32 Questions
What are the building units of nucleic acids?
Nucleosides and nucleotides
Which nitrogenous base is present in both DNA and RNA?
Adenine
What is the composition of a nucleotide?
Nitrogenous base, phosphate group, and pentose sugar
Which type of nucleic acid contains thymine?
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
What are the two main types of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
Which nitrogenous base is present in RNA but not in DNA?
Uracil
Which type of nucleotide contains a base, sugar, and phosphate?
Deoxyguanosine monophosphate
Which nucleotide serves as the active methyl donor?
Adenosine
What is the function of cAMP and cGMP nucleotides?
Serve as 2nd messenger for many hormones
Which base is present in RNA only?
Uracil
What type of bond links the sugar with the base in a nucleoside?
Glycosidic bond
Which type of nucleotide enters the structure of many coenzymes such as NAD, NADP, FAD, and FMN?
Purine nucleotides
Which nucleotide serves as the active sulfate donor?
'3'phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate
Which nucleotide regulates the rate of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria?
Adenosine
Which nucleotide enters the structure of high energy stores ATP and GTP?
Deoxyguanosine monophosphate
What does SAM stand for and what is its function?
S-adenosyl methionine, serves as an active methyl donor.
What type of nucleic acid structure contains a single chromosome and non-chromosomal DNA called plasmid?
Prokaryotic DNA
What kind of bond links the monomeric nucleotides of DNA together?
Phosphodiester bond
In the structure of DNA, which end possesses a 3hydroxyl and which end possesses a 5-phosphate?
3 end possesses 5-phosphate, 5 end possesses 3hydroxyl
What is the favored configuration of the double-stranded DNA molecule?
Right handed-helix
What represents the backbone of the axis in the structure of DNA?
Phosphate ribose molecules
Which type of nucleotide in DNA has an anti-parallel configuration?
Thymidylate
What is the diameter of a single turn of β-DNA?
2 nm
How many hydrogen bonds are there between G and C bases in double-stranded DNA?
3
What is the function of the template strand in DNA?
It is copied during nucleic acid synthesis
What is the source of information for the synthesis of all protein molecules?
DNA
What type of bond links the sugar with the base in a nucleoside?
Covalent bond
Which form of double-stranded DNA is the commonest under physiological conditions?
B-form
How many forms does double-stranded DNA exist in?
6
What does replication of DNA involve?
Formation of new DNA from parent DNA
What is the width (diameter) of a single turn of β-DNA?
2 nm
What serves as a template in the synthesis of nucleic acids?
DNA
Test your knowledge on the biochemical functions of nucleotides, purine and pyrimidine bases, nucleosides, nucleotides, and the two main types of nucleic acids: DNA and RNA. Also, assess your understanding of syn and anti-conformers in nucleotide chemistry.
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