Number Systems and Real Number Properties

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an example of the identity property of multiplication?

  • 3 * 4 = 4 * 3
  • 7 * 1 = 7 (correct)
  • 2 + 0 = 2
  • 5 * 0 = 0

Which of the following correctly describes an irrational number?

  • A number that can be written as a fraction.
  • A number that can be expressed as a decimal that repeats or goes on forever without repeating. (correct)
  • A number that is not a real number.
  • A number that can be expressed as a decimal that terminates.

What is the multiplicative inverse of 5?

  • 5
  • 1
  • 1/5 (correct)
  • 0

Which of the following properties is demonstrated by the equation: 2 + (3 + 4) = (2 + 3) + 4 ?

<p>Associative Property of Addition (C)</p>
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Which of the following numbers belongs to the set of natural numbers?

<p>7 (B)</p>
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What is the value of $x$ in the equation $x + 3 = 3$ ?

<p>0 (D)</p>
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Which of the following is an example of the distributive property?

<p>2 * (4 + 5) = (2 * 4) + (2 * 5) (A)</p>
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Which of the following numbers is a rational number but not an integer?

<p>1.5 (A)</p>
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What is the multiplicative inverse of $-1/2$?

<p>-2 (D)</p>
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Given that $a = b$ and $b = 5$, which of the following is true based on the transitive property?

<p>a = 5 (A)</p>
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Flashcards

Rational Numbers

Numbers that can be expressed as fractions.

Irrational Numbers

Numbers that can’t be expressed as fractions.

Identity Property of Addition

a + 0 = a and 0 + a = a, keeps a number unchanged.

Commutative Property

a + b = b + a and a × b = b × a, order does not matter.

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Multiplicative Inverse

a × (1/a) = 1; the number that cancels out when multiplied.

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Study Notes

Number Systems

  • Natural Numbers (N): Positive whole numbers (1, 2, 3, etc.)
  • Whole Numbers (W): Includes zero and all natural numbers (0, 1, 2, 3, etc.)
  • Integers (Z): Positive and negative whole numbers, including zero (-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, etc.)
  • Rational Numbers (Q): Numbers that can be expressed as fractions (p/q, where p and q are integers and q ≠ 0). Any number that ends is a rational number.
  • Irrational Numbers (I or Q-): Numbers that cannot be expressed as fractions. Irrational numbers are real numbers and exist on the number line.

Properties of Real Numbers

  • Identity Property of Addition: Adding zero to any number results in the original number (a + 0 = a and 0 + a = a).
  • Identity Property of Multiplication: Multiplying any number by one results in the original number (a × 1 = a and 1 × a = a).
  • Commutative Property of Addition: The order of numbers in addition does not change the sum (a + b = b + a).
  • Commutative Property of Multiplication: The order of numbers in multiplication does not change the product (a × b = b × a).
  • Associative Property of Addition: Grouping numbers in addition does not change the sum [(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)].
  • Associative Property of Multiplication: Grouping numbers in multiplication does not change the product [(a × b) × c = a × (b × c)].
  • Distributive Property: Multiplying a number by the sum of two numbers is equivalent to multiplying the number by each addend and then adding the products [a × (b + c) = ab + ac and (b + c) × a = ab + ac].
  • Multiplicative Inverse: The reciprocal of a number multiplied by the number equals one (a × 1/a = 1).
  • Multiplication and Division Properties of Zero: Multiplying any number by zero results in zero (a × 0 = 0); dividing zero by any non-zero number results in zero (0/a = 0); dividing a non-zero number by zero is undefined (a/0 = undefined).
  • Transitive Property: If a = b and b = c, then a = c.
  • Symmetry Property: If a = b, then b = a.

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