Nursing Care for Pregnant Families

Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of prenatal care?

To establish a baseline of present health (correct)

To provide a detailed medical history of the mother

To assess the readiness for parenthood

To monitor the family's income and employment status

At what point in pregnancy should the first prenatal visit ideally occur?

During the second trimester

During the postnatal period

After the eighth month

Before four months or within the first trimester (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a common component of the health history during prenatal visits?

Last menstrual period (LMP)

Demographic data

Name of primary healthcare provider (correct)

Chief concern

What is a key aspect of prenatal visits concerning maternal well-being?

Monitoring fetal development Signup and view all the answers

What should be documented during the initial health assessment of a pregnant woman?

Date of last menstrual period (LMP) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is associated with danger signs in pregnancy?

Visual disturbances Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the antenatal period is true?

It refers to the time of pregnancy before labor. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the fundamental goals of prenatal education?

To encourage patterns of healthy behaviors in the family Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended management technique for muscle cramps during pregnancy?

Lying on her back and extending the leg Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT recommended for alleviating varicosities during pregnancy?

Maintaining full leg extension Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely cause of palmar erythema in pregnant women?

Hormonal changes Signup and view all the answers

Which substance has been shown to cause fetal growth restriction and preterm labor?

Meperidine (Demerol) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended prevention measure for alcohol consumption during pregnancy?

Abstain from alcohol completely Signup and view all the answers

How does supine hypotension syndrome primarily affect a pregnant woman?

It restricts blood flow to the heart Signup and view all the answers

How does nicotine affect fetal development?

It results in low birth weight due to vasoconstriction Signup and view all the answers

What is an effective way to manage fatigue in early pregnancy?

Increasing the amount of rest and sleep Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a chemical teratogen?

Pesticides Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of muscle cramps during pregnancy?

Increase in serum phosphorus levels Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about traveling during pregnancy is true?

Rest or stretch every two hours is recommended. Signup and view all the answers

When is the most damaging period for radiation exposure during pregnancy?

Implantation to 6 weeks after conception Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to cognitive and neurological challenges in a fetus?

Lead poisoning Signup and view all the answers

What is a suggested management for palmar pruritus during pregnancy?

Use of calamine lotion Signup and view all the answers

What measure should be taken to reduce radiation exposure during pregnancy if needed?

Use a pelvic shield or lead apron Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of secondary smoke on fetal development?

It can be more damaging than direct smoking Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action for perineal hygiene during pregnancy?

Wipe front to back after voiding Signup and view all the answers

Which exercise is considered the best option during pregnancy?

Walking Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided when bathing during pregnancy if membranes have ruptured?

Tub baths Signup and view all the answers

What is one recommended practice to help manage leukorrhea during pregnancy?

Taking a daily bath or shower Signup and view all the answers

What maternal breast care practice is recommended during pregnancy?

Wearing a supportive bra Signup and view all the answers

What dental care recommendation is advised during pregnancy?

Maintain good oral health Signup and view all the answers

How can wearing low-to-moderate heeled shoes benefit a pregnant woman?

It reduces back pain by maintaining better posture Signup and view all the answers

What is advised about sexual activity during pregnancy with ruptured membranes?

Avoid coitus Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindicated action for women experiencing leukorrhea?

Using douches for cleaning Signup and view all the answers

What technique can help relieve backache during pregnancy?

Pelvic rocking exercises Signup and view all the answers

Why is douching contraindicated during pregnancy?

It could cause uterine infection Signup and view all the answers

Which method is advisable for lifting objects safely during pregnancy?

Lifting objects close to the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the suggested sleeping position for pregnant women?

Left-sided Sims position Signup and view all the answers

What should pregnant women avoid taking for back pain without consulting their healthcare provider?

Herbal remedies Signup and view all the answers

What physiological change during pregnancy can lead to headaches?

Expansion of blood volume putting pressure on cerebral arteries Signup and view all the answers

What lifestyle change may help reduce the risk of vulvar excoriation during pregnancy?

Avoiding tight underpants Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Learning Objectives

Understand prenatal visit assessments and areas of health concerns.
Assess readiness for parenthood, health status of pregnant women, and family.

Definitions

Antepartal/Prenatal/Antenatal Period: Time during pregnancy before labor.
Postpartal/Postnatal Period: Six weeks following delivery.

Prenatal Care (Antenatal Care)

Systematic assessment and guidance for health promotion during pregnancy.
Establishes health baseline, determines fetal gestational age, and monitors development.
Identifies women at risk for complications and provides pregnancy education.

Prenatal Visit Schedule

First visit: Early as possible, ideally before four months.
Second visit: During second trimester.
Third visit: During third trimester.
Biweekly visits: Starting from the eighth month until delivery.

Components of Health History

Demographics: Includes personal information like name, age, ethnicity, employment.
Chief Concern: Document last menstrual period (LMP) and assess signs of early pregnancy (nausea, fatigue).
Inquire about discomforts and danger signs (bleeding, severe pain, etc.).

Breast Care

Recommended supportive bras and maintaining dryness with gauze or pads.
Colostrum secretion begins around 16 weeks; wash breasts with water only.

Dental Care

Importance of oral health; avoid dental x-rays during pregnancy.

Perineal Hygiene

Maintain hygiene due to increased discharge; wipe front to back after voiding.
Avoid douching to prevent infections.

Clothing Guidelines

Avoid tight garments; wear moderate-to-low heels for comfort.

Sexual Activity

Avoid intercourse if membranes have ruptured or spotting occurs.
Partner with non-monogamous background should wear condoms.

Exercise Recommendations

No contact sports; aim for moderate exercise three times a week.
Walking is advised; avoid high-impact activities, consult doctor for complicated pregnancies.

Sleep Suggestions

Drink milk before bed and use left-sided Sims position for better circulation.

Travel Tips

Travel is generally safe; frequent stops recommended during long trips to prevent circulation issues.

Common Body Changes: First Trimester

Breast Tenderness: Wear a supportive bra; manage cold sensitivity.
Fatigue: Increased rest is essential.
Muscle Cramps: Caused by imbalances in calcium/phosphorus; management includes leg elevation.

Supine Hypotension Syndrome

Occurs when lying on back; manage by repositioning to the left side.

Varicosities

Caused by pressure from the uterus; relieve with leg elevation and resting in specific positions.

Leucorrhea Management

Daily bathing and wearing cotton underwear helps control discharge; avoid douching.

Common Body Changes: Second and Third Trimester

Musculoskeletal Discomfort: Manage back pain with supportive footwear and pelvic rocking exercises.
Acetaminophen is safe for pain relief; consult before taking any medication.
Headaches: Related to increased blood volume; avoid narcotics known to harm fetal health.

Teratogenic Risks

Alcohol: Causes fetal alcohol spectrum disorders; complete abstinence is recommended.
Tobacco: Linked to low birth weight via uterine vessel constriction; secondary smoke poses similar risks.
Chemical Hazards: Avoid pesticides, carbon monoxide, lead, and mercury to protect fetal development.
Radiation: Most harmful during early pregnancy; protective measures should be taken if exposure is necessary.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the assessment of pregnant women and their families during prenatal visits. It covers key areas of health evaluation, readiness for parenthood, and important terminology related to the antepartal and postpartal periods. Enhance your understanding of nursing care in maternal health with this informative quiz.