30 Questions
What is the minimum requirement for a fissile material to undergo nuclear fission?
The size of the material should not be less than a critical size
Which of the following transmutation reactions involves the absorption of a proton by a nucleus?
d, p type
What is the primary difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion?
The type of nuclei involved in the reaction
Which of the following synthetic elements can be produced through transmutation by neutrons?
Np-239
What is the energy released during nuclear fusion, in comparison to nuclear fission?
Lower, ranging from 3 to 24 MeV per fusion
What is the term given to the process of transforming one element into another?
Alchemy
What type of particles are more effective in producing nuclear reactions?
Slow neutrons
Which of the following is an example of transmutation by alpha particles?
N 14 (α, p) O 17
What is the process of creating new, radioactive elements not found naturally?
Synthetic Elements
What is the symbol for a neutron?
0 n 1
What is the process by which a heavier atom splits into smaller fragments, releasing a large amount of energy?
Nuclear fission
What type of transmutation involves bombarding an atom with protons to produce a new element?
Transmutation by protons
What is the term used to describe elements with atomic numbers greater than 92, which are not found naturally and are produced artificially?
Synthetic elements
What type of transmutation involves bombarding an atom with neutrons to produce a new element?
Transmutation by neutrons
What is the process by which two or more atomic nuclei combine to form a single, heavier nucleus, releasing energy in the process?
Nuclear fusion
What is the formula for the total time of a radioactive substance?
T = n × t1 / 2
What is the condition for radioactive equilibrium?
The rate of formation of B is equal to the rate of decay of B
What is the unit of radioactivity in the SI system?
Becquerel
What is the relationship between the decay constant and the range of the α-particle emitted?
logλ = A + B log R
What is the conversion of one element into another by artificial means known as?
Artificial transmutation
What is the time required by a given amount of a radioelement to decay to one-half of its initial value?
Half-life period
At a steady state, what is the relationship between the amounts of different radioelements present in a reaction series and their radioactive constants?
Inversely proportional
What is the unit of radioactivity defined as the amount of any radioactive material that gives 3.7 × 10^10 disintegrations per second?
Curie
What is the implication of the half-life period being independent of the amount of the radioelement?
The half-life period is constant for a given radioelement
Why is it preferred to say that a radioelement is in a steady state rather than in equilibrium state?
Because the reaction is irreversible
What is the average life period of a radioisotope approximately equal to?
Under-root two times of its half-life period
What is the unit of radioactivity that is defined as the amount of a radioactive substance which undergoes?
The sum of lives of the nuclei
What is the relationship between the decay constant and the average life period of an element?
The decay constant is the inverse of the average life period
What is the specific activity of a radioactive isotope?
The number of disintegrations per second per gram of the isotope
What is the relationship between the curie and the rutherford units of radioactivity?
1 curie is equal to 3.7 x 10^10 disintegrations per second
Test your knowledge of nuclear reactions and transmutations, including alpha, beta, and gamma decay, as well as proton-induced reactions. Practice solving problems involving nuclear equations and identifying reactants and products.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
