Nursing Module 1: Palliative Care and Disease Prevention

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of palliative care?

Specialized medical care focused on providing relief from symptoms and stress of a serious illness, aiming to improve quality of life for both the patient and the family.

What are the three levels of disease prevention?

Tertiary (correct)

Primary (correct)

Secondary (correct)

Quaternary

What is the responsibility of the state board of nursing?

Evaluate license applications, issue licenses, renew licenses, and take disciplinary action for professional misconduct.

What is the purpose of the Nurse Practice Act?

To regulate and protect the public from practitioners who pose a risk to health, safety, and welfare. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the American Nurses’ Association?

To advance the nursing profession by fostering high standards of practice and promoting a safe work environment. Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsibility of The Joint Commission?

To improve healthcare by evaluating and accrediting healthcare organizations and programs. Signup and view all the answers

What are social determinants of health?

Conditions in environments affecting health outcomes, such as education, safety, and transportation. Signup and view all the answers

Match the levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs with their descriptions:

Physiological = Most basic needs like food, water, and shelter Safety = Job security and safety from physical danger Love and belonging = Connections, friendships, and trust Self-esteem = Confidence, respect, and status Self-actualization = Personal growth and reaching one's potential Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the assessment step of the nursing process?

Collecting and organizing relevant data including subjective and objective information. Signup and view all the answers

Give examples of subjective findings.

Stress, abdomen hurting, pain, difficulty sleeping, frequent headaches. Signup and view all the answers

Give examples of objective findings.

BP 132/89, patient diaphoretic, rash, cough, temp 101.1. Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse remember when receiving a prescription by telephone?

Repeat the prescription back, question unclear parts, document in the MAR, obtain provider's signature ASAP. Signup and view all the answers

What is HIPAA?

Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act designed to protect patient privacy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper channel to access your own medical records?

Requesting them directly from the provider's office or medical records department. Signup and view all the answers

What is an incident report?

A record of an unexpected event involving a patient, which should not be documented in the patient's chart. Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of an SBAR report?

Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best environment for teaching?

A well-lit room, free of distractions and noise. Signup and view all the answers

How often do restraints need to be documented?

Every 2 hours. Signup and view all the answers

How often does an order need to be placed for the use of restraints?

Every 24 hours. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct action when speaking with a member of a culture who considers it rude to make eye contact?

Continue speaking despite the lack of eye contact. Signup and view all the answers

How does the nurse ensure accurate communication with a client who does not use English as their primary language?

Utilize the healthcare facility's interpreter. Signup and view all the answers

Define the following terms:

Acculturation = Assimilation to a different culture Ethnocentrism = Evaluation of other cultures based on one’s own preconceptions Ethnicity = Belonging to a population sharing common cultural background Culture = Customs and achievements of a social group Spirituality = Recognition of a greater cosmic or divine whole Signup and view all the answers

What culture opposes blood products?

Jehovah's Witness. Signup and view all the answers

What is informed consent?

A legal and ethical obligation ensuring a patient understands their condition and treatment options. Signup and view all the answers

What are the nurse’s responsibilities regarding informed consent?

Witness the patient's signature and ensure understanding of risks associated with treatment. Signup and view all the answers

Define the following legal terms:

Assault = Threat to touch a person without consent Veracity = Conformity to the truth Beneficence = The act of doing good Autonomy = Respect for client decision-making Confidentiality = Keeping secrets Malpractice = Negligent professional activity Battery = Unlawful physical force Abuse = Improper usage or treatment Negligence = Failure to take proper care False imprisonment = Detention without consent Libel = Publishing false statements Slander = Saying untrue negative statements Justice = Equitable treatment of individuals Signup and view all the answers

What is a sentinel event?

An event that results in death, permanent harm, or severe temporary harm to a patient. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Palliative Care Purpose

Specialized medical care for serious illnesses
Focuses on symptom relief and reducing stress for patients and families
Aims to enhance the quality of life

Levels of Disease Prevention

Primary Prevention: Prevents illnesses from developing; examples include vaccinations and counseling.
Secondary Prevention: Early detection and treatment of diseases; examples include mammograms and colonoscopies.
Tertiary Prevention: Management of chronic diseases to prevent complications; examples include managing blood sugars in diabetes and physical therapy for injuries.

State Board of Nursing Responsibilities

Evaluates, issues, and renews nursing licenses
Takes disciplinary action for professional misconduct

Nurse Practice Act Purpose

Regulates the nursing profession to protect public health and safety
Assesses nurses' competence during initial licensure and throughout their career

American Nurses' Association Role

Advances the nursing profession by promoting high standards of practice
Advocates for safe and ethical work environments
Supports the health and wellness of nurses

The Joint Commission Responsibilities

Independent organization that accredits and certifies over 22,000 healthcare organizations
Focuses on improving healthcare quality and safety for the public

Encompasses conditions in environments affecting health and quality of life
Influences include physiological stressors, safety, transportation, and health literacy

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Physiological: Basic needs such as food, water, and shelter.
Safety: Financial security, health, and protection from danger.
Love and Belonging: Emotional connections, love, and trust.
Self-esteem: Recognition, achievement, and respect.
Self-actualization: Reaching one's full potential and personal growth.

Nursing Process Steps

Assessment: Data collection, both subjective and objective, from head to toe.
Diagnosis: Identifying the causative factors impacting the patient.
Planning: Establishing measurable goals in collaboration with the patient.
Implementation: Executing the planned actions to achieve goals.
Evaluation: Reassessing goal achievement through methods like teach-back.

Subjective vs. Objective Findings

Subjective: Reports of stress, pain, difficulty sleeping.
Objective: Measurable data like blood pressure readings, temperature, and visible symptoms.

Documentation Guidelines

Ensure confidentiality and accuracy following legal and ethical standards.
Correct documentation errors by striking through and noting the correction.
Utilize healthcare facility systems safely under HIPAA regulations.

Incident Reports

Used to document unexpected events impacting patients or staff.
Should not be included directly in patient charts.

SBAR Report Components

Situation: Clear and brief description of the situation.
Background: Relevant patient information.
Assessment: Professional conclusion based on the situation.
Recommendation: Clear requests or next steps for care.

Effective Teaching Strategies

Use a well-lit, distraction-free environment, avoiding medical jargon.
Incorporate different learning styles and use interpreters when necessary.

Barriers to Effective Communication

Include giving unsolicited advice, psychological barriers, and environmental distractions.
Address and mitigate barriers such as pain, language differences, and lack of privacy.

Fire Response Priorities

Follow the RACE protocol: Rescue, Alert, Contain, Evacuate.

Fall Risk Identifiers

Recognize hospital hazards like dim lighting and slippery surfaces.
Address home environment risks such as loose rugs and clutter.

Restraint Usage Guidelines

Secure restraints properly, remove every two hours, and monitor patient condition.
Document restraint usage every two hours and renew orders daily.

Cultural Sensitivity

Adjust communication style according to cultural norms, such as avoiding direct eye contact when appropriate.

Definitions in Nursing Ethics

Informed Consent: Essential for patient understanding of treatment risks.
Assault, Battery, Abuse: Legal violations relating to individual rights and safety.
Negligence and Malpractice: Failures in care standards that impact patient welfare.

Health Disparities

Vulnerable populations face barriers to preventive care and often experience food insecurity and limited access to healthcare.

Sentinel Events

Serious incidents leading to death or major harm, highlighting areas for improvement in patient safety.

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Description

Learn about the purpose of palliative care and its focus on improving quality of life for patients and families. Explore the three levels of disease prevention in this nursing module.