and comfort to emphasizing health promotion and illness prevention and demonstrating autonomy and accountability. (A), From a primarily passive role to a more active and collaborative role in healthcare. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, what is the primary purpose of the ANA's 18 Standards of Professional Performance?

    <p>To provide a framework for nurses to demonstrate their competence and professionalism. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a standard of practice mentioned in the content?

    <p>Professional Development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the 18 Standards of Professional Performance?

    <p>Clinical Supervision (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, how do professional standards and ethics relate to nursing practice?

    <p>Standards define the legal boundaries of practice, while ethics provide moral guidance for decision-making. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the content, what is the significance of a nurse's self-reflection on their values and ethics?

    <p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The content implies that nurses are expected to achieve success in a variety of roles. Which of the following best describes the role of the nurse as presented in the content?

    <p>Leaders and change agents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the information provided, what is the primary difference between 'Standards of Practice' and the 'ANA 18 Standards of Professional Performance'?

    <p>Standards of Practice provide a framework for the <strong>nursing process</strong>, while the ANA Standards outline professional conduct and performance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Professional Nursing Role

    The role of nursing evolves to include care, comfort, health promotion, and illness prevention.

    Autonomy in Nursing

    Nurses must demonstrate the ability to make independent decisions and take responsibility for their actions.

    Standards of Practice

    Guidelines for implementing and evaluating nursing care, ensuring quality and safety.

    Six Standards of Practice

    Assessment, Diagnosis, Outcomes identification, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation - crucial for nursing effectiveness.

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    ANA Standards of Professional Performance

    Eighteen professional performance standards set by the American Nurses Association to guide practice.

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    Code of Ethics in Nursing

    A framework of principles that guide nurses in evaluating their values and ethics in practice.

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    Nursing Process

    A systematic method that includes assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.

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    Advocacy in Nursing

    Nurses act on behalf of patients to ensure their needs are met and support their rights.

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    Nursing Standards

    Guidelines that dictate the quality of nursing care and practice.

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    Patient-Centered Care

    Care tailored to the specific needs and preferences of patients.

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    Influence of Change

    How social, political, and economic trends impact nursing practices.

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    Evidence-Based Practice

    Using current best evidence to inform patient care decisions.

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    Nursing Education Programs

    Various educational pathways to become a registered nurse (RN).

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    Professional Organizations

    Groups that support nurses and influence standards of care.

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    Role of Nutrition

    Nutrition is essential for maintaining health and preventing illness.

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    Nursing Pioneers

    Individuals who made significant contributions to the field of nursing, especially during crises.

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    Military Nursing

    The specialized field of nursing that supports armed forces during conflict.

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    Nursing Code of Ethics

    A framework guiding nurses on ethical issues and professional conduct.

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    Shift in Nursing Curriculum

    Nursing programs adapt to meet changing societal health needs.

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    Nursing Responsibilities

    Nurses protect, promote, and optimize patients’ health.

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    Nurse Practice Acts

    Laws that regulate scope of nursing practice and protect public health.

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    NCLEX-RN

    Standardized examination all RN candidates must pass to be licensed.

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    Certification

    Process that sets minimal requirements for specific nursing specialties.

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    Benner’s Stages of Nursing Proficiency

    Framework describing 5 stages: Novice, Advanced Beginner, Competent, Proficient, Expert.

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    Teamwork and Collaboration

    Working effectively within nursing and interprofessional teams for quality care.

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    Minimizing Risk

    Strategies to reduce harm to patients and providers through effective systems and performance.

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    Informatics in Nursing

    Using information and technology to enhance communication, decision-making, and error reduction.

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    Nursing Evolution

    Nursing adapts to societal needs, influenced by cultural, social, and economic factors.

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    Florence Nightingale

    The pioneer of modern nursing who emphasized sanitation and fresh air in patient care.

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    Outpatient Care

    Medical care provided to patients who do not require overnight hospitalization.

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    End-of-Life Care

    Support and medical care for patients in the final phase of a terminal illness.

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    Health Care Reform

    Changes aimed at improving health care delivery and financing; emphasizes prevention and promotion.

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    Community-Based Care

    Health services delivered in community settings instead of hospitals.

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    Nursing Education - Associate's Degree

    2-year program teaching basic sciences and clinical nursing skills.

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    Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS)

    An APRN with expertise in a specific nursing area such as geriatrics or critical care.

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    Nurse Practitioner (NP)

    An advanced practice nurse providing primary and specialty care across settings.

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    Certified Nurse-Midwife (CNM)

    A nurse trained in midwifery; provides women's health services from adolescence to menopause.

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    Study Notes

    Nursing Today - NUR 300, Chapter 1

    • This chapter covers the basics of nursing as a profession.
    • Objectives outline key areas of focus. These include how nursing standards affect care, development of professional nursing roles, roles and career opportunities for nurses, and influences of social, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
    • Objectives also include discussing how advances in nursing science and evidence-based practice improve patient care, comparing and contrasting educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education, explaining how professional nursing organizations impact the profession and standards of care, explaining how theory is used in nursing practice, and reviewing selected theories from other disciplines.

    Nursing as a Profession

    • Patient-centered care is crucial, recognizing individual patient needs, knowledge, experiences, vulnerabilities, and expectations.
    • Professionalism in nursing goes beyond skill sets. It involves quality care, safety, prudence, knowledge, accountability to self, patients, and peers, and advocating for patients.

    Nursing as a Profession - Key Characteristics

    • Nursing requires extended education, including college and university courses.
    • It involves a body of knowledge that guides nurses in applying skills and abilities.
    • A specific service to others is provided.
    • Autonomy and independence are key elements.
    • It incorporates a code of ethics which defines right and wrong.
    • These elements are what distinguish nursing as a profession.

    Professional Responsibilities

    • Nurses are responsible for maintaining specific knowledge and skills.
    • Past responsibilities were focused on care and comfort.
    • Current responsibilities also emphasize health promotion and prevention of illness.
    • Nurses must demonstrate autonomy and accountability.

    Professional Roles

    • Autonomy & Accountability: Initiating independent nursing interventions without orders.
    • Caregiver: Helping patients regain health and independence.
    • Advocate: Protecting patients' human and legal rights.
    • Educator: Formal and informal teaching, involving patients, families, and support systems.
    • Communicator: A central role in the nurse-patient relationship.
    • Manager: Collaboration, evaluating staff to ensure professional and health care facility standards are met.

    Standards of Practice

    • Nursing standards provide guidelines for implementing and evaluating nursing care.
    • Six standards of practice include assessment, problem identification (diagnosis), outcomes identification, planning, implementation, and evaluation.

    ANA - 18 Standards of Professional Performance

    • This list delineates crucial aspects of nursing practice, including the nursing process, respectful and equitable practice, leadership, ethics, advocacy, communication, education, professional practice evaluation, environmental health, and resource stewardship.

    Code of Ethics

    • Philosophical ideals of right and wrong define principles for delivering care in nursing.
    • It is essential to incorporate personal values and ethics into practice.
    • Comparing and evaluating personal ethics, values, and practices with established standards is necessary.

    Nursing Practice

    • Nurses practice in various settings.
    • Nurses protect, promote, and optimize patients' health.
    • Illness prevention, and alleviating suffering through diagnosis and treatment of human responses are crucial.
    • Nurses advocate for the care of patients.

    Nursing Practice Acts - State Boards of Nursing

    • Each state board oversees the scope of nursing practice.
    • Acts regulate scope, protecting public safety.
    • Specify the training required for advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs, which includes training needed for many specialized roles).
    • Licensure is standardized, requiring RNs to pass the NCLEX-RN exam.
    • Certification sets minimal practice requirements that apply to each certification area.

    Nursing Practice - Benner's Stages of Nursing Proficiency

    • Novice, Advanced beginner, Competent, Proficient, and Expert describe varying levels of experience and skill in nursing.
    • Different skill levels require different and escalating knowledge.

    Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)

    • The framework outlines key aspects of quality and safety in nursing.
    • Components include patient-centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, safety, and informatics.

    Historical Highlights

    • Historical perspectives demonstrate the evolution of nursing practice.
    • Nurses respond to patient and society's needs, influenced by variables of a specific era.
    • Nurses participate actively in policy-making and adapt to system changes.
    • Standards-based clinical judgments are based on knowledge, expertise, and current standards of care.
    • Present-day approaches align with standards of practice and a code of ethics.

    Nursing Pioneers

    • Pioneers like Florence Nightingale, Clara Barton, Dorothea Dix, Lillian Wald, Mary Breckenridge, Mary Jane Seacole, and Harriet Tubman shaped nursing's evolution by developing new approaches, providing effective care, advocating for patient needs, and establishing important practices.

    The Twentieth Century

    • Moving towards scientific, research-based definitions of nursing knowledge and practice was significant.
    • The establishment of nursing education, military nursing, professional nursing associations, and specialty organizations.

    Twenty-First Century

    • Current nursing code of ethics reflects contemporary ethical issues.
    • Nursing curricula continuously evolve to meet changing societal needs.
    • Nursing takes place in a multitude of settings.
    • Advances in technology and informatics are incorporated.
    • End-of-life care is an important contemporary issue.

    Contemporary Influences

    • Importance of self-care and resilience within the profession.
    • Rising health care costs require effective methods for preventing errors and mitigating costs.
    • Demographic changes impact the needs of the population served in health care environments.
    • Medically underserved populations will likely need additional care.
    • Health care reform impacts how care is delivered and paid for.
    • More services will be in community and accessible settings.
    • Nurses are responsible for assessing gaps and adapting services.

    Nursing Education - Undergraduate

    • Education requirements vary but involve basic sciences, theoretical and clinical courses, social sciences, and humanities for well-researched practice.
    • Graduates of both associate's and bachelor's degree programs eligible to sit for the NCLEX exam to become RNs.
    • Continuing and in-service education also needed.

    Nursing Education - Master's Degree

    • Includes advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs).
    • Clinical-nurse specialists (CNS), Nurse practitioners (NP), Certified nurse-midwives (CNM) and certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNA) are advanced practice registered nurses.
    • Emphasis on advanced knowledge and specialized areas of concern.

    Nursing Education - Doctoral Degree

    • Doctoral degrees available, providing focused education in research or practice.
    • Examples include Ph.D in Nursing and Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP).
    • May be optional for APRNs at present; however, there is potential future requirement.

    Nursing Theory

    • Theory provides a foundation for the art and science of nursing.
    • Theory, research, and practice interconnect in a continuous cycle.
    • Nursing knowledge, and, thus, evidence-based practice, are supported by theory.
    • Theory helps design and implement nursing interventions.
    • Nursing knowledge differentiates from medicine, psychology, and other disciplines while describing the nature and aspects of nursing theory.

    Nursing Theory - Additional Focuses

    • Theories help explain events and relationships among concepts.
    • Theories provide for prediction of possible outcomes.
    • The shared theories in nursing include basic human needs, developmental, and psychosocial.
    • Theories in nursing are interconnected.

    Nursing Paradigm

    • Components of the nursing paradigm are person, health, environment, and nursing itself; each is important to consider in providing the most appropriate care.
    • The person is the individual patient.
    • Health is distinct from one patient to the next, from one setting to the next, and is best viewed as dynamic and continuously changing.
    • The environment includes all possible conditions impacting patient care.
    • Nursing includes the care of people of all ages, including sick, ill, dying, and disabled people.

    NCSBN Clinical Judgment Model (NCSBN-CJM)

    • Nurses need clinical judgment to be successful
    • NCSBN Clinical Judgment Model (CJM) is a model of clinical judgement and decision-making that is based on theories about clinical thinking. It is used by nurses to make sound and reasonable decisions.
    • The model is utilized for critical thinking, clinical judgment, and decision-making.
    • The model is based on other nursing theories related to critical thinking, clinical judgement, and decision-making.
    • The model is valuable in improving patient outcomes.

    Review Questions

    • Review Question 1 (Nursing Paradigm): The correct answer is option 1 (Person, health, environment, and theory).
    • Review Question 2 (Theory in Nursing): The correct answer is option 3. Theory does not provide a means of assessing vital signs; rather it contributes to knowledge, predicts behaviors, guides practice and explains relationships between concepts.

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    Description

    Explore the key concepts and ethical foundations of nursing as a profession through this quiz. Understand the impact of social, political, and economic factors on nursing roles and the importance of patient-centered care. Test your knowledge on nursing theory and the role of professional organizations.

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