Nursing History Overview

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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'Dark Period of Nursing' refer to?

  • A period when nursing and other sciences were eradicated (correct)
  • A period dominated by war and conflict in nursing history
  • A time of significant advancements in nursing practices
  • A phase characterized by extensive training programs for nurses

Who founded the Kaiserswerth Institute for training of Deaconesses?

  • Martin Luther
  • Florence Nightingale
  • Mary Seacole
  • Pastor Theodor Fliedner (correct)

What is trephining?

  • A spiritual practice to ward off evil spirits
  • A surgical procedure that involves drilling a hole in the skull (correct)
  • A form of herbal medicine
  • An ancient nursing technique used by village doctors

Which event is associated with Florence Nightingale and Mary Seacole in nursing history?

<p>The Crimean War (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What period is characterized by nursing based on formal education?

<p>Educative Period (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did traditional women play in early nursing?

<p>They were seen as shamans or village doctors with intuitive practices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which figure is connected to creating the new religion 'Lutheran'?

<p>Martin Luther (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What notable practice was employed by village doctors in prehistoric nursing?

<p>Interventions based on learned traditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which period did women primarily practice intuitive nursing?

<p>Prehistoric Era (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the 'Mother of modern nursing'?

<p>Florence Nightingale (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hospital holds the title of being the world's first?

<p>Temple of Hygeria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the world's first nursing theorist?

<p>Florence Nightingale (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant contribution did Florence Nightingale make to nursing education?

<p>Founded the first nursing school in London (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What year was the first nurse registration bill passed?

<p>1903 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hospital was associated with the Franciscan order in Manila?

<p>Hospital De Indios (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first president of the Philippine Nurses Association?

<p>Rosario Del Gado (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year did the Ilo-Ilo Mission Hospital open, marking the first school of nursing in the Philippines?

<p>1906 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the WHO define health as?

<p>Complete well-being in physical, mental, and social aspects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing theory focuses on basic human needs?

<p>14 Basic Needs Theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year did the first board exam for nursing take place in the Philippines?

<p>1920 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first nursing superintendent in the Philippines?

<p>Anastacia Giron-Tupaz (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who passed the first board exam for nursing?

<p>Anna Dahlgren (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hospitals opened in 1907 as the first school of nursing in the Philippines?

<p>PGH School of Nursing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hospitals in the Philippines was founded by Brother?

<p>San Lazaro Hospital (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the current Director-General of the WHO?

<p>Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the system model of nursing according to Sr. Callista Roy?

<p>Stress reduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory emphasizes the connection between nursing and the spirit of the client?

<p>Human Caring Theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the four principles of conservation include according to Myra Estrin Levine?

<p>Energy, structural integrity, personal integrity, and social integrity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the Human Becoming Theory?

<p>Rosemarie Rizzo Parse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Katharine Kolcaba, what role does comfort play in health care?

<p>It is an antidote to stressors in health care situations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the perspective of Joyce Travelbee on the purpose of nursing?

<p>Help and support individuals, families, or groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Nursing Process Theory stress about patient perceptions?

<p>Nurses must validate patient inferences and analyses. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the Theory of Comfort as described by Katharine Kolcaba?

<p>Providing an antidote to stressors in healthcare (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of nurses helping communities cope with illness and suffering?

<p>Achieving a sense of hope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Benner's theory, how do nurses develop their skills over time?

<p>Via a blend of educational foundation and personal experiences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of temperature measurement is considered the most accurate?

<p>Rectal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the core temperature measurement route that requires a duration of 2-3 minutes?

<p>Oral (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step for nurses in addressing postpartum depression according to Cheryl Tatano Beck?

<p>Acknowledge that birth can bring joy or distress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the axillary temperature measurement route?

<p>It is the least accurate route. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main requirement for taking a rectal temperature?

<p>The probe must be inserted 1-2 cm. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Peaceful End of Life Theory primarily focus on?

<p>Facilitating comfort in dying patients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal temperature range for adults?

<p>36.5-37.5℃ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hyperthermia defined as?

<p>Alteration in body temperature above normal range (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing intervention is appropriate for chills?

<p>Provide warmth and warm beverages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What temperature range indicates pyrexia?

<p>39.6-40.0℃ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a remittent fever?

<p>Temperature fluctuates but remains elevated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of hypothermia?

<p>Induced hypothermia from ice baths (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the fever stage of hyperpyrexia?

<p>Above 39.6℃ with possible seizures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situations should ice packs be avoided?

<p>During hyperthermia episodes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is suitable for addressing shivering?

<p>Use light blankets and warm compresses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an accidental hypothermia situation?

<p>Exposure to extreme cold (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Prehistoric Era of Nursing

Nursing practices during the early stages of human civilization, often relying on intuitive knowledge and beliefs about health and illness.

Apprentice Period Nursing

Nursing training focused on gaining practical experience within hospitals, usually lasting a few months.

Dark Period of Nursing

A period where nursing and other sciences were suppressed, following the decline of Christian civilization and the rise of the Italian Renaissance.

Educative Period Nursing

A time when formal education became an important part of nursing training.

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Florence Nightingale

A significant figure in the development of modern nursing, known for her work during the Crimean War.

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Crimean War

A war between Russia and Turkey that saw the involvement of notable nurses, such as Florence Nightingale, and was important to the evolution of modern nursing.

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Trephining

A surgical procedure that involves drilling a hole into the skull, believed to have been a form of early surgery.

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Kaiserswerth Institute for Deaconesses

A training institution for deaconesses in Germany, influential in the advancement of nursing education.

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St. Agatha of Sicily

A historical figure associated with Christian civilization and crusades, who is sometimes linked to early nursing traditions.

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Nursing History

The historical evolution of nursing practices from prehistoric periods to modern times.

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First Nursing College in the Philippines

The Philippine Christian Mission Herbosa Institute was the first college of nursing in the Philippines.

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World's First Hospital

The Temple of Hygeria is considered the world's first hospital.

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World's First Christian Hospital

Fabiola established the world's first hospital for Christians.

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World's First Nurse (Biblical)

Deborah, nurse of Rebecca, is recognized as the first nurse in the Bible.

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First Nursing Theorist

Florence Nightingale is considered the world's first nursing theorist.

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First Nursing Training School

The Nightingale Training School was the world's first nursing training school.

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First Nursing Registration

The year 1903 saw the world's first nurse registration bill.

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Philippines' First Hospital

The Hospital Real de Manila, located in Intramuros, was the first hospital in the Philippines (established by Gov. De Sande).

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Nursing School (1st)

The first nursing school was established by Florence Nightingale at London.

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Nursing (contemporary)

Nursing is evolving based on new trends, upgrades, and information updates.

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WHO definition of health

WHO defines health as a complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the absence of disease.

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Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus

The President of the World Health Organization (WHO).

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First Filipino charity hospital

Hospital De Indios (Tondo, Manila), established by the Franciscan order.

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Loreto Tupaz

An individual associated with the implementation of Florence Nightingale's model of nursing in the Iloilo region.

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Anastacia Giron-Tupaz

First female nursing superintendent.

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Roy's Adaptation Model

Nursing focuses on helping clients adapt to health and illness within their environment.

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Watson's Caring Theory

Nursing focuses on connecting with client's spirits through caring and healing.

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Levine's Conservation Model

Nursing promotes the conservation of energy, structural, personal, and social integrity.

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Travelbee's Interpersonal Relations Model

Nursing aims to support patient, family, or individuals through challenges.

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Parse's Human Becoming Theory

Nursing emphasizes the holistic helping of individuals with self-care to achieve optimal health.

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Orlando's Nursing Process Theory

Nursing validates patient interpretations of situations to provide tailored care.

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Kolcaba's Theory of Comfort

Nursing enhances comfort to help patients manage health care stressors.

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Nursing Process (ADPIE)

A systematic approach to nursing care that includes Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation.

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Neuman Systems Model

A nursing model focusing on the well-being of individuals and preventing illness.

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Postpartum Depression Theory

A theory exploring the potential for depression in women after childbirth.

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Peaceful End of Life Theory

A framework for understanding and supporting those at the end of life.

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Novice to Expert Stages

Model examining the development of skills in nurses over time through education and experience.

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Oral Route

Method of administering medication by mouth.

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Rectal Route

Method of administering medication through the rectum.

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Axillary

Method of taking temperature under the armpit.

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Kolcaba's model

A nursing perspective emphasizing community and hope in dealing with illness and suffering.

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Normal Body Temperature

The typical range of body temperature considered healthy in adults (36.5-37.5°C) and children (35-36.2°C).

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Hyperthermia

A condition where body temperature rises above the normal range, often indicating an infection or inflammation.

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Hypothermia

A condition where body temperature falls below the normal range.

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Induced Hypothermia

A controlled lowering of body temperature used for therapeutic purposes, like during surgeries.

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Accidental Hypothermia

An unintentional lowering of body temperature, often caused by exposure to extreme cold.

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Intermittent Fever

A fever that fluctuates within 24 hours between elevated and normal temperatures.

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Remittent Fever

A fever that fluctuates within 24 hours, but always remains above normal temperature.

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Relapsing Fever

A fever characterized by short, febrile episodes that recur after a few days of normal temperature.

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Constant Fever

A fever that remains elevated with minimal fluctuations, always above normal temperature.

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Pyrexia

A high fever, typically ranging from 39.6-40.0°C.

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Study Notes

Nursing History

  • Nursing began as early as civilization
  • Prehistoric Era: Intuitive nursing, Shamans (used magic), Herbal remedies, Village doctors
  • Apprentice Era: Nursing based on experience, training at hospitals (3-6 months), St. Catherine of Sienna, St. Claire of Assisi, St. Elizabeth of Hungary
  • Dark Period: Nursing and other sciences declined, Fall of Christian civilization, Rise of Italian Renaissance, Martin Luther, Nurses hid during the Crimean War
  • Educative Period: Formal nursing education, Florence Nightingale founded the first nursing school, Nightingale Training School,
  • Contemporary Period: Nursing is based on updates, upgrades, and new trends, WHO's definition of health, DOH secretary, Dr. Teodoro J. Herbosa

World's First History

  • Temple of Hygeria: First hospital
  • Hospital De Indios (Tondo, Manila): First Filipino charity
  • 1st School of Nursing: Ilo-Ilo Mission Hospital (1906), Saint Paul's Hospital (1907), PGH School of Nursing (1907)
  • 1st College of Nursing - University of Santo Tomas (1946)
  • Early figures like Fabiola, Deborah, St. Catherine of Sienna, Florence Nightingale

Nursing Theories

  • Environmental Theory (Florence Nightingale): Utilizing the environment to assist in recovery (Cleanliness, Light, Air, Water, Drainage)
  • Interpersonal Relations Theory (Hildegard Peplau): Interpersonal process between client and nurse
  • 14 Basic Needs Theory (unknown author): 14 basic needs of human beings
  • Self-care Deficit Theory (unknown author): Assisting others with self-care
  • Goal Attainment Theory (Imogene King): Action, reaction, and interaction between nurse and client
  • Care-Core-Cure Theory (Lydia Hall): Participation in care, core, and cure aspects of patient care
  • Behavioral System Model (Dorothy Johnson): Fostering equilibrium within the individual
  • Adaptation Theory (Sr. Callista Roy): Clients adapt within the environment
  • Human Caring Theory (Jean Watson): Connecting with the spirit of the client
  • 4 Principles of Conservation (Myra Estrin Levine): Four principles of conservation (energy, structural integrity, personal integrity, and social integrity)
  • Human-to-Human Relationship (Joyce Travelbee): Supporting individuals, families, or communities to cope with illness
  • Neuman Systems Model (Betty Neuman): Many needs disrupt client balance, stress reduction is the goal of practice.
  • Human Becoming Theory (Rosemarie Parse): Holistic helping of persons with their activities

Additional Concepts

  • Postpartum Depression Theory
  • Peaceful End of Life Theory
  • 21 Nursing Problems
  • Vital Signs (Types)

Methods of Heat Transfer

  • Conduction
  • Radiation
  • Convection
  • Evaporation

Alterations in Body Temperature

  • Hyperthermia: Body temp above normal (Fever-1st sign of infection)
  • Hypothermia: Body temp below normal
  • Types of Fever (Intermittent, Remittent, Relapsing, Constant)

Respiratory Rate

  • Types of Respiration (Internal, external)
  • Breath Sounds (Normal, Abnormal)
  • Breathing Patterns (Tachypnea, Bradypnea, Biot's Respiration, Cheyne-Stokes, Kussmaul)

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