Nucleic Acids Electrophoresis Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the process of introducing foreign DNA into a bacterial cell called?

Transcription

Translation

Transformation (correct)

Transduction

What is the enzyme used to catalyze the process of joining two pieces of DNA from different sources together?

DNA polymerase

RNA polymerase

DNA ligase (correct)

RNA ligase

What are proteins that cleave DNA molecules at specific sites called?

Endonucleases

Polymerases

Restriction enzymes (correct)

Ligases

Which conformation of plasmid DNA migrates fastest in a gel during electrophoresis?

"Supercoiled" DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in rapidly isolating plasmid?

Inoculation and harvesting the bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using molecular weight markers during electrophoresis?

To monitor the DNA migration Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of cutting plasmid vector with AvaI called?

Digestion Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of restriction enzymes in bacterial cells?

To protect from phage infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of cloning a piece of DNA using endonucleases?

To produce discrete fragments of DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is required for DNA ligation to occur?

ATP Signup and view all the answers

How can expression of a cloned gene be accomplished?

Using E. coli host Signup and view all the answers

What type of gel electrophoresis has high resolving power and separates DNA only over a narrow size range?

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Signup and view all the answers

Which type of molecules can be resolved from one another with the applied electric field in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis?

DNA molecules Signup and view all the answers

What can plasmids carry naturally?

Antibiotic resistance genes Signup and view all the answers

What can plasmids be engineered to be useful for?

Cloning vectors Signup and view all the answers

What is the cloning marker for plasmid vectors that contain the lacZ gene?

Multiple Cloning Region Signup and view all the answers

Which type of gel electrophoresis has less resolving power and separates DNA molecules of up to tens, and even hundreds, of kilobases?

Agarose gel electrophoresis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Genetic Engineering

The process of introducing foreign DNA into a bacterial cell is called transformation.

DNA Manipulation

Ligase is the enzyme used to catalyze the process of joining two pieces of DNA from different sources together.
Restriction enzymes are proteins that cleave DNA molecules at specific sites.
The main function of restriction enzymes in bacterial cells is to protect against viral infections.

Plasmid DNA

The supercoiled conformation of plasmid DNA migrates fastest in a gel during electrophoresis.
The first step in rapidly isolating plasmid is alkaline lysis.
Cutting plasmid vector with AvaI is called restriction.

Electrophoresis

The purpose of using molecular weight markers during electrophoresis is to determine the size of the DNA fragments.
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) has high resolving power and separates DNA only over a narrow size range.
Agarose gel electrophoresis has less resolving power and separates DNA molecules of up to tens, and even hundreds, of kilobases.
In polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, small molecules such as oligonucleotides can be resolved from one another with the applied electric field.

Cloning

The primary purpose of cloning a piece of DNA using endonucleases is to amplify the DNA fragment.
DNA ligation requires ATP and a cofactor such as NAD+ or ATP.
Expression of a cloned gene can be accomplished by inducing the transcription and translation of the gene in a host cell.

Plasmid Vectors

Plasmids can carry antibiotic resistance genes naturally.
Plasmids can be engineered to be useful for protein expression, gene therapy, and vaccine development.
The cloning marker for plasmid vectors that contain the lacZ gene is β-galactosidase.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the process of separating DNA and RNA molecules through gel electrophoresis. This quiz covers topics such as gel matrix, resolving power, and staining methods for visualizing bands.