Nursing 1250 Exam 1 Practice

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Questions and Answers

A patient with pneumonia is experiencing dyspnea and a productive cough. What is the most appropriate initial nursing intervention?

Position the patient in high Fowler's position. (correct)

Initiate oxygen therapy at 6L/min.

Administer prescribed antibiotics.

Perform postural drainage.

Which of the following is a hallmark sign of community-acquired pneumonia?

Hemoptysis

Persistent dry cough

Night sweats

Acute onset of fever and chills (correct)

What is a priority diagnostic test for pneumonia?

Sputum culture

ABG analysis

Chest X-ray (correct)

Pulmonary function test

Which intervention is most appropriate to prevent hospital-acquired pneumonia?

Encourage hourly use of an incentive spirometer. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common early sign of sepsis in a patient with pneumonia?

Fever (C) Signup and view all the answers

The nurse understands that a patient with pneumonia may have which abnormal laboratory finding?

Increased WBC count (D) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with pneumonia reports worsening symptoms despite antibiotic therapy. What should the nurse assess first?

Compliance with medication (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for tuberculosis (TB)?

Inhalation of airborne droplets (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with a positive TB skin test (PPD) asks what this means. What is the best response?

Further tests are needed to determine if you have active or latent TB. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is commonly prescribed for latent TB?

Isoniazid (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of isolation precautions should be implemented for a patient with suspected TB?

Airborne precautions (B) Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is caring for a patient taking rifampin. What side effect should the patient be informed about?

Red-orange discoloration of body fluids (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the BCG vaccine?

Provide immunity against TB. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic tool is most effective for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea?

Polysomnography (sleep study) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What lifestyle change can reduce the risk of obstructive sleep apnea?

Maintaining a healthy weight (A) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with sleep apnea is prescribed a CPAP machine. What is the primary purpose of this device?

Prevent upper airway collapse during sleep. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a classic symptom of obstructive sleep apnea?

Morning headaches (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which patient is at highest risk for obstructive sleep apnea?

A 40-year-old obese male smoker (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is most commonly associated with a pneumothorax?

Sudden onset of chest pain and dyspnea (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the priority nursing action when caring for a patient with a chest tube?

Ensure the drainage system is upright and below chest level. (B) Signup and view all the answers

During chest tube care, the nurse notices continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber. What does this indicate?

An air leak in the system (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of thoracentesis?

Obtain a sample of pleural fluid for analysis. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with a pleural effusion is scheduled for a thoracentesis. What is the nurse's priority action during the procedure?

Monitor for signs of pneumothorax. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A patient has a hemothorax. What clinical manifestation should the nurse expect?

Decreased lung sounds on the affected side (D) Signup and view all the answers

What intervention is necessary to maintain a closed chest tube drainage system?

Secure all connections to prevent air leaks. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk factor for COPD?

Smoking tobacco (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical manifestation is most consistent with COPD?

Chronic productive cough and wheezing (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a priority intervention for a patient with acute COPD exacerbation?

Position the patient in tripod position. (C) Signup and view all the answers

The nurse understands that COPD pathophysiology includes which finding?

Bronchoconstriction and increased airway resistance (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which lab value is most important to monitor in a patient with COPD?

Arterial blood gases (ABGs) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common complication of long-term COPD?

Cor pulmonale (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the "P" in the PICOT framework represent?

Population (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of research evidence is considered the strongest?

Randomized controlled trial (B) Signup and view all the answers

How is reliability defined in research?

The ability to replicate study findings consistently (B) Signup and view all the answers

A nurse reads a research study about a new intervention. What is the next step in the EBP process?

Critically appraise the study's validity and relevance. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which lab value is most concerning in a patient with respiratory acidosis?

pH 7.30 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for PaO2 in arterial blood gases?

80-100 mmHg (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which lab value would be expected in a patient with an acute bacterial infection?

Elevated WBC count (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the priority nursing intervention for a patient with a potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L?

Administer potassium chloride as prescribed. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which lab value is critical to monitor in a patient receiving anticoagulant therapy?

PT/INR (B) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Exam 1 Practice

Question 1: A patient with pneumonia and dyspnea, requires positioning in high Fowler's position for lung expansion.
Question 2: A hallmark sign of community-acquired pneumonia is an acute onset of fever and chills.
Question 3: A priority diagnostic test for pneumonia is a chest X-ray.
Question 4: To prevent hospital-acquired pneumonia, encourage hourly use of an incentive spirometer to promote lung expansion.

Question 5

Early sign of sepsis in a patient with pneumonia is fever.

Question 6

An abnormal lab finding in a patient with pneumonia is an increased white blood cell (WBC) count.

Question 7

A priority nursing assessment for a patient with worsening symptoms despite antibiotic therapy is medication compliance.

Section 2: Tuberculosis

Question 8: The primary mode of transmission for tuberculosis (TB) is through the inhalation of airborne droplets.

Section 3: Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Question 14: A polysomnography is the most effective tool for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea.
Question 15: Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce risk of obstructive sleep apnea.
Question 16: The primary purpose of a CPAP machine is to prevent upper airway collapse during sleep.

Question 17

A classic symptom of obstructive sleep apnea is morning headaches.

Question 18

A 40-year-old obese male smoker is at highest risk for obstructive sleep apnea.

Section 4: Pleural Disorders and Chest Tubes

Question 19: A pneumothorax is associated with sudden onset of chest pain and dyspnea.
Question 20: A priority nursing action for a patient with a chest tube is to ensure the drainage system is upright and below chest level to prevent backflow.

Question 21

Continuous bubbling in the water-seal chamber of a chest tube indicates an air leak in the system.

Question 22

Thoracentesis is primarily used to obtain a sample of pleural fluid for analysis.

Question 23

During a thoracentesis, a priority action for nurses is to monitor for signs of pneumothorax.

Question 24

A patient with hemothorax should display decreased lung sounds on the affected side.

Section 5: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Question 26: Smoking tobacco is a major risk factor for COPD
Question 27: Chronic productive cough and wheezing is a clinical manifestation consistent with COPD.
Question 28: A priority intervention for acute COPD exacerbation is positioning the patient in a tripod position.

Question 29

COPD pathophysiology includes bronchoconstriction and increased airway resistance.

Question 30

The most important lab value to monitor in a COPD patient is arterial blood gases (ABGs).

Question 31

A complication of long-term COPD is cor pulmonale (right-sided heart failure).

Section 6: Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)

Question 32: The "P" in the PICOT framework represents the population being studied.

Question 33

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the strongest type of research evidence.

Question 34

Reliability in research refers to the consistency and repeatability of study findings.

Question 35

Critically appraising the study's validity and relevance is the next step after reading a research study in the EBP process.

Section 7: Lab Values

Question 36: A pH of 7.30 is a concerning lab value in a patient with respiratory acidosis.

Question 37

The normal range for PaO2 in arterial blood gases is 80-100 mmHg.

Question 38

A patient with an acute bacterial infection is expected to have an elevated WBC count.

Question 39

A potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L requires the administration of potassium chloride as prescribed.

Question 40

PT/INR levels are critical to monitor in a patient receiving anticoagulant therapy.

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Description

Prepare for your nursing exam with this quiz focused on critical respiratory conditions like pneumonia, tuberculosis, and obstructive sleep apnea. Test your knowledge on patient assessments, diagnostic tests, and nursing interventions to ensure you are well-prepared for real-life scenarios. Ideal for nursing students and professionals looking to refresh their skills.