Nursing Chapter 2: Legal/Ethical Aspects
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of accountability?

  • Wrongful termination of providing patient care
  • Legal responsibility
  • Being responsible for one's own actions (correct)
  • An intentional threat to cause bodily harm
  • What does liability mean?

    Legal responsibility

    What is abandonment of care?

    Wrongful termination of providing patient care

    What is assault?

    <p>An intentional threat to cause bodily harm to another; does not have to include actual bodily contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is battery?

    <p>Unlawful touching of another person without informed consent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does competency refer to in nursing?

    <p>A legal presumption that a person who has reached the age of majority can make decisions for herself or himself unless proved otherwise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is defamation?

    <p>Spoken or written statements made maliciously and intentionally that may injure the subject's reputation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is harm in a legal context?

    <p>Injury to a person or the person's property</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is libel?

    <p>A malicious or untrue writing about another person that is brought to the attention of others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does malpractice refer to?

    <p>Failure to meet a legal duty, causing harm to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does negligence mean?

    <p>An act of omission (not doing) or commission (doing), causing harm to another person</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is slander?

    <p>Malicious or untrue spoken words about another person that are brought to the attention of others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a tort?

    <p>A type of civil law that involves wrongs against a person or property</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are standards of care?

    <p>Define acts whose performance is required, permitted, or prohibited</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scope of nursing practice?

    <p>What you have the obligation to do, what you have permission to do, what you are prohibited to do to the patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Nurse Practice Acts define?

    <p>The laws formally defining and limiting the scope of nursing practice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does prudent mean?

    <p>Careful, wise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the elements of malpractice?

    <p>Duty exists, breach of duty, harm has occurred, proximate cause</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does HIPAA stand for?

    <p>Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the doctrine of informed consent?

    <p>Make an intelligent (informed) decision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is civil battery?

    <p>Unlawful touching of a person; an intent to harm is not necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is confidentiality in healthcare?

    <p>You have a duty to protect information about a patient, which does not end with patient discharge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are medical records?

    <p>Not public documents; kept in patient’s record and give rise to legal liability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is invasion of privacy?

    <p>Left alone and remain anonymous; don't expose patient's body parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does reporting abuse involve?

    <p>There are exceptions to the right to privacy; report mandated; be alert for signs of abuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can one avoid a lawsuit?

    <p>Provide compassionate/competent nursing care, follow standards of care, adhere to the scope of practice, proper documentation, Good Samaritan Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is professional liability insurance?

    <p>Claims made policy for nursing or negligence while the policy is in force; occurrence basis policy for events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does disciplinary defense insurance cover?

    <p>Qualified nurse attorney representation, wage loss reimbursement, legal fees paid or reimbursement for payment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does nursing ethics propose?

    <p>The duties and obligations of nurses to their patients, other healthcare professionals, the profession itself, and society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are values?

    <p>Personal beliefs about the worth of an object, idea, custom, or attitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of value clarification?

    <p>Self-evaluation that helps gain insight into personal values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are ethical dilemmas?

    <p>Situations that do not have a clear right or wrong answer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first, most fundamental principle?

    <p>Respect for people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does autonomy mean?

    <p>Freedom of personal choice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is beneficence?

    <p>Doing good</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does non maleficence mean?

    <p>Do no harm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does justice mean in healthcare?

    <p>Fair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are codes of ethics?

    <p>Guidelines for professional behavior, patient maintenance, and non-discrimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a health care proxy?

    <p>Assign durable power of attorney; someone to speak for the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'do not resuscitate' (DNR) mean?

    <p>Patient is not involved directly at the time; physician is responsible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Accountability: Responsibility for one's own actions in the nursing profession.
    • Liability: Legal responsibility for harm caused to patients.
    • Abandonment of Care: Wrongfully terminating patient care, which can lead to legal issues.
    • Assault: Intentional threats to inflict bodily harm without actual contact.
    • Battery: Unlawful physical contact without the informed consent of the patient.
    • Competency: Legal presumption allowing adults to make their own decisions unless declared incompetent.

    Defamation and Harm

    • Defamation: Malicious spoken or written statements that harm a person's reputation.
    • Harm: Injury inflicted on a person or their property, which can signal legal consequences.
    • Libel: Written defamation that is communicated to third parties.

    Malpractice and Negligence

    • Malpractice: Failure to meet legal duty resulting in patient harm.
    • Negligence: An act of omission or commission leading to another’s injury.

    Tort Law

    • Tort: A type of civil law involving wrongs against individuals, including negligence and defamation.
    • Standards of Care: Guidelines that dictate required, permitted, or prohibited actions in nursing.
    • Scope of Nursing Practice: Defines obligations and limitations in patient care.

    Nursing Legislation

    • Nurse Practice Acts: Laws defining the scope and limits of nursing practice.
    • HIPPA (1996): Protects confidentiality of health information.

    Patient Rights and Ethical Principles

    • Doctrine of Informed Consent: The obligation to ensure patients make informed decisions about their care.
    • Confidentiality: The ongoing duty to protect patient information, even post-discharge.
    • Invasion of Privacy: The obligation to respect patient privacy and anonymity.

    Reporting and Abuse

    • Reporting Abuse: Mandated reporting of abuse despite privacy norms; nurses must be vigilant for signs of harm.
    • Workplace Violence: Recognized as a form of abuse that may occur in healthcare settings.
    • Avoiding Lawsuits: Provide competent care, adhere to standards, maintain documentation, and understand Good Samaritan Law.
    • Professional Liability Insurance: Essential for protection against negligence claims; types include claims-made and occurrence basis policies.
    • Disciplinary Defense Insurance: Covers legal representation and related costs in case of disciplinary actions.

    Nursing Ethics and Values

    • Nursing Ethics: Establish the duties of nurses towards patients and the wider community.
    • Values and Value Clarification: Reflect on personal beliefs and how they guide nursing practice.
    • Ethical Dilemmas: Complex situations lacking clear rights or wrongs.

    Fundamental Ethical Principles

    • Respect for People: Fundamental principle emphasizing the value of individual autonomy.
    • Autonomy: Encourages freedom of personal choice in healthcare.
    • Beneficence: Obligation to do good for patients.
    • Non-maleficence: Commitment to refrain from causing harm.
    • Justice: Ensures fairness in care and treatment.

    Codes of Ethics

    • Adherence to ethical codes includes operating within the scope of practice, maintaining patient dignity, and providing non-discriminatory care.

    Patient Advocacy

    • Health Care Proxy: Designation of a person to make decisions on behalf of the patient.
    • Do Not Resuscitate (DNR): A legal order for healthcare providers, made without direct patient involvement, specifying no resuscitation efforts.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key legal and ethical terms in nursing, including accountability, liability, and abandonment of care. Each flashcard presents a definition essential for understanding the responsibilities inherent in nursing practice. Test your knowledge and deepen your grasp of these important concepts.

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