Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the three phases of perioperative patient care?
What are the three phases of perioperative patient care?
- Preassessment, intraoperative, immediate postoperative
- Preoperative, intraoperative, preassessment
- Preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative (correct)
- Preoperative, surgical, postoperative
Which of the following best describes informed consent in the surgical context?
Which of the following best describes informed consent in the surgical context?
- A form that is signed post-operatively
- An informal discussion that suffices without signatures
- A verbal agreement without documentation
- A legal and ethical requirement that ensures patient understanding (correct)
Which of the following is NOT a part of the preoperative nursing measures?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the preoperative nursing measures?
- Assessing the patient's medical history
- Establishing baseline vitals
- Preparation of the surgical instruments (correct)
- Patient education on postoperative care
What type of anesthesia would most likely allow a patient to remain awake but pain-free during a surgical procedure?
What type of anesthesia would most likely allow a patient to remain awake but pain-free during a surgical procedure?
Which role is primarily focused on patient safety during the intraoperative period?
Which role is primarily focused on patient safety during the intraoperative period?
What is the primary focus of the post anesthesia care unit nurse?
What is the primary focus of the post anesthesia care unit nurse?
Which of the following is a principle of surgical asepsis?
Which of the following is a principle of surgical asepsis?
Which of these is considered a common postoperative problem?
Which of these is considered a common postoperative problem?
What is an important element of developing a preoperative teaching plan?
What is an important element of developing a preoperative teaching plan?
Which phase of surgery begins with the patient's transfer to the operating room?
Which phase of surgery begins with the patient's transfer to the operating room?
What is the primary focus of the perioperative phase?
What is the primary focus of the perioperative phase?
Which type of surgical procedure is aimed primarily to relieve pain rather than curing a condition?
Which type of surgical procedure is aimed primarily to relieve pain rather than curing a condition?
Which of the following is an example of a reconstructive surgical procedure?
Which of the following is an example of a reconstructive surgical procedure?
What characterizes robotic surgeries in comparison to traditional surgical methods?
What characterizes robotic surgeries in comparison to traditional surgical methods?
Which procedure is a non-reparative surgical approach?
Which procedure is a non-reparative surgical approach?
Informed consent is essential for which reason regarding surgical procedures?
Informed consent is essential for which reason regarding surgical procedures?
The decision to perform surgery based on a patient's chronic pain management represents which surgical classification?
The decision to perform surgery based on a patient's chronic pain management represents which surgical classification?
What distinguishes the postoperative phase from the other surgical phases?
What distinguishes the postoperative phase from the other surgical phases?
Which of the following accurately describes the preoperative phase?
Which of the following accurately describes the preoperative phase?
What is the primary indication that evisceration has occurred?
What is the primary indication that evisceration has occurred?
Which position is recommended for a patient experiencing wound disruption to minimize further protrusion?
Which position is recommended for a patient experiencing wound disruption to minimize further protrusion?
What immediate action is taken when evisceration is recognized in a patient?
What immediate action is taken when evisceration is recognized in a patient?
Which symptom might a patient report if they are experiencing evisceration?
Which symptom might a patient report if they are experiencing evisceration?
What is the initial sign that may indicate the onset of evisceration?
What is the initial sign that may indicate the onset of evisceration?
Which of the following is NOT associated with evisceration?
Which of the following is NOT associated with evisceration?
What must be assessed regarding a patient's respiratory status before surgery?
What must be assessed regarding a patient's respiratory status before surgery?
Which allergy may indicate a heightened risk for latex allergy?
Which allergy may indicate a heightened risk for latex allergy?
Why is it important to address nutritional status in preoperative assessments?
Why is it important to address nutritional status in preoperative assessments?
What is a contraindication for surgery regarding renal function?
What is a contraindication for surgery regarding renal function?
How should drug or alcohol use be approached during the preoperative assessment?
How should drug or alcohol use be approached during the preoperative assessment?
Which test is crucial for monitoring endocrine function in diabetic patients before surgery?
Which test is crucial for monitoring endocrine function in diabetic patients before surgery?
What preoperative factor could lead to postponement of elective surgery?
What preoperative factor could lead to postponement of elective surgery?
What does an elevated white blood cell count indicate in a preoperative assessment?
What does an elevated white blood cell count indicate in a preoperative assessment?
What nutritional assessment is specifically important in monitoring metabolic abnormalities?
What nutritional assessment is specifically important in monitoring metabolic abnormalities?
What health history detail is crucial for understanding risks regarding anesthesia?
What health history detail is crucial for understanding risks regarding anesthesia?
What is a common method to alleviate swelling after surgery?
What is a common method to alleviate swelling after surgery?
Which is a potential sign of an infection at a surgical site?
Which is a potential sign of an infection at a surgical site?
What is instructed to be avoided to prevent venous thromboembolism?
What is instructed to be avoided to prevent venous thromboembolism?
What is a recommended action if a wound continues to appear red and painful after 8 weeks?
What is a recommended action if a wound continues to appear red and painful after 8 weeks?
What should be done if a small hematoma occurs at the surgical site?
What should be done if a small hematoma occurs at the surgical site?
When is wound sepsis most evident after surgery?
When is wound sepsis most evident after surgery?
Why is adequate hydration important after surgery?
Why is adequate hydration important after surgery?
What should be done with the suture line after removal?
What should be done with the suture line after removal?
If excessive collagen formation occurs at a surgical site, what is likely needed?
If excessive collagen formation occurs at a surgical site, what is likely needed?
What condition may be indicated by calf pain and leg swelling post surgery?
What condition may be indicated by calf pain and leg swelling post surgery?
Study Notes
Objectives of Perioperative Nursing
- Define three phases of perioperative patient care: preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative.
- Conduct comprehensive preoperative assessments, including health history, physical exams, and understanding of patient medications and allergies.
- Understand legal and ethical considerations regarding informed consent.
- Implement preoperative nursing measures and develop teaching plans for patients.
- Emphasize an interdisciplinary approach to patient care during surgery and the principles of surgical asepsis.
- Recognize roles of surgical team members and various types of anesthesia.
- Apply the nursing process to enhance patient outcomes during the intraoperative phase.
- Highlight the nurse's role in ensuring patient safety and responsibilities in the post-anesthesia care unit.
Perioperative Phase
- Comprises the entire surgical experience: preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases.
- Begins with patient admission to the operating area and ends upon transfer to the post-anesthesia care unit.
Advances in Surgery
- Minimally invasive surgeries and robotic surgeries are on the rise, improving accuracy and patient comfort.
- Shorter hospital stays are facilitated by new techniques.
Surgical Classifications
- Diagnostic procedures include biopsies or exploratory surgeries.
- Curative procedures aim to remove or fix problems, e.g., tumor excision.
- Reparative surgeries involve repairing existing damage.
- Reconstructive or cosmetic surgeries enhance appearance, e.g., facelifts.
- Palliative surgeries relieve symptoms without curing the condition, e.g., tumor debulking.
- Rehabilitative surgeries, such as joint replacements, improve function and alleviate pain.
Informed Consent
- Defined as the patient’s autonomous choice to undergo surgery, ensuring full understanding of risks and benefits.
- Alternative communication methods should be used for patients with disabilities.
Preoperative Assessment
- Assess risk factors including allergies, comorbid conditions, and health history.
- Physical exam includes vital signs and joint mobility.
- Review nutritional and fluid status; monitor for obesity and metabolic issues.
- Evaluate respiratory, cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, endocrine, and immune functions.
- Encourage smoking cessation at least 30 days prior to surgery.
- Monitor blood glucose for diabetic patients, and assess for adrenal insufficiency in corticosteroid users.
Patient Education: Wound Care Instructions
- Instruct patients that wounds need time to heal after suture removal.
- Recommendations include keeping the wound clean and following activity guidelines.
- Monitor for signs of infection like pain, swelling, and color changes post-surgery.
Managing Potential Complications
- Venous Thromboembolism (VTE): Use anticoagulants, anti-embolism stockings, and promote early ambulation.
- Hematoma: Occurs from concealed bleeding; treat large clots as needed.
- Wound Infection: Look for increased vital signs and local signs of infection; treat aggressively with medications and drainage.
- Wound Dehiscence and Evisceration: Disruption of wound integrity; manage by maintaining wound cleanliness and notifying the surgeon immediately if evisceration occurs.
Postoperative Nursing
- Monitor patients for immediate postoperative complications and educate on home care strategies.
- Emphasize the importance of follow-up evaluations in the clinical setting or home.
Surgical Team Roles
- Collaborative roles contribute to effective surgery and patient safety, emphasizing communication and defined responsibilities.
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Description
This quiz covers key aspects of the management of surgical clients in the NURS 310 course. Topics include perioperative patient care, preoperative assessment, legal and ethical considerations for informed consent, and preoperative nursing measures. Additionally, it addresses the interdisciplinary approach to patient care and principles of surgical asepsis.
