Podcast
Questions and Answers
A client's feelings and perceptions may be recorded as subjective data.
A client's feelings and perceptions may be recorded as subjective data.
True
The nurse should use closed-ended questions to elicit the client's feelings and perceptions.
The nurse should use closed-ended questions to elicit the client's feelings and perceptions.
False
Which sign in a genogram indicates adoption?
Which sign in a genogram indicates adoption?
Study Notes
Interviewing
- The nurse reviews the medical record before meeting the client to assist with conducting the interview.
- Phases of the interview:
- Introductory phase
- Working phase
- Summary and closing phase
Introductory Phase
- Introduction to the client
- Explaining the purpose of the interview
- Discussing the types of questions that will be asked
- Explaining the reason for taking notes
- Assuring the client that confidential information will remain confidential
- Making sure the client is comfortable and has privacy
- Developing trust and rapport using verbal and nonverbal skills
Working Phase
- Biographical data collection
- Reasons for seeking care
- History of present health concern
- Past health history
- Family history
- Review of body systems for current health problems
- Lifestyle and health practices and developmental level
- Listening, observing cues, and using critical thinking skills to interpret and validate information received from the client
- Collaborating with the client to identify the client's problems and goals
Summary and Closing Phase
- Summarizing information obtained during the working phase
- Validating problems and goals with the client
- Identifying and discussing possible plans to resolve the problem with the client
- Making sure to ask if anything else concerns the client and if there are any further questions
Nonverbal Communication
- Importance of appearance, demeanor, facial expression, attitude, silence, and listening
- Nonverbal communication to avoid: excessive or insufficient eye contact, distraction and distance, standing
Verbal Communication
- Open-ended questions
- Closed-ended questions
- Laundry list
- Rephrasing
- Well-placed phrases
- Inferring
- Providing information
- Avoid using biased or leading questions, rushing through the interview, and reading the questions
Special Considerations
- Gerontologic variations
- Cultural variations
- Emotional variations
Interacting with Different Client Types
- Anxious client: provide simple, organized information, explain who you are and your role, ask simple questions, avoid becoming anxious, do not hurry, decrease external stimuli
- Angry client: approach calmly, allow venting, avoid arguments, obtain help from other health care professionals, facilitate personal space
- Depressed client: express interest, respond neutrally, avoid upbeat communication
- Manipulative client: provide structure, set limits, differentiate between manipulation and reasonable requests, obtain objective opinion
- Seductive client: set firm limits, encourage coping, avoid responding to subtle behaviors, report inappropriate behavior
Discussing Sensitive Issues
- Be aware of your own thoughts and feelings regarding dying, spirituality, and sexuality
- Ask simple questions in a nonjudgmental manner
- Allow time for ventilation of client's feelings
- If uncomfortable, make referrals to appropriate professionals
Health History
- Biographical data
- Reasons for seeking health care
- History of present health concern
- Past health history
- Family health history
- Review of systems for current health problems
- Lifestyle and health practices
- Developmental level
Review of Body Systems
- Skin, hair, nails
- Head, neck
- Eyes
- Ears
- Mouth, throat, nose, sinuses
- Thorax, lungs
- Breasts, regional lymphatics
- Heart, neck vessels
- Peripheral vascular
- Abdomen
- Genitalia
- Anus, rectum, prostate
- Musculoskeletal
- Neurologic
Lifestyle and Health Practices
- Description of typical day
- Nutrition and weight management
- 24-hour dietary intake
- Who purchases and prepares meals
- Activity on a typical day and exercise habits
- Rest and sleep habits
- Medication and substance use
- Self-concept and self-care responsibilities
- Social activities
- Relationships
- Values and belief system
- Past, present, and future education and work
- Type of work, job satisfaction, work stressors
- Stress levels and coping strategies
- Residency, environment, neighborhood, environmental risks
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Description
This quiz covers the process of collecting subjective data through interviews and health history, including the preintroductory phase, introductory phase, working phase, and summary and closing phase.