40 Questions
What is the primary role of nuclear medicine in managing malignant tumors?
To detect, stage, and restage the disease, as well as evaluate response to therapy
What is the purpose of sentinel node identification and localization in nuclear medicine?
To plan the most suitable management for several tumors
What is the main category of radiopharmaceuticals used for tumor imaging?
Nonspecific agents and specific agents
What is an example of a tumor that can be evaluated using nuclear medicine?
Nodular thyroid disease
What is the primary goal of nuclear medicine in cancer treatment?
To improve patient outcomes through accurate diagnosis and staging
What is the role of nuclear medicine in evaluating response to therapy?
To evaluate the response to therapy and predict the prognosis
What is the benefit of combining nuclear medicine instruments with morphologic modalities?
To make nuclear medicine a more integral part of management protocols
What is the role of nuclear medicine in planning radiotherapy?
To provide accurate information for radiotherapy planning
What is the primary focus of individualizing therapy?
Rapid assessment of treatment strategy effectiveness
Why is tumor volume change evaluation limited?
It occurs too late to prevent significant toxicity
Which radiopharmaceutical agent is used in lymphoma?
Gallium
What is the benefit of using radiopharmaceutical agents in therapy?
They can predict treatment response after 1-3 cycles of chemotherapy
What is the primary limitation of CT in radiotherapy planning?
It lacks functional status information
What is the purpose of Ga-67 study in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?
To predict response to chemotherapy
How many cycles of chemotherapy are required before response can be predicted using radiopharmaceutical agents?
1-3 cycles
What is the significance of the follow-up study in evaluating response to therapy?
It demonstrates an excellent response to chemotherapy
What can be the consequence of understaging a patient?
Undergoing futile but drastic treatments that increase morbidity and mortality without a chance of cure
What is the role of bone imaging using 99mTc MDP and 18F?
Detecting metastatic bone disease
What is the advantage of 18F FDG-PET over CT or MRI alone in staging tumors?
It has a higher degree of accuracy, particularly in detecting lymph node involvement
What is the approximate accuracy of CT in staging mediastinal disease in lung cancer?
70%
What is the challenge faced by MRI and CT after surgical, radiation, or chemotherapy treatment?
Differentiating post-therapy changes from residual viable tumor tissue
What is the role of radiopharmaceuticals in detecting recurrence?
In detecting residual or recurrent disease
What is the ideal staging process?
Microscopic process
What is the advantage of nuclear medicine procedures in staging tumors?
They have a higher degree of accuracy compared to CT or MRI alone
What does PET with 18F-FDG provide information about?
Metabolism and viability of the lesions
What is the benefit of fused images from FDG-PET and CT?
More accurate delineation of normal tissues from tumor-bearing areas
What is the effect of image fusion on radiation oncologists?
Reduces interobserver variation
What is the purpose of injecting 99mTc radiolabeled particles?
To identify sentinel lymph nodes
In which types of cancer is sentinel lymph node localization commonly used?
Breast Cancer, Cutaneous Melanoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck, and colorectal cancer
What is the result of using PET/CT in radiation therapy?
Improve therapeutic window
What is the limitation of PET with 18F-FDG?
Fails to provide precise topographic localization
What is the role of the tracer in sentinel lymph node localization?
To identify the sentinel node
In sentinel lymph node localization, what is the role of a gamma camera?
To detect radioactive sentinel nodes using imaging
What is the purpose of sentinel node imaging?
To identify the lymph node where the primary tumor drains
What can be identified using immunohistological staining of the sentinel node?
Micrometastases
What is the role of a gamma probe in sentinel lymph node localization?
To localize the sentinel node during surgery
What is the advantage of using F-18 FDG in sentinel lymph node localization?
It can evaluate the response to therapy
What is the significance of decreasing uptake in the follow-up study after chemotherapy?
The patient has responded favorably to therapy
What is the advantage of using sentinel lymph node localization in breast cancer?
It can identify the lymph node where the primary tumor drains
What is the significance of sentinel node imaging in osteogenic sarcoma?
It can evaluate the response to therapy
This quiz covers the role of nuclear medicine in the management of malignant tumors, including detection, staging, and restaging. It also discusses the advancements in molecular imaging and equipment.
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