Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of breathing involves the contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm?
Which type of breathing involves the contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm?
What is exhalation also known as?
What is exhalation also known as?
What does RR stand for in relation to breathing?
What does RR stand for in relation to breathing?
Which factor increases respiration rate and depth due to sympathetic stimulation?
Which factor increases respiration rate and depth due to sympathetic stimulation?
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What is tidal volume defined as?
What is tidal volume defined as?
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What type of breathing involves a large volume of air being inhaled and exhaled, inflating most of the lungs?
What type of breathing involves a large volume of air being inhaled and exhaled, inflating most of the lungs?
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What term describes abnormally slow respirations?
What term describes abnormally slow respirations?
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What is the term for the absence of breathing?
What is the term for the absence of breathing?
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What is the term for breathing that is normal in rate and depth?
What is the term for breathing that is normal in rate and depth?
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What effect does exercise have on respiration?
What effect does exercise have on respiration?
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Study Notes
Nursing Code of Ethics
- Provide ethical standards for professional behavior
- Guide the profession in self-regulation
- Remind nurses of their special responsibility to care for the sick
- Inform the public about the minimum standards of the profession
- Outline the major ethical considerations of the profession
- Practice with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and uniqueness of every individual
- Primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, family group, or community
- Responsible and accountable for individual nursing practice
- Determine the appropriate delegation of tasks consistent with the nurse's obligation to provide optimum patient care
- Owes the same duties to self as well as to others, including the responsibility to preserve integrity and safety
- Participate in establishing, maintaining, and improving the healthcare environment and conditions of employment
Droplet Precautions
- Use for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by respiratory droplets
- Source control: put a mask on the patient
- Ensure appropriate patient placement in a single room if possible
- Use personal protective equipment (PPE) appropriately
- Don mask upon entry into the patient room or patient space
- Limit transport and movement of patients outside of the room to medically-necessary purposes
Methods of Intravenous Infusion
- Large-volume infusion
- Intermittent intravenous infusion (piggyback or tandem setups)
- Volume-controlled infusion (often used for children)
- Intravenous push (IVP) or bolus
- Intermittent injection ports (device)
Vital Signs
- Monitor functions of the body
- Should be a thoughtful, scientific assessment
- Often, someone other than a nurse measures a client's vital signs
- Safest and fastest way to monitor a patient's condition and well-being
- Helps to evaluate responses to intervention
- Subjective data
- RN's responsibility: delegate when stable, review, analyze, interpret, and report
- Assess accuracy of the equipment
- Know the usual range of vital signs
- Know a patient's medical history, therapies, and prescribed medications
- Frequency: doctor's order or institution policy
- Environmental factors
- Analyze results and verify
Pulse
- Factors affecting pulse: age, sex, exercise, fever, medications, hypovolemia/dehydration, stress, position, pathology
- Pulse site: carotid, brachial, radial/ulnar, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis, apical
- Characteristics of pulse:
- Rate: correlates with the first beat felt by fingers
- Rhythm: pattern of expansion and contraction
- Strength of pulsation: gentle, barely, pulse force
Respirations
- Exhalation or expiration: breathing out or the movement of gases from the lungs to the atmosphere
- Costal breathing: involves the external intercostal muscles and other accessory muscles
- Diaphragmatic breathing: involves the contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm
- RR: breaths per minute
- Breathing that is normal in rate/depth: eupnea
- Abnormally slow respirations: bradypnea
- Abnormally fast respirations: tachypnea
- Apnea: absence of breathing
- Factors affecting respirations: exercise, acute pain, anxiety, smoking
- Tidal volume (TV): the amount of air that moves in or out of the lungs with each respiratory cycle
- Hyperventilation: respiratory depth is normal, deep, or shallow
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Description
Test your knowledge on the ethical standards for professional behavior in nursing. Explore the responsibilities nurses have towards patients and the public, while upholding compassion, respect, and dignity in all interactions.
