Nursing and Disease Classifications Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of disease is characterized by disturbances in the body's metabolic processes?

  • Hereditary
  • Metabolic (correct)
  • Congenital
  • Deficiency
  • Which of the following classifications of diseases is NOT based on the etiologic factors?

  • Chronic (correct)
  • Allergic
  • Neoplastic
  • Hereditary
  • What is the definition of an exacerbation in a chronic illness?

  • The disease is controlled.
  • The disease is completely cured.
  • The disease is in its initial stages.
  • The disease becomes more active again. (correct)
  • Which of the following diseases is NOT classified as a functional disease?

    <p>Organic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic?

    <p>An epidemic is a local outbreak, while a pandemic is a global outbreak. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an iatrogenic disease?

    <p>A disease caused by medical treatment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for disease?

    <p>Gender (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common cause of disease?

    <p>Inherited genetic defects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Florence Nightingale, what term did she use to refer to a person receiving care?

    <p>Patient (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing theorist emphasizes the interconnectedness of the body, mind, and soul in a person?

    <p>Martha Rogers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing theorist views a person as a 'unitary human being' with a continuous capacity for self-care?

    <p>Dorothea Orem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing theorist emphasizes the person's ability to make rational decisions in most situations?

    <p>Sister Callista Roy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which definition of health aligns with the World Health Organization (WHO) definition?

    <p>Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing theorist views health as a state that is culturally defined and practiced?

    <p>Sister Callista Roy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which definition best describes illness according to the content?

    <p>A state where someone's physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired compared to their previous experience. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is 'disease' differentiated from 'illness' in the content?

    <p>Disease is a physical alteration, while illness is a subjective experience. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fields of nursing requires a Master's Degree and advanced education in Pharmacology and physical assessment?

    <p>Independent Nursing Practice/APRN (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a Nurse Educator?

    <p>Working in schools of nursing, staff development departments, and patient education departments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the philosophy of life in nursing?

    <p>To promote personal growth and shape moral values that guide nursing care. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a core role of an Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN)?

    <p>Certified Nurse Tutor (CNT) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hospitals was originally established to care for Spanish soldiers but also admitted Spanish civilians?

    <p>Hospital Real de Manila (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary function of the Hospital de Indio?

    <p>To provide care for the indigenous population, funded through charitable donations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key element of the personal qualities of a nurse?

    <p>A well-developed sense of empathy and compassion. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary roles of a Nurse Researcher?

    <p>Conducting research to analyze and improve patient care. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of transpersonal caring in nursing practice?

    <p>Focusing on the individual's spiritual and emotional well-being. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, which of the following is NOT one of the six Cs of caring?

    <p>Confidence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of communication in nursing practice?

    <p>A tool to build effective patient-nurse relationships. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of "no decision about me without me" in relation to nursing communication?

    <p>Patients should always be consulted and involved in their care decisions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is courage considered an essential element of caring in nursing?

    <p>To advocate for patients' needs and speak up when necessary. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a way caring in nursing practice benefits both the nurse and the patient?

    <p>Focuses on the nurse's own personal needs and desires. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the value of providing presence for a patient?

    <p>Being fully engaged with the patient, both physically and emotionally. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of communication in nursing practice?

    <p>To establish and maintain a therapeutic relationship with patients. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a fundamental characteristic of a profession?

    <p>Profit-driven motivation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a case manager within a healthcare team?

    <p>Coordinating care for a group of patients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a code of ethics in a profession?

    <p>To guide professional conduct and ensure ethical practice (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term "autonomy" refer to in the context of a profession?

    <p>The right to make independent decisions regarding practice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the role of a collaborator in healthcare?

    <p>A team member who works together with others to achieve common goals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a professional quality of a nurse, as described in the content?

    <p>The ability to solve complex mathematical problems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, what is the distinguishing characteristic of nursing as a profession?

    <p>The focus on caring for the patient as an individual (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key aspect of the "service" component of a profession?

    <p>Providing essential services to the public (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the Orientation Phase, what is the primary focus of the nurse-patient relationship?

    <p>Establishing trust and rapport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of providing patient education during the Restoration of Health phase?

    <p>Helping patients regain or maintain their health status (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key aspect of the Working Phase of the nurse-patient relationship?

    <p>Prioritizing the patient's problems and developing a care plan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is family education essential during the Restoration of Health phase?

    <p>Families can assist with home care and provide necessary support for the patient's return to health (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of the Promotion of Health & Illness Prevention phase of patient education?

    <p>Empowering patients to take responsibility for their own health (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the role of therapeutic communication in the Working Phase?

    <p>It helps the nurse and the patient understand each other's perspectives (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key factor in the success of the Teaching-Learning Process?

    <p>The patient's motivation to learn and make changes in their health habits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does patient education contribute to a higher level of wellness?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Concept of MAN

    The foundational component of nursing focusing on the holistic view of individuals as unique beings.

    Holistic Nursing Care

    Care that addresses the individual’s physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health.

    Florence Nightingale’s View

    Nightingale referred to 'Man' as a patient, seen as a holistic unit with interrelated parts.

    Biopsychosocial Model

    A framework that understands individuals as biological, psychological, social, and spiritual beings.

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    Definition of Health (WHO)

    Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely absence of disease.

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    Health as a Right

    Health is viewed as a fundamental human right that should be accessible to everyone.

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    Difference between Illness and Disease

    Illness refers to a personal state of feeling unhealthy, while disease is a physiological alteration.

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    Illness Impacts

    Illness affects physical, emotional, intellectual, social, and spiritual functioning.

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    Biologic Agents

    Microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses that can cause disease.

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    Risk Factors

    Situations or conditions that increase vulnerability to diseases or accidents.

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    Heredity

    Diseases transmitted from parents to offspring due to genetic defects.

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    Acute Illness

    A disease with a short duration and severe symptoms.

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    Chronic Illness

    A long-lasting disease that persists for more than 6 months.

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    Neoplastic Diseases

    Diseases resulting from uncontrolled cell growth, like tumors.

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    Iatrogenic

    Diseases caused by medical treatment or procedures.

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    Income and Social Status

    Factors linked to health outcomes; higher status improves health.

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    Researcher

    Participates in scientific investigations and applies findings in practice.

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    Case Manager

    Coordinates activities of the healthcare team for client care management.

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    Collaborator

    Works with all involved in care delivery to achieve common goals.

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    Nursing as a Profession

    Nursing involves specialized knowledge and standards for public protection, not just skills.

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    Criteria of a Profession

    Includes education, theory, service, autonomy, ethics, and caring as fundamental characteristics.

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    Education in Profession

    An extended education and foundational knowledge are required for professionals.

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    Professional Qualities of a Nurse

    Includes responsibility, critical thinking, communication, and appreciation for health.

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    Code of Ethics

    A set of ethical standards that guide the practice of the profession as a whole.

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    Philosophy of Life

    Basic truths that enhance personal growth and moral values.

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    Good Personality

    Traits that include personal appearance, character, attitude, and charm.

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    Provider of Care

    Nurses who give direct patient care in acute settings.

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    Institutional Nursing

    Direct client care in hospital settings using nursing processes.

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    Independent Nursing Practice/APRN

    Advanced nursing requiring a Master's Degree and certification.

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    Community Health Nursing

    Merges public health sciences with nursing to improve community health.

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    Nurse Educator

    Educators in nursing schools and healthcare training programs.

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    Nurse Researcher

    Develops nursing knowledge through investigating nursing problems.

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    Transpersonal Caring

    Caring that focuses on deeper sources of healing, preserving dignity and harmony.

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    6 C's of Caring

    Key principles: Care, Compassion, Competence, Communication, Courage, Commitment.

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    Compassion

    Caring given through empathy and respect, also known as intelligent kindness.

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    Competence

    The ability to understand health and social needs coupled with technical expertise.

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    Communication

    A process vital to caring relationships, encompassing active listening and information exchange.

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    Courage in Nursing

    The strength to advocate for patients and innovate new practices.

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    Commitment

    Dedication to improving care and experiences for patients and populations.

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    Holistic Caring

    Care that addresses physical, emotional, and spiritual needs, valuing presence and relationship.

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    Orientation Phase

    The initial phase where the nurse and patient meet and establish rapport.

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    Working Phase

    The phase where the nurse and patient collaborate to address problems and set goals.

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    Patient Education

    An essential nursing intervention that empowers patients to manage their health.

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    Health Promotion

    Providing information and skills to help patients adopt healthier behaviors.

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    Restoration of Health

    Helping patients regain health through information and skills.

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    Family Caregivers' Role

    Family members often need education to assist in a patient’s recovery.

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    Rehabilitation

    Teaching new skills for daily living after health setbacks.

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    Therapeutic Communication

    Using specific skills to enhance nurse-patient interactions.

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    Study Notes

    Fundamentals of Nursing Practice

    • This presentation covers the fundamentals of nursing practice, including the concept of man, health, illness, and the health care delivery system.
    • The concept of "MAN" forms the first foundational component of nursing.
    • Understanding "MAN" is essential to provide individualized, holistic, humane, ethical, and quality nursing care.
    • Florence Nightingale viewed the person holistically, considering body, mind, and soul as interconnected.
    • A person is a unitary human being, a unified whole composed of interdependent and interrelated parts.
    • Individuals are unique, holistic, of intrinsic worth, and capable of rational thinking and decision making.
    • Man is a biopsychosocial and spiritual being in constant contact with the environment.
    • Health is a fundamental human right and a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being (WHO, 1947).
    • Health is maintained through prevention of disease by environmental control and social responsibility, and is a state mutually exclusive of illness.
    • Illness is a personal state in which the person feels unhealthy.
    • Illness affects physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning compared with previous experience.
    • Disease is an alteration in body functions resulting in reduction of capacities or a shortening of the normal life span.
    • Common causes of disease include biologic agents, inherited genetic defects, developmental defects, physical agents, chemical agents, tissue response to irritation/injury, faulty chemical/metabolic process, and emotional/physical reaction to stress.
    • Risk factors for disease include genetic and physiological factors (age), environment, and lifestyle.
    • Diseases can be classified according to etiologic factors (heredity, congenital, metabolic, deficiency, traumatic, allergic, neoplastic, idiopathic, and iatrogenic) and duration or onset (acute, chronic, sub-acute, remission, exacerbation).
    • Other classifications include organic, functional, occupational, familial, venereal, epidemic, endemic, pandemic, sporadic.
    • Factors affecting health and illness include income and social status, education, physical environment, social support networks, genetics, personal behavior and coping skills, health services, and gender.
    • The network of health facilities and personnel carries out the task of rendering health care to the public.
    • The Philippine Health Care System is a complex set of organizations interacting to provide an array of health services.
    • Health is a basic human right guaranteed by the Philippine Constitution of 1987.
    • The introduction of social health insurance (PhilHealth) aimed to provide financial risk protection for Filipinos.
    • Private health care companies play a major role in the health sector.
    • The Philippines introduced the Universal Health Care Act in 2013 to ensure health insurance coverage from PHIC, especially for the poor.
    • HMO's offer micro-health plans for the working poor.
    • Essential functions of a health system include service provision, resource generation, financing, and stewardship.

    Concepts of Nursing

    • Nursing is a caring profession practiced with an earnest concern for the art of care and the science of health.
    • The concept of nursing has expanded over time to meet the changing needs of society, leading to expanded career opportunities.
    • Nurses integrate art and science to provide excellent patient care benefiting patients and their families.
    • Professional responsibilities and roles basic to nursing care include autonomy, accountability, caregiver, communicator, educator, advocate, counselor, change agent, leader, manager, researcher, case manager, and collaborator.
    • Autonomy and accountability are essential elements in professional nursing.
    • A nurse's role as a caregiver involves maintaining and regaining health, managing diseases and symptoms, and attaining maximal function and independence.
    • Communication is crucial for all nursing roles. It strengthens nurse-patient relationships.
    • Nurses who act as educators help patients understand health concepts, self-care, and their own progress.
    • Nurses act as advocates, protecting patient's human and legal rights, offering assistance if rights are threatened.
    • Counselors help patients recognize and cope with psychological and social problems while fostering personal relationships and growth.
    • Change agents make necessary modifications in lifestyle decisions for improved health.
    • Leaders help patients in decision-making, goal setting, and well-being improvement.
    • Managers plan, lead, control staff, operations, and administrations, ensuring nursing care for individuals, families, and communities.
    • Researchers play a vital role in scientific investigation, applying research findings in practice.
    • Case managers coordinate the activities of healthcare team members to better manage care of clients.
    • Collaborators work in a combined effort with all those involved in care delivery, developing an acceptable plan to achieve common goals.
    • Nursing is a profession based on special knowledge. It involves rules and standards to protect the public and professionals within the field.
    • Criteria for a profession include education, theory development, service, and autonomy.
    • The core ethical principle in nursing is caring.
    • Professional qualities of a nurse involve faith in democratic values, responsibility towards colleagues, critical thinking skills, communication skills, appreciation for good health, and emotional balance.
    • Nurses should appreciate all aspects of individual patients with regard to their background.
    • Personal qualities of a nurse include a strong philosophy related to life's moral values. Personal appearance, character, attitude, and charm are part of a nurse's good personality.

    Career Development: Fields of Nursing

    • Provider of care: Nurses deliver direct patient care in acute care settings.
    • Institutional nursing (Hospital staff nursing): Provides client care using critical thinking and the nursing process.
    • Independent nursing practice (APRN): Requires a master's degree, advanced education in pharmacology and physical assessment, and certification.
    • Community health nursing: Merges public health principles and professional theories to improve population health.
    • Nurse Educator: Works in schools of nursing, staff development departments, or patient education departments.
    • Nurse Administrator: Manages patient care and specific nursing services within a healthcare agency.
    • Nurse Researcher: Develops and refines nursing knowledge and practice through investigation of nursing problems.

    History of Nursing in the Philippines

    • Early Hospitals: The Hospital Real de Manila (1577), San Lazaro Hospital (1578), Hospital de Indios (1586), Hospital de Aguas Santas (1590), and San Juan de Dios Hospital (1596) were established.
    • Nursing During the Philippine Revolution: Notable nurses like Josephine Bracken, Rosa Sevilla de Alvero, Doña Hilaria de Aguinaldo, Doña Maria Agoncillo de Aguinaldo, Melchora Aquino, Capitan Salome, Agueda Kahabagan, and Trinidad Tecson played crucial roles in supporting wounded soldiers and the community.
    • First Hospitals and Schools of Nursing: The earliest schools include the Iloilo Mission Hospital School of Nursing (1906), St. Paul's Hospital School of Nursing (1907), etc.
    • First Colleges of Nursing: Universities like the University of Santo Tomas College of Nursing (1946), Manila Central University College of Nursing (1947), and the University of the Philippines College of Nursing (1948) established some of the first colleges.
    • Nursing Leaders: Contributions to nursing leadership were made by Anastacia Giron-Tupas, Cesaria Tan, Socorro Sirilan, Rosa Militar, Sor Ricarda Mendoza, Socorro Diaz, and Conchita Ruiz, and others.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on disease classifications, nursing theories, and the definitions related to health and illness. This quiz covers various aspects of nursing, including the distinctions between different types of diseases and theorists' perspectives on care. Engage with essential concepts to enhance your understanding of the field.

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