Nursing Care for Female Cancers

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a contributing factor to cervical cancer?

Regular exercise

High-fiber diet

Human papillomavirus (HPV) (correct)

Use of oral contraceptives

What is the purpose of a Pap test in relation to cervical cancer?

To screen for precancerous changes (correct)

To confirm HPV infection

To evaluate pelvic pain

To diagnose existing cancer

Which treatment is NOT typically used for cervical cancer?

Loop electrocautery

Radiation therapy for breast cancer (correct)

Cryosurgery

Chemotherapy

Which of the following is NOT a recommended prevention strategy for cervical cancer?

Routine mammograms Signup and view all the answers

What psychosocial aspect should be addressed for a female diagnosed with reproductive cancer?

Support systems and coping mechanisms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common manifestation of breast cancer?

Hair loss Signup and view all the answers

At what age should women begin to get mammograms regularly?

40 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following indicates the presence of lymphedema in a patient after breast surgery?

Fluid accumulation in the arm Signup and view all the answers

Which gene is NOT associated with breast cancer genetic risk?

TP53 Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential side effect of Tamoxifen?

Increased risk of endometrial cancer Signup and view all the answers

What post-operative position should a patient be placed in after a mastectomy?

On the unaffected side Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true regarding the breast reconstruction process?

A tissue expander can be placed during the original procedure Signup and view all the answers

What should a patient with lymphedema avoid doing?

Heavy lifting Signup and view all the answers

Which chemotherapy agent is known for its vesicant properties?

Doxorubicin Signup and view all the answers

What should NOT be done on the side of a mastectomy?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of these treatment options is used for hormone therapy in breast cancer?

Leuprolide Signup and view all the answers

What is the best timing for performing breast self-exams?

One week after menstruation Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate follow-up after the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene test?

Consult about preventive mastectomy Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the early symptoms that can indicate endometrial cancer?

Postmenopausal bleeding Signup and view all the answers

Which lifestyle factor is known to significantly increase the risk of endometrial cancer?

Obesity Signup and view all the answers

What is a common postoperative symptom that may occur after a hysterectomy?

Light vaginal bleeding for 24 hours Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is regarded as a common diagnostic tool for detecting ovarian cancer?

CA 125 blood test Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT considered a contributing factor for ovarian cancer?

Regular exercise Signup and view all the answers

During the postoperative recovery period, which explanation should be included by the nurse for a patient after a hysterectomy?

Surgical menopause will occur. Signup and view all the answers

What is an early symptom often associated with ovarian cancer?

Abdominal bloating Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a recommended nursing intervention post-hysterectomy?

Encourage the use of the incentive spirometer Signup and view all the answers

What defines the term 'silent killer' in the context of ovarian cancer?

Early symptoms are often not apparent. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a preventive teaching strategy for breast cancer?

Promote regular breast self-examinations. Signup and view all the answers

When is the ideal time for a female to perform a breast self-examination (BSE)?

After menstruation (day 5 to 7) Signup and view all the answers

What nursing intervention is important for patients undergoing internal radiation therapy for pelvic cancer?

Inform about possible infertility risks. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of depression experienced after a hysterectomy?

Feelings of sadness or hopelessness Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cervical Cancer

Originates in cervical tissue; major contributing factors include HPV, multiple sexual partners, early sexual activity, immunosuppression, and cigarette smoking.
Symptoms may include abnormal bleeding and pelvic pain; diagnostic tools include Pap tests and HPV DNA blood tests.
Treatment options: Conization, laser surgery, cryosurgery, hysterectomy, radiation, and chemotherapy.
Prevention strategies: Delay initial intercourse, avoid smoking, practice safe sex, and receive the Gardasil vaccine.

Endometrial Cancer

Often detected early due to symptoms like abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially postmenopausal bleeding.
Contributing factors: obesity (increases risk three-fold), nulliparity, and late menopause.
Diagnosis via endometrial biopsy; no specific screening recommended.
Collaborative treatment includes hysterectomy, radiation, and X-ray therapy; nursing interventions emphasize grief assessment and pre-/post-operative care.

Internal Radiation Therapy

Important to inform patients about potential sexual health impacts and fertility options prior to radiation treatment.

Hysterectomy

Second most common surgery in women; types include abdominal, vaginal, and laparoscopic procedures.
Post-operative care: Typical light vaginal bleeding for 24 hours; monitor for menopausal symptoms if ovaries are removed. Key practices include incentive spirometry and early mobilization.

Ovarian Cancer

Characterized by cancerous growth from ovarian tissue; risk factors include age over 40, nulliparity, family history, and hormone replacement therapy.
Symptoms are often subtle and may include pressure or pain in abdominal/pelvic regions and gastrointestinal changes.
Diagnostic screening includes CA-125 blood test and pelvic exams; treatment typically involves surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.

Breast Cancer

Abnormal growth of breast tissue with risk factors including family history, early menarche, late menopause, and lifestyle factors.
Preventive measures: Regular screening through mammograms, annual clinical breast exams, and monthly self-exams.
Symptoms include palpable lumps, breast changes (thickening, dimpling), and nipple discharge.
Diagnostic procedures include mammograms and BRCA gene testing.

Treatment Modalities for Breast Cancer

Options include chemotherapy (e.g., Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin), radiation, and various surgical approaches (mastectomy).
Hormone therapy options include tamoxifen and Raloxifene, with specific side effects and indications.

Psychosocial Aspects

Women diagnosed with reproductive cancers may face anxiety, depression, and body image issues.
Nursing intervention should include psychological support and education about treatment effects.

Lymphedema Post-Surgery

Accumulation of lymph fluid can occur after lymph node excision; important to avoid blood draws and BPs on the affected side.
Preventative measures include elevation of the arm, avoiding heavy lifting, and wearing compression garments.

Breast Reconstruction

Can occur during mastectomy or later; techniques include tissue expanders, saline/silicone implants, and tissue flap surgery.
Post-mastectomy counseling is important for body image and expectations about healing and recovery.

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Description

This quiz covers the nursing process applied to female cancers including cervical, endometrial, ovarian, and breast cancers. It includes pre-and post-operative care for patients undergoing hysterectomy, comparisons of breast disorders, and evidence-based guidelines for breast cancer detection. Additionally, the quiz explores safety measures for patients undergoing internal radiation and treatment modalities for breast cancer.