30 Questions
What is the characteristic feature of anorexia nervosa?
Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat
Which behavior is characteristic of bulimia nervosa?
Recurrent episodes of binge eating
What percentage of clients with anorexia achieve full recovery?
30% to 50%
What is a major life-threatening complication indicating the need for hospital admission in clients with anorexia?
Severe fluid, electrolyte, and metabolic imbalances
What is the awareness level of pathological eating behavior in clients with bulimia?
They are aware that their eating behavior is pathologic
What is the likelihood of clients with anorexia to die from medical complications or suicide compared to the general population?
Six times more likely
What is the characteristic feature of clients with bulimia regarding hiding their eating behavior?
They go to great lengths to hide it from others
Which condition indicates the need for hospital admission in clients with anorexia?
Risk for suicide
What percentage of clients with anorexia remain chronically ill?
10% to 20%
What is a characteristic feature of anorexia nervosa regarding body weight and duration of illness?
Clients with the lowest body weights and longest durations of illness tend to relapse most often and have the poorest outcomes
What are some of the treatment options for OCD mentioned in the text?
Medications, SSRIs, and behavioral therapy
What is a rare occurrence related to the onset of OCD?
Onset after age 50
Which type of medications are used for symptomatic management due to the anxiety component of OCD?
Benzodiazepines
How do antidepressant medications primarily work in the treatment of OCD?
By altering the concentration of neurotransmitters in the brain
Which type of medications are included in the second-generation “atypical” antipsychotics used for OCD?
Olanzapine, risperidone, and quetiapine
What are effective nursing interventions for OCD mentioned in the text?
Therapeutic communication, teaching relaxation and behavioral techniques, following a daily routine
What is the role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the treatment of OCD?
To increase neurotransmitter levels in the synaptic cleft
What is the purpose of exposure and response prevention in the behavioral therapy for OCD?
To help individuals confront their fears and reduce anxiety
What is the effect of hoarding with age, according to the text?
The incidence of hoarding increases with age
What is the role of second-generation “atypical” antipsychotics in the treatment of OCD?
Assisting with OCD symptoms, although the true action is not totally understood
What is the characteristic feature of bulimia nervosa?
Recurrent episodes of binge eating and compensatory behaviors
What percentage of clients with eating disorders are females?
90%
At what age does anorexia nervosa typically begin?
Between 14 and 18 years
What type of therapy is most effective for clients with bulimia?
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
What are the characteristics of OCD?
Recurrent, persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or impulses, and ritualistic or repetitive behaviors or mental acts
At what age can OCD start?
In childhood
What is the impact of stress on OCD?
Symptoms increase during periods of stress
What are some disorders related to OCD?
Dermatillomania, trichotillomania, kleptomania
What is a key factor influencing the development of eating disorders?
Societal attitudes regarding thinness, beauty, desirability, and physical fitness
What may severely malnourished clients with anorexia nervosa require before psychiatric treatment can begin?
Intensive medical treatment to restore homeostasis
Study Notes
Eating Disorders and OCD Nursing Interventions
- Bulimia nervosa is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating and compensatory behaviors such as purging, using laxatives, or excessive exercising
- 90% of clients with eating disorders are females
- Anorexia nervosa is a life-threatening eating disorder characterized by body weight less than below minimum expectations, intense fear of being fat, severely distorted body image, and refusal to eat or binge eating and purging
- Anorexia begins between the ages of 14 and 18 years, and bulimia begins around age 18 or 19
- Many neurochemical changes are present in individuals with eating disorders, but it is uncertain whether these changes cause or are a result of the eating disorders
- Societal attitudes regarding thinness, beauty, desirability, and physical fitness may influence the development of eating disorders
- Severely malnourished clients with anorexia nervosa may require intensive medical treatment to restore homeostasis before psychiatric treatment can begin
- Family therapy is effective for clients with anorexia; CBT is most effective for clients with bulimia
- OCD involves recurrent, persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or impulses (obsessions) and ritualistic or repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions)
- OCD can start in childhood and often lasts into adulthood
- OCD is a chronic progressive disease with symptoms increasing during periods of stress
- Disorders related to OCD include dermatillomania, trichotillomania, onychophagia, kleptomania, oniomania, BDD, body identity disorder, and hoarding
Test your knowledge of nursing interventions for eating disorders and OCD. Learn about the characteristics, neurochemical changes, societal influences, and treatment options for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
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