Nursing Care for Kidney Conditions

<p>Immunocompromised background (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heart failure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sustained hepatitis B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Escherichia coli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wegener granulomatosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infection or inflammation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enlargement, asymmetry, edema, or redness/hyperpigmentation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inflammatory responses from immunity excesses and autoimmune reactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Young females who are sexually active (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Klebsiella species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>New-onset confusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Less than 2 g (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nephrectomy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A fixed level of dilution despite variable fluid intake (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poor waste elimination by the kidneys (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>64 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Destruction of erythropoietin-producing kidney cells by tumor cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Between 135 and 145 mEq/L (falsely normal) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oliguria which leads to decreased potassium excretion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glomerular changes, cell loss, protein and collagen deposits, and fibrosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tumor cells producing large amounts of erythropoietin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>History of smoking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Feelings of anger, resentment, sadness, or anxiety (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The effect of nephrectomy and potential metastasis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Loss of nephrons reduces glomerular filtration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ultrasound (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Papillary cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slowing the progression of kidney damage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hematuria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Age at which the parent was diagnosed and any related complications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MRI or CT (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inability to concentrate urine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Feelings of guilt and concern for the patient's children (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>End-stage kidney disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate easier access to the kidney area (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To allow for better access to the kidney and tumor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infection in the surgical site (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Steroid replacements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Every 8 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A kidney infection usually caused by bacteria, often E. coli.

The most common cause is Escherichia coli; Enterococcus faecalis is common in hospitals.

Chronic kidney damage may result in ongoing infection and discomfort.

Costovertebral angle tenderness indicates kidney infection or inflammation.

Includes inflammatory responses, autoimmune reactions, and immune excess.

New confusion in elderly patients may indicate urinary or renal infections.

Changes in urine color or odor can indicate bacterial infection.

Sexually active young females and hormone-related changes increase risk.

A kidney condition that can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Progressive loss of kidney function over time.

An autoimmune disease that can cause glomerulonephritis.

Test that examines urine for abnormalities like hematuria and proteinuria.

Presence of red blood cells in urine, indicating potential kidney issues.

Presence of abnormal levels of protein in urine, a sign of kidney dysfunction.

Genetic condition causing kidney disease and hearing loss.

A kidney disease caused by the accumulation of IgA protein in kidneys.

A genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys.

Ultrasound is primarily used to diagnose PKD by measuring kidney size and detecting cysts.

Family history analysis helps identify individuals at risk for PKD, especially if a parent is affected.

Management primarily occurs in the community and includes care for hypertension and frequent UTIs.

Symptoms include abdominal pain, hypertension, nocturia, hematuria, and increased abdominal girth.

In early stages, PKD causes sodium wasting and an inability to concentrate urine.

Urinalysis may reveal proteinuria, indicating kidney damage.

PKD can progress to kidney failure with anuria, which is a lack of urine production.

About 13,920 people die annually from kidney cancer in the United States, one of the top 10 cancers.

The average age at diagnosis of kidney cancer is 64 years; rarely in those under 45.

Effects like anemia, hypercalcemia, and liver dysfunction are paraneoplastic syndromes related to kidney cancer.

Tumor cells can produce erythropoietin, causing erythrocytosis or anemia in kidney cancer patients.

Nephrectomy, or kidney removal, is the most common treatment for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

If cancer has spread, nephrectomy is followed by targeted chemotherapy and cytokine treatment.

Ask about smoking, chemical exposure, weight loss, urine changes, flank pain, and fever as risk factors.

RCC has five types: clear cell, papillary, chromophobe, collecting duct, and unclassified.

A long-term kidney disease causing damage to glomeruli over years to decades, leading to reduced kidney function.

Common symptoms include mild proteinuria, hematuria, hypertension, fatigue, and occasional edema.

A measure of kidney function that declines in chronic glomerulonephritis, indicating kidney damage.

In chronic GN, the specific gravity is fixed around 1.010, indicating kidney's inability to concentrate urine despite fluid changes.

Elevated serum creatinine in chronic GN indicates poor waste elimination; levels often exceed 6 mg/dL.

In chronic GN, oliguria leads to potassium not being excreted, resulting in hyperkalemia when levels exceed 5.4 mEq/L.

Hypertension often accompanies chronic glomerulonephritis due to reduced nephron number and renal arteriole sclerosis.

The area where the surgeon makes an incision to access the kidney.

Patient is positioned with the kidney to be removed uppermost.

A potential complication where adrenal glands can't secrete enough glucocorticoids post-surgery.

Administering antibiotics during and after surgery to prevent infection.

A drain may be placed in the wound to remove fluids before closure.