نظام العصبي: نظرة عامة

Nervous System Overview

The human body's communication network is made up of cells that transmit signals to and from different parts of the body. This complex interconnected system is known as the nervous system. It consists of two main components: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Central Nervous System

The CNS is responsible for controlling most bodily functions such as movement, sensory perception, thinking, emotions, memory, and consciousness. It includes the brain and spinal cord, which communicate with all other systems via neurons.

Peripheral Nervous System

The PNS connects the CNS to various organs, muscles, and glands through nerves. These nerves carry messages between the CNS and every part of the body except the CNS itself, allowing it to control and receive information from these areas. There are two types of nerves within the PNS: somatic nerves, which send and receive sensory information; and autonomic nerves, which control internal organs without voluntary control.

The PNS can also be divided into three sections based on function: cranial nerves, which connect the CNS to structures in the head; spinal nerves, which connect the CNS to the rest of the body via the spinal cord; and peripheral ganglia, clusters of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS that form connections between nerves.

In summary, the nervous system is essential for maintaining homeostasis and coordinating body functions. Its intricate design allows for precise control over our physiological processes and behavior, ensuring optimal operation of our physical selves.

هذا الاختبار يقدم نظرة شاملة حول النظام العصبي في جسم الإنسان، بمكوناته الرئيسية ووظائفها. ستتعرف على الفروق بين الجهاز العصبي المركزي والجهاز العصبي الطرفي وأهميتهما في تنسيق وظائف الجسم.