146 Questions
What is the primary focus of planning in nursing care?
Identifying goals and outcome criteria
Which of the following is NOT one of the 'Rights' of Medication administration?
Right treatment facility
What is the primary role of pharmacokinetics in the study of drugs?
Investigating drug movement within the body
Which organ is primarily responsible for the metabolism of drugs?
Liver
What is pharmacotherapeutics concerned with?
Using drugs for disease prevention and treatment
What does pharmacognosy primarily study?
The sources of natural drugs from plants and animals
Which study focuses on how drugs interact with a person's DNA?
Pharmacogenomics
What is the First Pass Effect primarily related to?
Drug metabolism in the liver
'Drug-receptor relationships' primarily involve what interaction?
Binding of drug molecules to cellular sites
In nursing care, what does evaluation primarily involve?
Determining the status of care goals and outcomes
What is the term for the physiologic state in which the amount of drug removed via elimination is equal to the amount of drug absorbed with each dose?
Steady state
Which term is used to describe the lowest blood level of a drug?
Trough Level
What is the time required for half of a given drug to be removed from the body known as?
Half Live
Which type of therapy focuses on providing relief from pain and stress in serious illnesses?
Palliative therapy
In pharmacokinetics, what does the term 'toxicity' refer to?
Harmful effects due to high drug levels
What type of therapy is used to prevent illness or undesirable outcomes during planned events?
Prophylactic therapy
'Cumulative effects' of medication occur when:
Multiple successive doses are administered
'Dependence' on a drug can be either:
Physiological or psychological
What does 'Therapeutic index' of a drug represent?
Ratio between toxic and therapeutic concentrations of a drug
What is the main goal of the Nursing Process?
To improve health outcomes
When does interprofessional education occur?
When students from two or more professions learn together
Which step of the Nursing Process involves data collection and analysis?
Assessment
What is a Nursing Diagnosis?
A problem statement related to a patient's condition
What is the purpose of Interpersonal Education Collaboration?
To develop core competencies for interprofessional collaborative practice
Why is critical thinking essential in the Nursing Process?
To ensure thorough and quality nursing care
What components are considered during the Diagnosis step of the Nursing Process?
Problem statement as evidenced by related factors
What is the primary purpose of conducting a head-to-toe assessment during the Nursing Process?
To know all aspects of the patient's health status
Why is it important for nurses to be aware of all medications a patient is taking?
To ensure patient safety and prevent adverse reactions
What does the development of core competencies aim to achieve in interprofessional collaborative practice?
Enhanced teamwork and patient care outcomes
Interprofessional education occurs when students from three or more professions learn from and with each other.
False
The Nursing Process is a research-supported organizational framework for professional nursing practice.
True
In pharmacokinetics, the term 'toxicity' refers to the desired therapeutic effects of a drug.
False
The goal of Interpersonal Education Collaboration is to worsen health outcomes.
False
The Five Steps of the Nursing Process include Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation.
False
Pharmacotherapeutics is concerned with the study of how drugs interact within the body to produce their effects.
True
Evaluation in nursing care primarily involves diagnosing the patient's health condition.
False
Head to toe assessment in nursing care involves checking only the patient's vital signs.
False
The primary role of pharmacokinetics in the study of drugs is to focus on how drugs are manufactured and packaged.
False
The objective of Interprofessional Education Collaboration is to develop core competencies for uniprofessional collaborative practice.
False
The time required for half of a given drug to be removed from the body is known as Half Live
False
After approximately five half-lives, most drugs are considered to be effectively removed from the body
True
Cumulative effects occur when absorption of a medication occurs faster than excretion or metabolism
False
Psychological dependence is the physiologic need for a drug to avoid physical withdrawal symptoms
False
Tolerance refers to the decreasing response to repeated drug use
True
Drug Effects Peak Level is the lowest blood level of a drug
False
Maintenance therapy is used for the treatment of acute illnesses such as shock
False
Synergistic effects in drug interactions mean that 1+1=2
False
Palliative therapy focuses on providing relief from the symptoms of pain and stress in serious illnesses
True
'Therapeutic index' represents the length of time the concentration of a drug in the blood or tissues is sufficient to elicit a response
False
Pharmacogenomics is the study of drugs altering a person's DNA.
True
Pharmacognosy primarily studies the adverse effects of drugs.
False
Implementation in nursing care involves initiating and completing specific nursing actions defined by goals and outcome criteria.
True
The First Pass Effect refers to a small proportion of a drug being metabolized by the liver before reaching systemic circulation.
False
Pharmaceutics focuses on how different drug forms affect the body's response to medication.
True
Toxicology is primarily concerned with studying the therapeutic effects of drugs on living organisms.
False
Drug classifications are based solely on the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs.
False
Pharmacodynamics focuses on what drugs do to the body.
True
Clinical toxicology provides specialized care for patients with infectious diseases.
False
Evaluation in nursing care involves determining the status of goals and outcomes, as well as monitoring patient responses to therapy.
True
The study of how various drug forms influence the way in which the drug affects the body is known as ____________.
pharmaceutics
__________ is the elimination of drugs from the body.
excretion
__________ is the science of the adverse effects of drugs and other chemicals on living organisms.
toxicology
The clinical use of drugs to prevent and treat diseases is known as ____________.
pharmacotherapeutics
The study of drugs changing a person's DNA is called ____________.
pharmacogenomics
The source of all early drugs was nature and the study of these natural drug sources is known as ____________.
pharmacognosy
The primary organ responsible for the metabolism of drugs is the ____________.
liver
The transport of a drug by the bloodstream to its site of action is known as ____________.
distribution
_______ is the highest blood level of a drug
Peak Level
_______ state is the physiologic state where drug removal equals drug absorption
Steady
_______ therapy provides relief from symptoms in serious illnesses
Palliative
_______ therapy supplies the body with substances needed for normal function
Supplemental
_______ effects occur when several doses of a medication are administered
Cumulative
_______ refers to the need for a drug to avoid physical withdrawal symptoms
Physical dependence
_______ involves evaluating the clinical response to drugs
Monitoring
_______ therapy is used to prevent illness during planned events
Prophylactic
_______ effects in drug interactions mean
Synergistic
The Nursing Process is a research-supported organizational framework for professional nursing practice. Ensures the delivery of thorough, individualized, and quality nursing care to patients. Requires ______ thinking, it's an ongoing and constantly evolving process.
critical
Interprofessional Education Collaboration formed in 2009. Objective: develop core competencies for ______ collaborative practice.
interprofessional
Interprofessional education occurs when students from two or more professions learn from and with each other. Goal: improve health ______.
outcomes
Five Steps of the Nursing Process: Assessment- Data collection, review, and analysis. Medication profile. All drug use. Prescriptions. Allergies. Over the counter medications. Vitamins, herbs, and supplements. Compliance and adherence. Head to toe ______.
assessment
Diagnosis- A problem statement, as evidenced by and related to. Those components go into diagnosing a ______.
patient
In nursing care, what does evaluation primarily ______?
involve
Pharmacotherapeutics is concerned with the study of how drugs interact within the body to produce their ______.
effects
Pharmacodynamics focuses on what drugs do to the ______.
body
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Pharmacokinetics = The study of what happens to a drug from the time it is put into the body until it has left the body Pharmacodynamics = The study of what the drug does to the body Pharmacognosy = The study of early natural drug sources from plants and animals Toxicology = The science of adverse effects of drugs on living organisms
Match the following drug effects with their descriptions:
First Pass Effect = Large proportion of a drug changed into inactive metabolites by the liver Drug-receptor relationships = Interaction of drug molecule with a reactive site on cell or tissue surface Drug Classification = Grouping drugs based on similar properties like structure and therapeutic use Cumulative effects = Occurs when absorption of a medication is faster than excretion or metabolism
Match the following medication administration 'Rights' with their descriptions:
Right documentation = Ensuring correct recording of medication administration Right response = Monitoring patient's reaction to medication Right dose = Administering the correct amount of medication Right reason or indication = Providing medication for the appropriate purpose
Match the following drug elimination steps with their descriptions:
Absorption = Movement of a drug from site of administration into bloodstream for distribution Distribution = Transport of a drug by bloodstream to its site of action Metabolism = Process where drugs are chemically altered in the body, primarily by the liver Excretion = Elimination of drugs from the body, primarily done by the kidneys
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Nursing Diagnosis = A diagnosis that a nurse would make to ensure best patient care and outcome Pharmacotherapeutics = Concerned with the study of how drugs interact within the body to produce their effects Interprofessional Education Collaboration = Formed in 2009 with the objective of developing core competencies for interprofessional collaborative practice First Pass Effect = Refers to a small proportion of a drug being metabolized by the liver before reaching systemic circulation
Match the following steps of the Nursing Process with their descriptions:
Assessment = Data collection, review, and analysis including medication profile, prescriptions, allergies, etc. Diagnosis = A problem statement evidenced by and related to the assessment findings Implementation = Involves initiating and completing specific nursing actions defined by goals and outcome criteria Evaluation = Involves evaluating the clinical response to drugs and overall patient progress
Match the following terms with their primary focus:
Pharmacokinetics = Focus on drug movement within the body including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion Toxicology = Primarily concerned with studying the adverse effects of drugs on living organisms Pharmacognosy = Studies natural drug sources and their properties Clinical toxicology = Provides specialized care for patients with poisoning or overdose situations
Match the following terms with their correct definitions:
Cumulative effects = Occur when several doses of a medication are administered and build up over time Therapeutic index = Represents the safety margin of a drug, indicating the range between effectiveness and toxicity Drug Effects Peak Level = Refers to the highest blood level concentration of a drug after administration Tolerance = Refers to the decreasing response to repeated drug use, requiring higher doses for the same effect
Match the drug effect with its description:
Peak Level = Highest blood level of a drug Trough Level = Lowest blood level of a drug Toxicity = Occurs if the peak blood level of the drug is too high Cumulative effects = Occurs when several successive doses of a medication are administered
Match the therapy type with its description:
Acute therapy = Involves intensive therapy for acutely or critically ill patients Maintenance therapy = Used for the treatment of chronic illnesses Supplemental therapy = Supplies the body with substances needed to maintain normal function Palliative therapy = Focuses on making the patient as comfortable as possible
Match the patient's condition with its definition:
Tolerance = Decreasing response to repeated drug use Dependence = Physiological or psychological need for a drug Physical dependence = Physiological need to avoid withdrawal symptoms Psychological dependence = Obsessive desire for the euphoric effects of a drug
Match the pharmacokinetics term with its explanation:
Half-Life = Time required for half of a given drug to be removed from the body Steady state = Physiological state where elimination equals absorption Therapeutic index = Ratio between toxic and therapeutic concentrations of a drug Drug concentration = Length of time drug concentration in blood/tissues is sufficient for response
Match the therapy goal with its description:
Prophylactic/ Empirical therapy = Prevent illness during planned events Supportive therapy = Maintains body functions during recovery from illness or trauma Palliative therapy = Improves quality of life in end stages of illness Maintenance therapy = Used for chronic illnesses such as hypertension
Match the monitoring term with its definition:
Adverse effects = Undesirable effects in response to one or more drugs Cumulative effects = Occurs with several successive doses or faster absorption than excretion/metabolism Therapeutic action = Desired action such as reduced blood pressure after antihypertensive drugs Drug concentration = Time length of sufficient drug concentration for response in blood/tissues
Match the pharmacotherapeutics concept with its explanation:
Drug classes organization = Categorization of drugs based on similar pharmacological properties and therapeutic uses Principles of drug actions = Cellular processes changes in response to drug presence Interprofessional Education Collaboration = Develop core competencies for collaborative practice among health professionals Pharmacokinetics = Study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
Match the nursing care component with its function:
Implementation = Initiating and completing specific nursing actions defined by goals and outcome criteria. Evaluation = Familiarity with both intended therapeutic action and unintended effects to evaluate clinical response. Assessment = Collecting patient data for diagnosis step. Diagnosis = Problem statement evidenced by and related to, goes into diagnosing a patient.
What is the primary purpose of the Nursing Process?
Ensures the delivery of thorough, individualized, and quality nursing care to patients.
Define the term 'Diagnosis' in the context of the Nursing Process.
A problem statement, as evidenced by and related to.
What is the goal of Interprofessional Education Collaboration?
To improve health outcomes.
What are the Five Steps of the Nursing Process?
Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation.
What is the function of Implementation in nursing care?
To initiate and complete specific nursing actions defined by goals and outcome criteria.
What does the term 'Half Live' refer to in pharmacology?
The time required for half of a given drug to be removed from the body.
Define 'Toxicology' in the context of pharmacology.
The science of the adverse effects of drugs and other chemicals on living organisms.
What is the main focus of pharmacognosy?
Studying the source and adverse effects of drugs.
What is the purpose of outcome criteria in nursing care?
To provide concrete descriptions of patient goals and expectations for behavior.
What are the 'Rights' of Medication?
Right drug, right dose, right time, right route, right patient, right documentation, right reason or indication, right response, right to refuse.
What does pharmacodynamics focus on?
What the drug does to the body.
Define pharmacogenomics.
The study of drugs changing a person's DNA.
What is the primary focus of planning in nursing care?
Identification of goals and outcome criteria.
What is the purpose of clinical toxicology?
To provide specialized care for poisoned patients.
What is the main responsibility of the kidney in drug metabolism?
Excretion, the elimination of drugs from the body.
What is the significance of the 'First Pass Effect' in drug administration?
It refers to the large proportion of a drug that is metabolized by the liver before reaching systemic circulation.
What is the term for the highest blood level of a drug?
Peak Level
Define 'Palliative therapy'.
Palliative therapy focuses on providing relief from the symptoms of pain and stress of a serious illness to improve quality of life.
What is the name of the state in which drug elimination equals drug absorption with each dose?
Steady state
Explain 'Additive effects' in drug interactions.
Additive effects refer to the combined effect of two drugs being equal to the sum of their individual effects.
What is the term for the time required for half of a drug to be eliminated from the body?
Half Life
Describe 'Supportive therapy'.
Supportive therapy helps maintain body functions while the patient is recovering from an illness or trauma.
What is the primary focus of 'Pharmacotherapeutics'?
Pharmacotherapeutics involves the clinical use of drugs to prevent and treat diseases.
Explain 'Synergistic effects' in drug interactions.
Synergistic effects occur when the combined effect of two drugs is greater than the sum of their individual effects.
Define 'Toxicity' in relation to drug effects.
Toxicity occurs when the peak blood level of a drug is too high, leading to adverse effects.
Which aspect of patient care involves identifying goals and establishing outcome criteria with a set time frame for achievement?
Planning
What is the primary responsibility of the kidney in drug metabolism?
Excretion
Which study focuses on how drugs interact with specific reactive sites on cells or tissues?
Pharmacodynamics
What is the mechanism of action through which drugs produce their therapeutic effects?
Receptors interaction
Which process involves the movement of a drug from its administration site into the bloodstream for distribution?
Absorption
What is the term for an event that may lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm?
Medication Error
Which aspect of drug therapy focuses on ensuring safe and effective administration of medications?
Pharmacotherapeutics
What area does drug distribution first target due to its extensive blood supply?
Liver
What does the Nursing Diagnosis aim to achieve in patient care?
Ensure best patient care and outcome
In the context of interprofessional education collaboration, what is the main goal of students learning from and with each other?
Enhancing core competencies for collaborative practice
What is the primary focus of the Assessment step in the Nursing Process?
Collect and analyze patient data
What type of interactions do 'Synergistic effects' describe in pharmacology?
Additive effects
Why is critical thinking considered essential in the Nursing Process?
To ensure individualized, quality care
Which profession is involved in Clinical Toxicology primarily?
Pharmacology
'Supportive therapy' in nursing mainly focuses on:
Symptom relief and comfort
'Pharmacodynamics' primarily focuses on what aspect of drugs?
Effects on the body
What does the term 'steady state' refer to in pharmacology?
A state where the amount of drug removed equals the amount absorbed with each dose
What is the primary purpose of 'palliative therapy'?
To make the patient as comfortable as possible by focusing on symptom relief
What is the term for the ratio between the toxic and therapeutic concentrations of a drug?
Therapeutic index
What does 'cumulative effects' mean in medication administration?
An effect that occurs when several successive doses of a medication are administered
What is the main focus of 'supportive therapy' in patient care?
To maintain body functions during patient recovery from illness or trauma
Study Notes
Pharmacology and Nursing Process
Pharmacokinetics
- Half-life: time required for half of a given drug to be removed from the body
- Measures the rate at which the drug is eliminated from the body
- After approximately five half-lives, most drugs are considered to be effectively removed from the body
- Steady state: physiologic state in which the amount of drug removed via elimination is equal to amount of drug absorbed with each dose
Pharmacotherapeutics
- Acute therapy: intensive therapy drug treatment for acutely ill or critically ill patients
- Maintenance therapy: treatment for chronic illnesses such as hypertension
- Supplemental therapy: supplies the body with a substance needed to maintain normal function
- Palliative therapy: focuses on providing patients with relief from symptoms of pain and stress of a serious illness
- Supportive therapy: maintains the integrity of body functions while the patient is recovering from illness or trauma
- Prophylactic/Empirical therapy: drug therapy provided to prevent illness or other undesirable outcome during planned events
Nursing Process
- Five steps:
- Assessment: data collection, review, and analysis
- Diagnosis: problem statement, as evidenced by and related to
- Planning: identification of goals and outcome criteria
- Implementation: initiation and completion of specific nursing actions
- Evaluation: ongoing part of the nursing process, determining the status of the goals and outcomes of care
Medication Administration
- The "Rights" of Medication:
- Right drug
- Right dose
- Right time
- Right route
- Right patient
- Right documentation
- Right reason or indication
- Right response
- Right to refuse
Medication Errors
- Any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm
- Patient-related events
- System-related events
Pharmacologic Principles
- Pharmaceutics: study of how various drug forms influence the way in which the drug affects the body
- Pharmacokinetics: study of what happens to a drug from the time it is put into the body until the parent drug and all metabolites have left the body
- Pharmacodynamics: study of what the drug does to the body
- Pharmacogenomics: study of drugs changing a person's DNA
Interprofessional Collaboration
- Interprofessional Education Collaboration: formed in 2009, objective is to develop core competencies for interprofessional collaborative practice
- Goal: improve health outcomes
Toxicology
- Study of the adverse effects of drugs and other chemicals on living organisms
- Clinical toxicology: care specifically to the poisoned patient
- Poison control centers: treatment based on system of priorities, ABCs, prevent absorption of the toxic substance and/or speed its elimination from the body### Pharmacology and Nursing Process
Pharmacokinetics
- Half-life: time required for half of a given drug to be removed from the body
- Measures the rate at which the drug is eliminated from the body
- After approximately five half-lives, most drugs are considered to be effectively removed from the body
- Steady state: physiologic state in which the amount of drug removed via elimination is equal to amount of drug absorbed with each dose
Pharmacotherapeutics
- Acute therapy: intensive therapy drug treatment for acutely ill or critically ill patients
- Maintenance therapy: treatment for chronic illnesses such as hypertension
- Supplemental therapy: supplies the body with a substance needed to maintain normal function
- Palliative therapy: focuses on providing patients with relief from symptoms of pain and stress of a serious illness
- Supportive therapy: maintains the integrity of body functions while the patient is recovering from illness or trauma
- Prophylactic/Empirical therapy: drug therapy provided to prevent illness or other undesirable outcome during planned events
Nursing Process
- Five steps:
- Assessment: data collection, review, and analysis
- Diagnosis: problem statement, as evidenced by and related to
- Planning: identification of goals and outcome criteria
- Implementation: initiation and completion of specific nursing actions
- Evaluation: ongoing part of the nursing process, determining the status of the goals and outcomes of care
Medication Administration
- The "Rights" of Medication:
- Right drug
- Right dose
- Right time
- Right route
- Right patient
- Right documentation
- Right reason or indication
- Right response
- Right to refuse
Medication Errors
- Any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm
- Patient-related events
- System-related events
Pharmacologic Principles
- Pharmaceutics: study of how various drug forms influence the way in which the drug affects the body
- Pharmacokinetics: study of what happens to a drug from the time it is put into the body until the parent drug and all metabolites have left the body
- Pharmacodynamics: study of what the drug does to the body
- Pharmacogenomics: study of drugs changing a person's DNA
Interprofessional Collaboration
- Interprofessional Education Collaboration: formed in 2009, objective is to develop core competencies for interprofessional collaborative practice
- Goal: improve health outcomes
Toxicology
- Study of the adverse effects of drugs and other chemicals on living organisms
- Clinical toxicology: care specifically to the poisoned patient
- Poison control centers: treatment based on system of priorities, ABCs, prevent absorption of the toxic substance and/or speed its elimination from the body### Pharmacology and Nursing Process
Pharmacokinetics
- Half-life: time required for half of a given drug to be removed from the body
- Measures the rate at which the drug is eliminated from the body
- After approximately five half-lives, most drugs are considered to be effectively removed from the body
- Steady state: physiologic state in which the amount of drug removed via elimination is equal to amount of drug absorbed with each dose
Pharmacotherapeutics
- Acute therapy: intensive therapy drug treatment for acutely ill or critically ill patients
- Maintenance therapy: treatment for chronic illnesses such as hypertension
- Supplemental therapy: supplies the body with a substance needed to maintain normal function
- Palliative therapy: focuses on providing patients with relief from symptoms of pain and stress of a serious illness
- Supportive therapy: maintains the integrity of body functions while the patient is recovering from illness or trauma
- Prophylactic/Empirical therapy: drug therapy provided to prevent illness or other undesirable outcome during planned events
Nursing Process
- Five steps:
- Assessment: data collection, review, and analysis
- Diagnosis: problem statement, as evidenced by and related to
- Planning: identification of goals and outcome criteria
- Implementation: initiation and completion of specific nursing actions
- Evaluation: ongoing part of the nursing process, determining the status of the goals and outcomes of care
Medication Administration
- The "Rights" of Medication:
- Right drug
- Right dose
- Right time
- Right route
- Right patient
- Right documentation
- Right reason or indication
- Right response
- Right to refuse
Medication Errors
- Any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm
- Patient-related events
- System-related events
Pharmacologic Principles
- Pharmaceutics: study of how various drug forms influence the way in which the drug affects the body
- Pharmacokinetics: study of what happens to a drug from the time it is put into the body until the parent drug and all metabolites have left the body
- Pharmacodynamics: study of what the drug does to the body
- Pharmacogenomics: study of drugs changing a person's DNA
Interprofessional Collaboration
- Interprofessional Education Collaboration: formed in 2009, objective is to develop core competencies for interprofessional collaborative practice
- Goal: improve health outcomes
Toxicology
- Study of the adverse effects of drugs and other chemicals on living organisms
- Clinical toxicology: care specifically to the poisoned patient
- Poison control centers: treatment based on system of priorities, ABCs, prevent absorption of the toxic substance and/or speed its elimination from the body
Test your knowledge on the nursing process and the importance of interpersonal education collaboration for providing quality patient care. Understand nursing diagnosis and the research-supported organizational framework in nursing practice. No formulas are required for this quiz.
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