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Nucleic Acid Structure Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the name of the sugar found in DNA molecules?

Glucose

Deoxyribose (correct)

Ribose

Fructose

Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous base found in DNA?

Adenine

Guanine

Uracil (correct)

Cytosine

According to Chargaff's rule, which of the following base pairs is NOT found in DNA?

Cytosine-Cytosine

Adenine-Adenine (correct)

Adenine-Thymine

Cytosine-Guanine

What is the chemical linkage between monomer units in nucleic acids?

Phosphodiester bond Signup and view all the answers

According to Chargaff's rule, what is the relationship between the DNA bases?

Adenine pairs with thymine, and guanine pairs with cytosine Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of RNA in the cell?

RNA is involved in the transcription and translation of genetic material. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of DNA?

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the A-form and B-form of DNA?

A-form DNA has a left-handed helix, while B-form DNA has a right-handed helix Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the major groove and minor groove in DNA?

The major groove and minor groove are critical for the binding of regulatory proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the B-to-Z transition in DNA?

The B-to-Z transition is a radical change in DNA structure that may play a role in gene regulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)?

mtDNA encodes the majority of mitochondrial proteins Signup and view all the answers

How many base pairs are present in each turn of the Z-form DNA helix?

12 base pairs per turn Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct base pairing in the DNA double helix?

Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the nucleotide that contains the nitrogenous base Guanine (G)?

Deoxyguanylate (G) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the nucleotide that contains the nitrogenous base Cytosine (C)?

Deoxycytidylate (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the nucleotide that contains the nitrogenous base Thymine (T)?

Deoxythymidylate (T) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the nucleotide that contains the nitrogenous base Adenine (A)?

Deoxyadenosine (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of the DNA double helix?

The DNA double helix is a twisted ladder-like structure with antiparallel strands. Signup and view all the answers