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Questions and Answers
Which term describes the process of a drug moving from its administration site to the bloodstream?
Which term describes the process of a drug moving from its administration site to the bloodstream?
What is the term for the extent to which a drug becomes available at the site of action after administration?
What is the term for the extent to which a drug becomes available at the site of action after administration?
Which route of administration bypasses the first-pass effect?
Which route of administration bypasses the first-pass effect?
A patient is taking an extended-release oral medication. What is the primary reason for using this dosage form?
A patient is taking an extended-release oral medication. What is the primary reason for using this dosage form?
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A patient is administered intravenous medication. Which pharmacokinetic process is immediately in effect?
A patient is administered intravenous medication. Which pharmacokinetic process is immediately in effect?
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A patient with severe liver impairment may have issues with which of the pharmacokinetic processes?
A patient with severe liver impairment may have issues with which of the pharmacokinetic processes?
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A transdermal patch is used to deliver medication. Which aspect of pharmacokinetics is most relevant to the use of this method?
A transdermal patch is used to deliver medication. Which aspect of pharmacokinetics is most relevant to the use of this method?
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If a patient chews an extended-release tablet, what is the most likely outcome?
If a patient chews an extended-release tablet, what is the most likely outcome?
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Study Notes
Course Information
- Course name: NURS 3113 PHARMACOLOGY
- Topics covered include: Pharmacologic Principles, Over-the-Counter (OTC) Drugs, Herbal and Dietary Supplements
Week 1 Class Objectives
- Understand general pharmacology concepts (pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics)
- Understand various drug dosage forms and their implications for nursing
- Explain how a patient's age affects drug effects and responses
What is Pharmacology?
- Involves drugs and their therapeutic effects on the human body
- Includes aspects of how drugs act, their movement, and ultimate impact.
- Includes visual examples of medicine, a heart, and a syringe
Branches of Pharmacology
- Pharmacogenomics
- Pharmacoceutics
- Pharmacokinetics
- Pharmacodynamics
- Pharmacoeconomics
- Pharmacotherapeutics
- Pharmacognosy
- Toxicology
Pharmaceutics
- Focuses on the design and delivery of drugs
- Includes various dosage forms:
- Tablets
- Capsules
- Liquids
- Powders
- Suspensions
- Transdermal patches
- Injections
Pharmacokinetic Processes
- Absorption: Movement of a drug from the site of administration to the bloodstream
- Distribution: Transportation of a drug via the bloodstream to the site of action
- Metabolism: Alteration of a drug into a more or less active metabolite
- Excretion: Elimination of drugs from the body
Specific Pharmacokinetic Concepts
- Bioavailability: Amount of drug that reaches systemic circulation unchanged
- First-pass effect: Drug metabolism in the liver before it reaches the rest of the body; affects bioavailability
- Routes of administration: Enteral, parenteral, topical are methods of delivering medication to the body
Distribution
- Drug movement through the body influenced by factors such as:
- Extravascular drug movement
- Interactions with other drugs
- Blood-brain barrier, which limits drug entry into the brain
Metabolism
- Process of breaking down or converting drugs via liver (P-450).
- Conversion of drugs to active or inactive forms
Excretion
- Process of removing drugs from the body
- Methods include kidney excretion, bile excretion, and others
- Important concepts like half-life, peak, and trough levels
Pharmacodynamics
- How drugs interact with their target sites (receptors or enzymes) and produce effects
- Includes mechanisms of action, receptor interaction types, and enzyme-based effects
Pharmacotherapeutics
- Clinical use of drugs
- Includes contraindications, possible treatment options, and monitoring
Over-the-Counter (OTC) and Herbal/Dietary Supplements
- Chapter 7 outlines safe use, concerns, education, and communication with PCPs related to OTC & herbal/dietary supplements
- Importance of communication with a PCP for medication safety when taking other drugs, supplements, or herbs
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Description
This quiz covers the foundational principles of pharmacology, including essential concepts such as pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Students will explore the impact of drug dosage forms on nursing practice and how patient age influences drug effects. Test your understanding of these vital pharmacologic concepts and their clinical applications.
