Questions and Answers
What is the nursing process?
The nursing process is a systematic method nurses use to provide individualized care by collecting data, identifying issues or problems, setting goals, implementing interventions, and evaluating outcomes.
Which step is NOT part of the nursing process?
The five major steps of the nursing process are ADPIE, which stands for Assessment, Diagnosis, ______, Implementation, and Evaluation.
Planning
The nursing process is a linear method of providing care.
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Match the following types of assessments with their purpose:
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What are the two types of data in nursing assessments?
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Who originally oriented the term 'care, cure, core' in relation to the nursing process?
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Which of the following is considered objective data?
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Study Notes
Nursing Process Overview
- Nursing is a systematic approach for delivering care, guided by nursing models and philosophies.
- It's patient-centered and goal-oriented, utilizing a structured method for care delivery.
- The Nursing Process consists of five major steps: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADPIE).
History of Nursing Process
- In 1955, Hall introduced the concepts of care, cure, and core, defining three steps: Observation, Ministration, and Validation.
- In 1959, Johnson characterized nursing as enhancing client behavioral functioning.
- Orlando identified three key steps in 1961: Client's behavior, nurse's reaction, and nurse's action.
- Weidenbach (1963) described it as a series of phases within nursing.
- Wiche in 1967 emphasized the interactive process between client and nurse, outlining four steps: Perception, Communication, Interpretation, and Evaluation.
- Yura and Walsh (1967) suggested a four-component model known as APIE.
Purpose of Nursing Process
- Identifies clients' health statuses and potential problems, establishing care plans.
- Aids in decision-making and evaluating potential outcomes.
- Acts as a scientific approach for problem-solving within nursing practices.
- Establishes a comprehensive database regarding the client’s health concerns and responses.
Characteristics of Nursing Process
- Dynamic and Cyclical: Influenced by the patient's needs and the healthcare environment. Continues from admission to discharge.
- Client-Centered: Recognizes individual client needs and includes them in healthcare decisions.
- Goal-Directed: Focuses on achieving individualized goals through collaboration among patients and healthcare teams, emphasizing problem-solving and decision-making.
Assessment Phase
- A continuous and systematic process involving data collection, validation, organization, and documentation.
- Initial Nursing Assessment: Conducted shortly after admission to create a complete health database.
- Problem-Focused Assessment: Assesses the status of specific problems, such as vital signs in fever cases.
- Emergency Assessment: Rapidly evaluates life-threatening situations, focusing on airways, breathing, and circulation.
- Time-Elapsed Reassessment: Conducted months after the initial assessment to compare the client’s current health status with previous data.
Data Collection
- Involves gathering comprehensive information regarding a client's health status, including health history and lab test results.
Types of Data
- Subjective Data: Known only to the patient; includes personal sensations like pain or feelings of worry.
- Objective Data: Observable and measurable signs obtained through physical examinations, like blood pressure readings.
Sources of Data
- Primary Data: Direct information from the client.
- Secondary Data: Information obtained from other sources, enhancing understanding of the client's condition.
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Description
Explore the fundamental aspects of the nursing process, emphasizing its patient-centered approach and the five major steps known as ADPIE. Discover the historical development of this crucial methodology in nursing practice and its application in delivering effective patient care.
