Podcast
Questions and Answers
Normal systolic blood pressure is typically around ______ mmHg.
Normal systolic blood pressure is typically around ______ mmHg.
120
A normal diastolic blood pressure reading is ______ mmHg.
A normal diastolic blood pressure reading is ______ mmHg.
80
A healthy heart rate typically ranges from ______ to 100 bpm.
A healthy heart rate typically ranges from ______ to 100 bpm.
60
The normal respiratory rate for an adult is between 12 and ______ breaths/min.
The normal respiratory rate for an adult is between 12 and ______ breaths/min.
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Normal body temperature usually falls between ______ and 99°F.
Normal body temperature usually falls between ______ and 99°F.
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A healthy oxygen saturation level is typically between 95% and ______%.
A healthy oxygen saturation level is typically between 95% and ______%.
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Intradermal injections are usually administered at a ______ to 15° angle.
Intradermal injections are usually administered at a ______ to 15° angle.
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Subcutaneous injections are typically given at a ______° angle.
Subcutaneous injections are typically given at a ______° angle.
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Intramuscular injections are usually administered at a ______° angle.
Intramuscular injections are usually administered at a ______° angle.
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Intravenous injections are commonly given at a ______° angle.
Intravenous injections are commonly given at a ______° angle.
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The normal Na+ value is ______.
The normal Na+ value is ______.
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A potassium (K+) level of ______ indicates muscle weakness and cramps.
A potassium (K+) level of ______ indicates muscle weakness and cramps.
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The inverse relationship occurs when ↑Ca+ leads to ↓______.
The inverse relationship occurs when ↑Ca+ leads to ↓______.
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1 mg is equivalent to ______ mcg.
1 mg is equivalent to ______ mcg.
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The classic sign and symptom of ______ is change of LOC, agitation, and restlessness.
The classic sign and symptom of ______ is change of LOC, agitation, and restlessness.
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The peak insulin action for Humulin R is ______ hours.
The peak insulin action for Humulin R is ______ hours.
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A basic metabolic panel (BMP) includes sodium (Na), potassium (K), and ______.
A basic metabolic panel (BMP) includes sodium (Na), potassium (K), and ______.
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Hypernatremia may result in ______ from fluid depletion.
Hypernatremia may result in ______ from fluid depletion.
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In an arterial blood gas (ABG) test, the normal pH range is between ______ and ______.
In an arterial blood gas (ABG) test, the normal pH range is between ______ and ______.
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1 oz is equal to ______ mL.
1 oz is equal to ______ mL.
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Normal heart rate (hr) is typically between 60 and ______ bpm.
Normal heart rate (hr) is typically between 60 and ______ bpm.
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Oxygen saturation levels for healthy individuals usually range from 95% to ______.
Oxygen saturation levels for healthy individuals usually range from 95% to ______.
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Intradermal injections are typically administered at an angle of ______ to 15°.
Intradermal injections are typically administered at an angle of ______ to 15°.
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Subcutaneous injections are generally given at a ______° angle.
Subcutaneous injections are generally given at a ______° angle.
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Intramuscular injections are commonly administered at a ______° angle.
Intramuscular injections are commonly administered at a ______° angle.
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The normal respiratory rate (rr) for adults is between 12 and ______ breaths/min.
The normal respiratory rate (rr) for adults is between 12 and ______ breaths/min.
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A normal body temperature typically ranges from 97.8°F to ______.
A normal body temperature typically ranges from 97.8°F to ______.
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Intravenous (IV) injections are usually given at a _____° angle.
Intravenous (IV) injections are usually given at a _____° angle.
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When patients know you are taking their respirations, they may breathe ______.
When patients know you are taking their respirations, they may breathe ______.
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The normal value for sodium (Na+) is ______.
The normal value for sodium (Na+) is ______.
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A potassium (K+) level of 5.0 indicates ______ and cramps.
A potassium (K+) level of 5.0 indicates ______ and cramps.
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Change of LOC, agitation, and restlessness are classic signs of ______.
Change of LOC, agitation, and restlessness are classic signs of ______.
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For 1 g of a substance, it is equivalent to ______ mg.
For 1 g of a substance, it is equivalent to ______ mg.
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The inverse relationship occurs when ↑Ca+ leads to ↓______.
The inverse relationship occurs when ↑Ca+ leads to ↓______.
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Normal blood pressure readings can change at a level of ______.
Normal blood pressure readings can change at a level of ______.
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A basic metabolic panel (BMP) includes sodium (Na), potassium (K), and ______.
A basic metabolic panel (BMP) includes sodium (Na), potassium (K), and ______.
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Hypotonic solutions can include 0.225 saline (1/4 NS) and ______.
Hypotonic solutions can include 0.225 saline (1/4 NS) and ______.
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The peak insulin action for Novolog is approximately ______ hours.
The peak insulin action for Novolog is approximately ______ hours.
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Edema may occur in areas that have pitting edema, which can leak fluid out directly through the ______.
Edema may occur in areas that have pitting edema, which can leak fluid out directly through the ______.
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Chloride (Cl) normal values typically range between ______ and 105.
Chloride (Cl) normal values typically range between ______ and 105.
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Normal phosphate (Phos) values range from ______ to 4.5.
Normal phosphate (Phos) values range from ______ to 4.5.
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The ______ chart is used for monitoring pulse criteria.
The ______ chart is used for monitoring pulse criteria.
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For the arterial blood gas (ABG) test, the normal PO2 value range is between ______ and 100.
For the arterial blood gas (ABG) test, the normal PO2 value range is between ______ and 100.
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A normal respiratory rate for adults is typically between 12 and ______ breaths/min.
A normal respiratory rate for adults is typically between 12 and ______ breaths/min.
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Subcutaneous injections are commonly administered at a ______ angle.
Subcutaneous injections are commonly administered at a ______ angle.
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Intravenous (IV) injections are generally given at a ______ degree angle.
Intravenous (IV) injections are generally given at a ______ degree angle.
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Intramuscular (IM) injections are usually administered at a ______ degree angle.
Intramuscular (IM) injections are usually administered at a ______ degree angle.
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The normal body temperature typically falls between 97.8°F and ______.
The normal body temperature typically falls between 97.8°F and ______.
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Oxygen saturation levels for healthy individuals usually range from 95% to ______.
Oxygen saturation levels for healthy individuals usually range from 95% to ______.
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The angle for intradermal (ID) injections is typically between 10 and ______ degrees.
The angle for intradermal (ID) injections is typically between 10 and ______ degrees.
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Normal blood pressure is classified with a systolic reading of 120 mmHg and a diastolic reading of ______ mmHg.
Normal blood pressure is classified with a systolic reading of 120 mmHg and a diastolic reading of ______ mmHg.
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The normal value for potassium (K+) is ______.
The normal value for potassium (K+) is ______.
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Muscle weakness and cramps can be signs of ______ deficiency.
Muscle weakness and cramps can be signs of ______ deficiency.
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The classic sign and symptom of ______ is diarrhea and muscle weakness.
The classic sign and symptom of ______ is diarrhea and muscle weakness.
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A normal sodium (Na+) value typically ranges from ______ to 145.
A normal sodium (Na+) value typically ranges from ______ to 145.
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Normal chloride (Cl) values usually range between ______ and 105.
Normal chloride (Cl) values usually range between ______ and 105.
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The normal pH range for arterial blood gas (ABG) is between ______ and 7.45.
The normal pH range for arterial blood gas (ABG) is between ______ and 7.45.
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Positive Trousseau’s sign is indicative of ______.
Positive Trousseau’s sign is indicative of ______.
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A basic metabolic panel (BMP) includes glucose, sodium, potassium, and ______.
A basic metabolic panel (BMP) includes glucose, sodium, potassium, and ______.
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The peak insulin action for Glargine is ______ hours.
The peak insulin action for Glargine is ______ hours.
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Intravenous injections are usually administered at a ______° angle.
Intravenous injections are usually administered at a ______° angle.
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Commonly used isotonic solutions include normal saline and ______ Ringer's.
Commonly used isotonic solutions include normal saline and ______ Ringer's.
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Fluid maintenance can be achieved using ______ solutions.
Fluid maintenance can be achieved using ______ solutions.
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The normal range for magnesium (Mg) is ______ to 2.5.
The normal range for magnesium (Mg) is ______ to 2.5.
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Change of LOC and agitation can be classic signs of ______ imbalance.
Change of LOC and agitation can be classic signs of ______ imbalance.
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For an intravenous solution, 1 L is equivalent to ______ mL.
For an intravenous solution, 1 L is equivalent to ______ mL.
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Study Notes
Normal Vital Signs
- Blood Pressure (BP): Systolic 120 mmHg, Diastolic 80 mmHg
- Heart Rate (HR): 60-100 bpm
- Respiratory Rate (RR): 12-20 breaths/minute
- Temperature (T): 97.8-99°F (36.5-37.2°C)
- Oxygen (O2): 95-100%
Parenteral Administration
- Intradermal (ID): 10-15°
- Subcutaneous (SUBQ): Normal/overweight 90°, Thin 45°
- Intramuscular (IM): 90°
- Intravenous (IV): 25°
Electrolytes
-
Sodium (Na+): Normal 135-145 mEq/L
- <135: Seizures, nausea, lethargy
-
145: Change of LOC, agitation, restlessness
-
Potassium (K+): Normal 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
- <3.5: Thready, weak, irregular pulse, anxiety
-
5.0: Muscle weakness and cramps
-
Phosphorus (Phos): Normal 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
- <2.5: Change of LOC, numbness, weakening of the bones
-
4.5: Diarrhea, Muscle weakness, ↓DTR
-
Calcium (Ca+): Normal 9-11 mg/dL
- <9: Tetany, Positive Trousseau's, Positive Chvostek's Signs
-
11: Bone pain, kidney stones, muscle weakness
-
Magnesium (Mg+): Normal 1.5-2.5 mg/dL
- <1.5: Increased everything (BP, HR, RR, ↑DTR)
-
2.5: Decreased everything (BP, HR, RR, ↓DTR, energy)
Insulin
- Generic names: Lispro, Aspart, Glulisine, Glargine, Regular, NPH, Detemir
- Brand names: Humalog, Novolog, Apidra, Humulin R, Novolin R, Humulin N, Novolin N, Lantus, Levemir
- Onset, Peak, and Duration vary by type.
IV Fluids
- Examples: 5% saline, 3% saline, Isotonic (5% dextrose in 0.9% saline (D5NS), 5% dextrose in 0.45% saline (D5 1/2 NS), 5% dextrose in LR (D5LR), 10% dextrose in water (D10W), 0.9% sodium chloride (NS), 5% dextrose in water (D5W), Lactated Ringers (LR).
- Hypotonic: 0.33% saline (1/3 NS), 0.225 saline (1/4 NS)
- Used For: Cerebral edema, Hyponatremia, Metabolic alkalosis, Maintenance fluid, Hypovolemia, Blood loss, Dehydration, Fluids maintenance.
Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)
- Includes sodium (Na), potassium (K), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), and glucose.
Coagulation Tests
- Prothrombin time (PT), International Normalized Ratio (INR), Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
Liver Panel
- Includes bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), etc., indicators of Liver function.
Pulse Chart
- 0: Pulse absent
- 1+: Diminished
- 2+: Normal
- 3+: Full
- 4+: Bounding, strong
Charting Muscle Strength
- 0: No muscle movement
- 1+: Muscle movement w/o joint motion
- 2+: Moves with gravity eliminated
- 3+: Moves against gravity but not resistant
- 4+: Moves against gravity and light resistance
- 5+: Normal Strength
Edema
- 0: No response
- 1+: Trace Mild swelling
- 2+: Mild
- 3+: Moderate Deep indentation remains for a short time
- 4+: Severe Very deep indentation that lasts a long time
- Weeping edema: Areas that have pitting edema can leak fluid out directly from the skin
Reflexes
- 0: No response ABSENT
- 1+: Present, but sluggish or diminished
- 2+: Active or expected response NORMAL
- 3+: More brisk than excited; hyperactive
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Description
Test your knowledge on vital signs and normal lab values with this quiz. Questions cover topics such as blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and injection techniques. Perfect for nursing students and health professionals who want to refresh their foundational knowledge.