Nursing Assessment and Care Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Based on the provided vital signs, which of the following is most likely a concern for the patient?

  • The patient is experiencing a normal blood pressure reading for their age.
  • The patient might be experiencing respiratory distress. (correct)
  • The patient is experiencing a normal temperature reading.
  • The patient might be experiencing an electrolyte imbalance.
  • Which of the following laboratory results indicates potential kidney dysfunction?

  • Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 23 mg/dL (correct)
  • Aspartate aminotransferase of 38 units/L
  • Creatinine of 1.2 mg/dL (correct)
  • Lactate dehydrogenase of 220 units/L
  • Which laboratory result is consistent with a potential bleeding disorder?

  • Fibrinogen of 500 mg/dL
  • Hemoglobin of 12.5 g/dL
  • Platelet count of 98,000/mm3 (correct)
  • Hematocrit of 37%
  • Which of the following actions should be taken when a patient is being treated with phototherapy for jaundice?

    <p>Monitoring infant's temperature to prevent hyperthermia. (A), Keeping the infant's head covered with a cap to prevent heat loss. (B), Covering the infant's eyes to protect them from the light. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is providing care to a client who is 30 weeks pregnant and reports headache, nausea, vomiting, and right upper abdominal pain. The client is alert and oriented but appears restless. Which of the following findings should the nurse prioritize for immediate follow-up?

    <p>The client's report of right upper abdominal pain. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who will undergo an electroencephalogram (EEG) about the procedure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

    <p>Instruct the parents to ensure the child's hair is clean and free of conditioner before the procedure. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is preparing to administer three medications to a client receiving continuous enteral feeding through an NG tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse prioritize?

    <p>Use a syringe to allow the medications to flow by gravity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following client findings should the nurse anticipate?

    <p>Raised facial rash (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is planning care for a client scheduled to have a paracentesis. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

    <p>Instruct the client to empty her bladder prior to the procedure. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is postoperative after carpal tunnel syndrome surgery. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

    <p>I will need to keep my hand elevated above my heart for several days. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a client who is 30 weeks pregnant and reports headache, nausea, vomiting, and right upper abdominal pain. The client is alert and oriented but appears restless. Which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse prioritize?

    <p>Obtain vital signs including blood pressure and temperature. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is postoperative after carpal tunnel syndrome surgery. Which of the following is MOST important to emphasize when teaching the client about hand care?

    <p>Wear a splint as prescribed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a client who has experienced a stillbirth. Which of the following actions should the nurse take during the initial grieving process?

    <p>Offer to take pictures of the newborn for the client. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is providing teaching to an older adult client who has a seizure disorder and a new prescription for phenytoin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

    <p>Plan to take this medication with food. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

    <p>Prealbumin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is receiving change-of-shift report for a group of clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse plan to assess first?

    <p>A client who has a hip fracture and a new onset of tachypnea. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse in the emergency department is receiving report on a group of clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse assess first?

    <p>A client who has a new onset of atrial fibrillation and a heart rate of 160/min (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a continuous intravenous infusion of heparin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

    <p>Monitor the client's partial thromboplastin time (PTT) every 6 hours. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is providing care to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

    <p>Monitor blood glucose levels before each meal and at bedtime. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a client who is 24 hr postoperative following a total hip replacement. Which of the following should the nurse assess first?

    <p>Respiratory rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a client who is 4 days postpartum following a cesarean birth. Which of the following assessment findings is most consistent with endometritis?

    <p>The client reports pain in the lower abdomen and has a temperature of 101.2°F (38.4°C). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a client who is 4 days postpartum following a cesarean birth. Which of the following assessment findings is least consistent with mastitis?

    <p>The client reports a headache and body aches. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a client who is 4 days postpartum following a cesarean birth and has a fever of 100.4°F (38°C). Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

    <p>Notify the provider of the client's fever. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a client who is 4 days postpartum following a cesarean birth and has a fever of 100.4°F (38°C). What additional information should the nurse gather to help determine the cause of the client's fever?

    <p>The client's breast and abdominal pain. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a client who has left shoulder pain and S-T elevation on a 12-lead ECG. Which of the following conditions should the nurse suspect as the most likely cause of these symptoms?

    <p>Acute myocardial infarction (AMI). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a client who is in active labor. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?

    <p>FHR baseline 170/min (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a client who is in a coma and is scheduled for a surgical procedure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

    <p>Determine if the client's health care surrogate is aware of the risks and benefits of the procedure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is admitting a client who is 1 week postpartum and reports excessive vaginal bleeding. The client's partner and 10-year-old child are accompanying her. The nurse speaks a different language than the client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to gather the client's admission data?

    <p>Request a female interpreter through the facility. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following assessment findings in the client are MOST consistent with preeclampsia? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Deep tendon reflex 3+ bilaterally (A), Right upper abdominal pain (B), 1+ dependent edema noted bilaterally (D), 0.68 kg (1.5 lb) weight gain in one week (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize based on the client's vital signs and laboratory results? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Monitor blood pressure (C), Prepare for delivery (G)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following laboratory results is MOST concerning and would require immediate intervention by the nurse?

    <p>Platelet count 98,000/mm3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate action for a nurse to take when she notices a prolapsed umbilical cord during labor?

    <p>Place the client in Trendelenburg position. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse not include in the discharge teaching for a client with chronic kidney disease receiving hemodialysis?

    <p>Consume foods high in potassium. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the potential implications for the client and fetus of increasing blood pressure in a pregnant woman with preeclampsia? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Placental abruption (A), Fetal growth restriction (B), Premature delivery (C), Eclampsia (D), Fetal demise (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A school nurse is teaching a parent about absence seizures. Which statement indicates a misunderstanding of the information presented?

    <p>The child usually has an aura prior to onset. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nursing interventions would be appropriate to address the client's current complaint of headache? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Contact the healthcare provider for a prescription for a more potent medication (A), Elevate the head of the bed (C), Apply a cold compress to the forehead (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What client statement indicates a proper understanding of infection prevention during pregnancy?

    <p>I should wash my hands for 10 seconds with hot water after working in the garden. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nursing interventions is likely to be most effective for the client's report of nausea and vomiting? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Administer an antiemetic (A), Avoid spicy and fatty foods (C), Encourage frequent small meals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following responsibilities of a nurse at an HIV clinic is considered tertiary prevention?

    <p>Using an electronic messaging system to remind clients when to take medications. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Given the client's assessment findings, which of the following actions should the nurse prioritize after the initial vital signs and assessments?

    <p>Increase fetal heart rate monitoring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medical conditions in the client's adult child would be considered a contraindication to becoming a living kidney donor for their parent?

    <p>Obesity (B), Hypertension (D), Diabetes (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a new parent about breastfeeding. Which statement should the nurse avoid making?

    <p>Limit the time your infant feeds to 10 minutes on each breast. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information about increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is incorrect?

    <p>ICP is often associated with a decrease in heart rate. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is the best way to help a breastfeeding mother determine when to offer her infant the breast?

    <p>Feed on demand, noting cues like rooting, sucking, and crying. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Stillbirth nursing action

    Offer to take pictures of the newborn for the client during grieving.

    Phenytoin teaching

    Instruct clients to take phenytoin with food to reduce gastrointestinal upset.

    Urine specific gravity

    A nursing finding indicating concentrated urine, report if above normal range.

    Assessing client priorities

    Plan to assess the client with new onset tachypnea first.

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    Infection control factors

    Identify factors that may contribute to increased infections.

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    Epidural analgesia assessment

    Assess clients with weakness post-epidural, as it may cause complications.

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    Change-of-shift report

    Review key client conditions before taking over care.

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    Clostridium difficile caution

    Assess clients for symptoms and complications linked to C. diff infections.

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    EEG preparation

    Before an EEG, ensure the child's hair is clean and free of conditioner.

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    Administering medications via NG tube

    Flush the NG tube with 15-30 mL water between medications to avoid reactions.

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    Systemic lupus erythematosus symptom

    Expected finding includes a raised facial rash in clients with lupus.

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    Paracentesis preparation

    Clients should empty their bladder before a paracentesis procedure.

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    Postoperative care for carpal tunnel syndrome

    Client should keep their hand elevated above the heart for several days post-surgery.

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    Carpal tunnel recovery time

    The affected hand should not be used for 4 to 6 weeks after surgery.

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    Signs requiring follow-up in pregnancy

    Headache, nausea, vomiting, and right upper abdominal pain are signs needing follow-up.

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    Restlessness in pregnancy

    A restless state in a pregnant client could indicate distress and should be monitored.

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    Left shoulder pain with S-T elevation

    Indicates possible cardiac issues; can suggest myocardial infarction.

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    Orthostatic hypotension

    A drop in blood pressure upon standing, causing dizziness.

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    Child with migraine headaches

    Nurse's priority is to assess pain and patterns before intervention.

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    Abnormal fetal heart rate (FHR)

    A baseline FHR of 170/min indicates potential distress in labor.

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    Communication with non-English speaking client

    Use professional interpreters to ensure understanding and safety.

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    Informed consent for surgery

    Ensure client's health care surrogate understands risks and benefits.

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    Refusal of blood transfusion

    Client's right to refuse treatment must be documented.

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    Postpartum assessment for infections

    Assess symptoms like body aches and chills to differentiate infections.

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    Gravida 1 Para 0

    A woman who is pregnant for the first time and has not yet delivered.

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    Facial Edema

    Swelling of the face often linked to fluid retention or high blood pressure during pregnancy.

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    3+ Deep Tendon Reflex (DTR)

    An exaggerated reflex reaction indicating possible neurological or metabolic issues.

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    Blood Pressure 148/94 mm Hg

    Elevated blood pressure that may indicate hypertension, particularly in pregnancy.

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    Living Kidney Donor

    A person giving a kidney to a recipient while still alive; must meet health criteria.

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    Newborn Genetic Screening

    Testing performed on newborns to detect genetic disorders early.

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    Urinalysis Protein Level

    Measurement of protein in urine, where elevated levels may indicate kidney issues in pregnancy.

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    Amniocentesis Preparation

    A procedure to obtain amniotic fluid for testing, often performed when fetal abnormalities are suspected.

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    Tertiary prevention

    Interventions aimed at reducing the impact of an already established disease.

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    Breastfeeding initiation

    Start breastfeeding when the infant shows signs of hunger.

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    Understanding of infection prevention

    Recognizing which activities are safe during pregnancy related to infections.

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    Absence seizures

    Type of seizure that may appear as daydreaming, often lasting 30-60 seconds.

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    Chronic kidney disease management

    Dietary instruction for clients to manage kidney health, including protein intake.

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    Prolapsed umbilical cord action

    Positioning to relieve cord compression in labor.

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    Renal diet considerations

    Understanding limitations on potassium intake in chronic kidney disease.

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    Post-surgery care plan

    Steps to take following open gastric bypass surgery for recovery and health.

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    Vital Signs at 1100

    Temperature 37° C, HR 92/min, RR 24/min, BP 156/96 mm Hg, O2 sat 94%.

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    Laboratory Results WBC Count

    WBC count at 1100 was 12,500 mm3, within normal limits (5,000 to 15,000 mm3).

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    Platelet Count Abnormality

    Platelet count was low at 98,000/mm3 (Normal: 150,000 to 400,000/mm3).

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    Nursing Tasks for Newborn with Jaundice

    The nurse should ensure the newborn wears a diaper during phototherapy.

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    Borderline Personality Disorder

    Characteristics include impulsive behavior and possible self-harm.

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    Skin Turgor Assessment Area

    For older adults, assess skin turgor on the neck.

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    Dietary Recommendation IBS

    Advise to consume foods high in bran fiber for irritable bowel syndrome.

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    Nursing Tasks for Assistive Personnel (AP)

    Nurses can assign basic tasks like monitoring vital signs to AP.

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    Study Notes

    Weight Loss Percentage Calculation

    • A nurse is assessing a client who lost 6.8 kg (15 lb) from an initial weight of 90.7 kg (200 lb)
    • The weight loss is calculated as 7.5% of the client's total initial weight.

    Thyroid Storm Priority

    • A client with Graves' disease is experiencing a thyroid storm.
    • The priority action for the nurse is to provide a cooling blanket.

    Sertraline Adverse Effects

    • Sertraline is a medication, and a nurse should be aware of possible adverse effects.
    • A possible adverse effect of sertraline is excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis).

    Computerized Documentation System

    • A nurse should be aware of the facility's computerized documentation system for sensitive information.
    • Nurses should not document sensitive material themselves.
    • Nurses should be aware of the importance of changing their passwords regularly.

    Client Plan of Care

    • Nurses should include specific actions in a client's plan of care as appropriate.
    • This section is not complete and needs more information to be meaningful.

    Vital Signs (Example)

    • Temperature: 37.4 degrees Celsius (99.3 degrees Fahrenheit)
    • Heart rate: 90 beats per minute
    • Respiratory rate: 20 breaths per minute
    • Blood pressure: 148/94 mmHg
    • Oxygen saturation: 95% on room air

    Laboratory Results (Example)

    • White blood cell (WBC) count: 12,500 mm3 (normal range: 5,000 to 15,000 mm3)
    • Hemoglobin: 12.5 g/dL (normal range: 11 g/dL to 16 g/dL)
    • Hematocrit: 37% (normal range: 33% to 47%)
    • Platelet count: 98,000/mm3 (normal range: 150,000 to 400,000/mm3)
    • Fibrinogen: 500 mg/dL (normal range: 200 to 400 mg/dL)
    • Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): 23 mg/dL (normal range: 10 to 20 mg/dL)
    • Creatinine: 1.2 mg/dL (normal range: 0.5 to 1.0 mg/dL)

    Personality Disorders (Borderline)

    • Borderline personality disorder is characterized by several traits
    • Impulsivity, difficulty regulating emotions (emotional lability)
    • Clinginess to others, a tendency to act seductively
    • Client behavior may not correctly reflect the disorder.
    • Client behavior may not consistently reflect the disorder.

    Jaundice in Newborns (Example)

    • A 1-day-old newborn with jaundice receiving phototherapy.
    • Keep the infant's head covered with a cap (protective measure) avoid application of lotion every 4 hours.

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    Description

    This quiz evaluates nursing knowledge related to vital signs assessment, interpretation of laboratory results, patient care procedures, and education for families regarding medical procedures. It covers critical thinking in clinical scenarios, emphasizing the priority actions for various conditions.

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