Nucleic Acids Summary

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What are the main types of nucleic acids?

DNA and RNA (correct)
Proteins and enzymes
Amino acids and peptides
Lipids and carbohydrates

What is the backbone of a DNA molecule made up of?

Amino acids and peptides
Proteins and enzymes
Lipids and carbohydrates
Deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups (correct)

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between adenine and thymine in a DNA molecule?

One
Three
Four
Two (correct)

What is the major function of nucleic acids?

Storage of genetic information and material used for the reproduction of the living cell (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'abiotic' mean in the context of 'abiotic synthesis'?

Without life (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a pyrimidine base in DNA?

Cytosine (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of a DNA molecule described as?

A twisted ladder (A) Signup and view all the answers

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between guanine and cytosine in a DNA molecule?

Three (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the creation of organic molecules from non-life?

Abiotic synthesis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a nucleotide composed of?

Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate groups, and nitrogen bases (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an organic molecule?

Water (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis, what was believed to be present in the early Earth's atmosphere?

Ammonia, water vapor, and carbon dioxide (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the key finding of the Miller-Urey experiment?

Organic molecules could be produced without cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all living organisms?

Ability to utilize a source of energy (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which domain includes all multicellular living organisms?

Eukarya (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the smallest unit of life?

Cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of proteins in a eukaryotic cell?

Ribosomes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the cell membrane?

Lipids (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Golgi body in a eukaryotic cell?

Packaging and secretion of proteins (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Synthesizes proteins (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

To maintain membrane fluidity and flexibility (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell membrane?

Nucleic acids (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the glycocalyx on the cell membrane?

To aid in cell adhesion and recognition (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the fluid mosaic model, which statement about the cell membrane is correct?

The cell membrane is fluid and flexible (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which process is regulated by the cell membrane to maintain homeostasis?

Osmosis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of proteins in the cell membrane?

To aid in cell adhesion, cell signaling, and material transport (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about homeostasis is true?

Homeostasis is maintained through negative feedback loops (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structure of the cell membrane?

Two layers of phospholipids arranged like an ice cream sandwich (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way the cell membrane maintains homeostasis?

Regulating enzyme activity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hydrophobic tails of phospholipids in the cell membrane?

To create a barrier for water and other polar molecules (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of nucleic acids according to the text?

To store genetic information and material used for the reproduction of the living cell (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the backbone of a DNA molecule made up of according to the text?

Phosphate groups and deoxyribose sugar (D) Signup and view all the answers

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between adenine and thymine in a DNA molecule according to the text?

Two (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the creation of organic molecules from non-life according to the text?

Abiotic synthesis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the main types of nucleic acids according to the text?

DNA and RNA (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of a DNA molecule described as in the text?

A double-stranded helix (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a nucleotide composed of according to the text?

A base, a sugar, and a phosphate group (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the four nitrogenous bases in DNA is a pyrimidine according to the text?

Thymine (B) Signup and view all the answers

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between guanine and cytosine in a DNA molecule according to the text?

Three (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structure of the cell membrane according to the text?

A double layer of phospholipids (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hydrophobic tails of phospholipids in the cell membrane?

To create a barrier that prevents the passage of molecules (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key component of the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?

The membrane is fluid and flexible, with proteins and other molecules embedded within it (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the glycocalyx on the cell membrane?

To aid in cell adhesion and recognition (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way the cell membrane maintains homeostasis?

Facilitating the transport of materials across the membrane (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

To keep the membrane fluid and flexible (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key component of the cell membrane, in addition to phospholipids?

Proteins (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hydrophilic heads of phospholipids in the cell membrane?

To facilitate the movement of water across the membrane (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell membrane?

Nucleic acids (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cell membrane in maintaining homeostasis?

To facilitate the movement of materials into and out of the cell (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?

The membrane is fluid and flexible, with proteins and other molecules embedded within it (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

To separate the cell from its environment and regulate exchange (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of multicellular organisms?

Composed of a single cell that performs all life processes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ribosomes in a eukaryotic cell?

To synthesize proteins (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the early Earth's atmosphere is consistent with the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis?

It contained ammonia and carbon dioxide (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

To control the cell's activities and house the genetic material (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell membrane?

Ribosomes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mitochondria in a eukaryotic cell?

To break down food and release energy (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of tissue found in humans and animals?

Vascular tissue (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Golgi body in a eukaryotic cell?

To package and secrete proteins (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all living organisms?

Ability to generate energy through photosynthesis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Nucleic Acids Summary

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Questions and Answers

What are the main types of nucleic acids?

What is the backbone of a DNA molecule made up of?

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between adenine and thymine in a DNA molecule?

What is the major function of nucleic acids?

What does the term 'abiotic' mean in the context of 'abiotic synthesis'?

Which of the following is a pyrimidine base in DNA?

What is the structure of a DNA molecule described as?

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between guanine and cytosine in a DNA molecule?

What is the term used to describe the creation of organic molecules from non-life?

What is a nucleotide composed of?

Which of the following is NOT considered an organic molecule?

According to the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis, what was believed to be present in the early Earth's atmosphere?

What was the key finding of the Miller-Urey experiment?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all living organisms?

Which domain includes all multicellular living organisms?

What is the smallest unit of life?

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of proteins in a eukaryotic cell?

What is the main component of the cell membrane?

What is the primary function of the Golgi body in a eukaryotic cell?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

What is the primary function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell membrane?

What is the function of the glycocalyx on the cell membrane?

According to the fluid mosaic model, which statement about the cell membrane is correct?

Which process is regulated by the cell membrane to maintain homeostasis?

What is the primary function of proteins in the cell membrane?

Which statement about homeostasis is true?

What is the primary structure of the cell membrane?

Which of the following is NOT a way the cell membrane maintains homeostasis?

What is the primary function of the hydrophobic tails of phospholipids in the cell membrane?

What is the primary function of nucleic acids according to the text?

What is the backbone of a DNA molecule made up of according to the text?

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between adenine and thymine in a DNA molecule according to the text?

What is the term used to describe the creation of organic molecules from non-life according to the text?

What are the main types of nucleic acids according to the text?

What is the structure of a DNA molecule described as in the text?

What is a nucleotide composed of according to the text?

Which of the four nitrogenous bases in DNA is a pyrimidine according to the text?

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between guanine and cytosine in a DNA molecule according to the text?

What is the primary structure of the cell membrane according to the text?

What is the primary function of the hydrophobic tails of phospholipids in the cell membrane?

Which of the following is a key component of the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?

What is the primary function of the glycocalyx on the cell membrane?

Which of the following is NOT a way the cell membrane maintains homeostasis?

What is the primary function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

Which of the following is a key component of the cell membrane, in addition to phospholipids?

What is the primary function of the hydrophilic heads of phospholipids in the cell membrane?

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell membrane?

What is the primary function of the cell membrane in maintaining homeostasis?

Which of the following is a characteristic of the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of multicellular organisms?

What is the primary function of ribosomes in a eukaryotic cell?

Which of the following statements about the early Earth's atmosphere is consistent with the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis?

What is the primary function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell membrane?

What is the primary function of mitochondria in a eukaryotic cell?

Which of the following is NOT a type of tissue found in humans and animals?

What is the primary function of the Golgi body in a eukaryotic cell?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all living organisms?

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