Nucleoside Phosphorylation and DNA Structure Quiz

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What percentage of the human genome consists of short repeated DNA sequences that code for ribosomal and transfer RNAs and centromeres of chromosomes?

15-20%

20-25%

10-15% (correct)

5-10%

What is the length range of minisatellite DNA sequences?

12-100 base pairs (correct)

1000-10000 base pairs

100-1000 base pairs

1-5 base pairs

Which of the following is NOT a type of highly repeated DNA sequence mentioned in the text?

Microsatellite DNA

Satellite DNA

Minisatellite DNA

Macrosatellite DNA (correct)

What is the length range of microsatellite DNA sequences, also known as simple sequence repeats (SSRs) or short tandem repeats (STRs)?

1-5 base pairs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of minisatellite DNA sequences?

Identifying individuals in criminal or paternity cases through DNA fingerprinting Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of microsatellite instability (MSI) in various types of cancer?

Inherited genetic defects in DNA repair mechanisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the length of a single gene and the total length of the human genome?

Genes make up less than 5% of the length of the DNA molecule, while the rest is made up of long, highly repetitive nucleotide sequences called junk DNA. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the highly repeated DNA sequences called satellite DNA?

Causing genetic disorders like cancer and diabetes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of microsatellite DNA sequences, also known as simple sequence repeats (SSRs) or short tandem repeats (STRs)?

Identifying individuals in criminal or paternity cases Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of DNA sequences is associated with diseases like colon cancer, gastric cancer, and ovarian cancer?

Microsatellite DNA Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the human genome consists of long highly repetitive nucleotide sequences called junk DNA (non-coding)?

Less than 5% Signup and view all the answers

Which type of DNA sequence is shorter than satellites and is used to identify individuals in criminal or paternity cases?

Minisatellite DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the length range of the shortest DNA sequences known as simple sequence repeats (SSRs) or short tandem repeats (STRs)?

1-5 base pairs Signup and view all the answers

In which category of highly repeated DNA sequences would you find sequences ranging from 12 to 100 base pairs in length?