12 Questions
What did Lazarus argue about the concept of stress?
It is not a single, unitary phenomenon
According to Woolfolk, Lehrer, and Allen, how should stress be best thought of?
A generic, nontechnical term
What did Allostasis, coined by Sterling and Eyer, describe?
How the cardiovascular system adjusts to resting and active states of the body
In the evolution of the concept of stress, what was it conceptualized as in the 'Physiologic Response' period?
A physiological response
What is the central premise of Lazarus & Folkman's Transactional Model of stress?
Stress is the relationship between the person and the environment that is appraised as exceeding the person’s resources and endangering their well-being
What is the freeze-hide response related to in terms of stress?
Producing a passive response to stress
What is the physiologic response to stress related to?
Involves all body systems
What is the fundamental role of cognitive appraisal in the experience of emotion?
It colors the meaning of a situation or an event
What is the aim of problem-focused coping?
To change the relationship between the environment and person
What does emotion-focused coping primarily involve?
Changing person–environment relationship
What does social support primarily enhance?
Health and well-being
What does a lack of social support increase the risk of?
Morbidity and mortality
Study Notes
Concept of Stress
- Lazarus argued that stress is a transaction between the individual and their environment.
Evolution of Stress Concept
- In the 'Physiologic Response' period, stress was conceptualized as a physiological response to a stimulus.
Allostasis
- Allostasis, coined by Sterling and Eyer, describes the adaptive processes that occur in response to stress.
Models of Stress
Transactional Model
- The central premise of Lazarus and Folkman's Transactional Model of stress is that stress is a transaction between the individual and their environment.
Physiologic Response
- The physiologic response to stress is related to the "fight or flight" response.
Freeze-Hide Response
- The freeze-hide response is related to the stress response, particularly in situations where there is a perceived threat.
Cognitive Appraisal
- The fundamental role of cognitive appraisal in the experience of emotion is to evaluate the significance of a stimulus.
Coping Mechanisms
- The aim of problem-focused coping is to change the stressful situation.
- Emotion-focused coping primarily involves regulating one's emotional response to a stressful situation.
- Social support primarily enhances coping abilities.
- A lack of social support increases the risk of stress-related disorders.
Test your knowledge of foundational concepts and nursing considerations in supporting individuals experiencing stress, crisis, self-harm, suicidality, violence, and abuse in the context of promoting mental health. This quiz covers approaches to applying trauma-informed care in crisis intervention.
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