NRCMA Practice Test Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

When drawing blood alcohol, the site cannot be prepared with which of the following?

  • Soap
  • Alcohol
  • Iodine
  • Chlorhexidine (correct)

    • What is the total magnification when using a microscope with a 10x ocular and the 40x objective in place?

    400X

    What does checking the pH of a urine sample determine?

    Acidity or alkalinity

    What is the most common gauge needle used in routine phlebotomy?

    <p>20 or 21</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do with the first drop of blood during a finger puncture?

    <p>Wiped away</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is serum?

    <p>Liquid portion of whole blood after clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tube is used when collecting specimens for a blood cell count?

    <p>An anticoagulant tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is recognized in a basophil when performing a differential white blood cell count?

    <p>Large blue to purple staining granules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common tests use a lavender top vacutainer tube for sample collection?

    <p>Hematology testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does PHI stand for in HIPAA?

    <p>Protected Health Information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does gram staining determine?

    <p>Whether a bacteria is gram positive or gram negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Pap smear detect?

    <p>Cervical cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the universal donor blood type?

    <p>O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does GTT test for?

    <p>Sugar metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a lipid profile test include?

    <p>Cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are large amounts of injectable medication typically given?

    <p>Intramuscularly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When may a medical assistant give an injection?

    <p>Only on the orders of the physician</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which needle has the widest lumen?

    <p>19 gauge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nerve should be considered when giving an injection into the buttocks?

    <p>Sciatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should happen to Protected Health Information before disposal?

    <p>Completely destroyed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the size of a needle expressed?

    <p>Gauge numbers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the syringe and the needle may be touched?

    <p>The outside of the barrel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an injection given at a 45 degree angle called?

    <p>Subcutaneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A Z-tract injection is an _____ injection given in the gluteal muscle of the buttocks.

    <p>Intramuscular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the most common positions for chest x-rays?

    <p>PA and lateral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance is used to prevent x-ray exposure?

    <p>Lead</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When asked to take a cervical x-ray, which region would you focus on?

    <p>Neck region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first wave to show a downward deflection on a normal ECG tracing?

    <p>Q wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of applying paste or jelly when running an ECG?

    <p>To reduce skin resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Of HIPAA, which of the following is the highest priority?

    <p>Patient care and safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should ultrasound not be used for?

    <p>Tumors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the technique that uses high-frequency sound waves called?

    <p>Sonogram or echogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is thermography?

    <p>Detecting regions of heat and cold in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is hydrotherapy?

    <p>Application of water in the treatment of disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What branch of medicine uses radionuclides for diagnosis and treatment?

    <p>Nuclear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of physician diagnoses and treats diseases of internal secretion glands?

    <p>Endocrinologist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who studies diseases?

    <p>Pathologist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is physiology?

    <p>Study of the functions of living organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is hypertension also known as?

    <p>High blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can HIPAA penalties and sanctions include?

    <p>All of the choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During galvanic electrical simulation, what must happen?

    <p>Patient must be attended at all times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does metastasis refer to?

    <p>Growth of cancer cells from one tissue to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a non-progressive, non-life-threatening tumor called?

    <p>Benign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drugs prevent blood clotting?

    <p>Anticoagulants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neutralizes the hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

    <p>Antacids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an agent that affects blood pressure by increasing urine flow?

    <p>Diuretic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an agent given to counteract an unwanted drug effect?

    <p>Antidote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a mild hypnotic drug that relaxes but doesn't induce sleep called?

    <p>Sedative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an agent that promotes functional activity called?

    <p>Stimulant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the designation of a health problem's nature or cause?

    <p>Diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is IPPB used to treat?

    <p>All of the choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What governmental agency enforces proper drug manufacture and clinical use?

    <p>Food and Drug Administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does intercostal refer to?

    <p>Between the ribs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which position is a patient lying face down?

    <p>Prone position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which position is a patient lying flat on their back?

    <p>Supine position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the anatomical position of a patient?

    <p>Stands erect with palms turned anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What position is used for a vaginal examination?

    <p>Lithotomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the opposite of superficial?

    <p>Deep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What position should a patient be in for a vaginal examination?

    <p>Lithotomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is known as possible adverse extensions of a disease?

    <p>Complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an inflamed condition of the tendon?

    <p>Tendonitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important muscle for breathing?

    <p>Diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the muscle walls of the heart called?

    <p>Myocardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone forms the forehead and the bony sockets for the eyes?

    <p>Frontal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the facial bones that compose the upper jaw called?

    <p>Maxillary bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the facial bones composing the lower jaw called?

    <p>Mandibular bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the collar bone called?

    <p>Clavicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What small sac attached to the liver stores bile?

    <p>Gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin is secreted directly into the bloodstream by which organ?

    <p>Pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What combination of signs and symptoms is characteristic of a specific disease called?

    <p>Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is known as the master gland of the human body?

    <p>Pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the act of giving birth called?

    <p>Parturition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is referred to as the premature termination of pregnancy?

    <p>Abortion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an unborn child in the first two months?

    <p>Embryo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many bones are in the human body?

    <p>206</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the longest bone in the body?

    <p>Femur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the most common place to take a pulse?

    <p>Radial artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is it called when a patient has a rapid pulse?

    <p>Tachycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the best respiratory rate be taken?

    <p>By watching the patient's chest rise and fall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What study examines changes in normal mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions?

    <p>Pathophysiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done when applying a cast?

    <p>The plaster is applied over a stockinette</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a counting chamber utilized in manual microscopic methods called?

    <p>Hemacytometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where would a carotid pulse be taken?

    <p>Neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do hot packs provide in physical therapy?

    <p>Superficial heat and moist heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is palpation?

    <p>Feeling a part with the hand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is auscultation done with?

    <p>Stethoscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a hemostatic forcep do?

    <p>Clamps off small vessels and bleeders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are tissues composed of?

    <p>Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is pathology?

    <p>The study of disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the bones of the fingers called?

    <p>Phalanges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an incision into the chest wall referred to as?

    <p>Thoracostomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does bradycardia refer to?

    <p>Slow heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does neoplasm refer to?

    <p>New growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does atriomegaly refer to?

    <p>Enlargement of the atrium of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does the timing period begin in autoclaving instruments?

    <p>When adequate pressure has built up and the proper temperature has been reached</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What instrument is used to view the nose?

    <p>Rhinoscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a tray for a pelvic examination typically include?

    <p>Lubricant, vaginal speculum, glove</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a patient do during an eye examination using Snellen's eye chart?

    <p>Keep both eyes open, but cover one of them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hemostats are a type of what?

    <p>Forcep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does prognosis mean?

    <p>Prediction of outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Blood and Specimen Collection

    • Blood alcohol samples cannot be prepared with chlorhexidine.
    • The most common gauge for routine phlebotomy needles is 20 or 21.
    • In blood cell count collection, tubes must contain anticoagulant.
    • During finger puncture, the first drop of blood should be wiped away.
    • Lavender top vacutainer tubes are typically used for hematology tests and contain anticoagulants to prevent clotting.

    Microscopy and Urinalysis

    • When using a microscope with a 10x ocular and 40x objective, total magnification is 400X.
    • Urine pH is tested to assess acidity or alkalinity.

    Medical Terminology and HIPAA

    • PHI stands for Protected Health Information in HIPAA.
    • HIIPA priorities include patient care and safety.

    Bacterial Identification and Cancer Detection

    • Gram staining distinguishes between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
    • Pap smear is utilized to detect cervical cancer and other abnormalities.

    Blood and Injection Practices

    • O type blood is known as the universal donor.
    • Intramuscular injections are required for medications of 2mL or more and must be administered on physician orders.

    Health and Disease Management

    • The sciatic nerve is a consideration when administering injections in the buttocks.
    • Anticoagulants prevent blood clotting, while antacids neutralize stomach acid.
    • Diuretics help reduce fluid volume by increasing urine flow.
    • A sedative relaxes without necessarily inducing sleep, whereas stimulants promote activity.

    Anatomy and Physiology

    • The diaphragm is the most crucial muscle for breathing.
    • The heart muscle is referred to as the myocardium, and the pituitary gland is known as the "master" gland.
    • The standard human skeleton consists of 206 bones, with the femur being the longest.
    • Phalanges are the bones of the fingers.
    • Changes in body mechanics due to disease is studied under pathophysiology.

    Diagnostic Procedures

    • ECG recordings show a downward deflection at the Q wave, and paste or jelly is used to reduce skin resistance during the test.
    • Ultrasonography employs high-frequency sound waves, whereas thermography detects body temperature variations.
    • Rely on the hemacytometer for manual cell counting and thoracostomy for chest wall incisions.

    Patient Positions and X-Ray Procedures

    • The lithotomy position is used for vaginal examinations, while the supine position keeps patients flat on their back.
    • Chest x-rays are commonly performed in PA and lateral positions, with lead protection against radiation exposure.

    Surgical and Examination Instruments

    • Hemostatic forceps clamp off small vessels during surgical procedures.
    • A tray for pelvic examinations typically includes lubricant, a vaginal speculum, and gloves.
    • Rhinoscope is utilized for examining the nose, and the autoclaving process starts timing once the proper pressure and temperature have been achieved.

    Prognosis and Complications

    • Prognosis refers to predicting health outcomes, while complications are adverse effects that can arise from diseases or treatments.
    • Metastasis describes cancer cell growth from one tissue to another, and benign tumors are non-progressive and not life-threatening.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge with these NRCMA practice test flashcards. This quiz covers essential topics including blood alcohol testing, microscope usage, urine sample pH, and routine phlebotomy techniques. Perfect for those preparing for the NRCMA certification.

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