NRCMA Practice Test Flashcards

Questions and Answers

When drawing blood alcohol, the site cannot be prepared with which of the following?

Soap

Alcohol

Iodine

Chlorhexidine (correct)

What is the total magnification when using a microscope with a 10x ocular and the 40x objective in place?

400X

What does checking the pH of a urine sample determine?

Acidity or alkalinity

What is the most common gauge needle used in routine phlebotomy?

20 or 21 Signup and view all the answers

What should you do with the first drop of blood during a finger puncture?

Wiped away Signup and view all the answers

What is serum?

Liquid portion of whole blood after clotting Signup and view all the answers

What type of tube is used when collecting specimens for a blood cell count?

An anticoagulant tube Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is recognized in a basophil when performing a differential white blood cell count?

Large blue to purple staining granules Signup and view all the answers

What common tests use a lavender top vacutainer tube for sample collection?

Hematology testing Signup and view all the answers

What does PHI stand for in HIPAA?

Protected Health Information Signup and view all the answers

What does gram staining determine?

Whether a bacteria is gram positive or gram negative Signup and view all the answers

What does a Pap smear detect?

Cervical cancer Signup and view all the answers

What is the universal donor blood type?

O Signup and view all the answers

What does GTT test for?

Sugar metabolism Signup and view all the answers

What does a lipid profile test include?

Cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

Where are large amounts of injectable medication typically given?

Intramuscularly Signup and view all the answers

When may a medical assistant give an injection?

Only on the orders of the physician Signup and view all the answers

Which needle has the widest lumen?

19 gauge Signup and view all the answers

What nerve should be considered when giving an injection into the buttocks?

Sciatic Signup and view all the answers

What should happen to Protected Health Information before disposal?

Completely destroyed Signup and view all the answers

How is the size of a needle expressed?

Gauge numbers Signup and view all the answers

What part of the syringe and the needle may be touched?

The outside of the barrel Signup and view all the answers

What is an injection given at a 45 degree angle called?

Subcutaneous Signup and view all the answers

A Z-tract injection is an _____ injection given in the gluteal muscle of the buttocks.

Intramuscular Signup and view all the answers

What are the most common positions for chest x-rays?

PA and lateral Signup and view all the answers

What substance is used to prevent x-ray exposure?

Lead Signup and view all the answers

When asked to take a cervical x-ray, which region would you focus on?

Neck region Signup and view all the answers

What is the first wave to show a downward deflection on a normal ECG tracing?

Q wave Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of applying paste or jelly when running an ECG?

To reduce skin resistance Signup and view all the answers

Of HIPAA, which of the following is the highest priority?

Patient care and safety Signup and view all the answers

What should ultrasound not be used for?

Tumors Signup and view all the answers

What does the technique that uses high-frequency sound waves called?

Sonogram or echogram Signup and view all the answers

What is thermography?

Detecting regions of heat and cold in the body Signup and view all the answers

What is hydrotherapy?

Application of water in the treatment of disease Signup and view all the answers

What branch of medicine uses radionuclides for diagnosis and treatment?

Nuclear Signup and view all the answers

What type of physician diagnoses and treats diseases of internal secretion glands?

Endocrinologist Signup and view all the answers

Who studies diseases?

Pathologist Signup and view all the answers

What is physiology?

Study of the functions of living organisms Signup and view all the answers

What is hypertension also known as?

High blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What can HIPAA penalties and sanctions include?

All of the choices Signup and view all the answers

During galvanic electrical simulation, what must happen?

Patient must be attended at all times Signup and view all the answers

What does metastasis refer to?

Growth of cancer cells from one tissue to another Signup and view all the answers

What is a non-progressive, non-life-threatening tumor called?

Benign Signup and view all the answers

What drugs prevent blood clotting?

Anticoagulants Signup and view all the answers

What neutralizes the hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

Antacids Signup and view all the answers

What is an agent that affects blood pressure by increasing urine flow?

Diuretic Signup and view all the answers

What is an agent given to counteract an unwanted drug effect?

Antidote Signup and view all the answers

What is a mild hypnotic drug that relaxes but doesn't induce sleep called?

Sedative Signup and view all the answers

What is an agent that promotes functional activity called?

Stimulant Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the designation of a health problem's nature or cause?

Diagnosis Signup and view all the answers

What is IPPB used to treat?

All of the choices Signup and view all the answers

What governmental agency enforces proper drug manufacture and clinical use?

Food and Drug Administration Signup and view all the answers

What does intercostal refer to?

Between the ribs Signup and view all the answers

In which position is a patient lying face down?

Prone position Signup and view all the answers

In which position is a patient lying flat on their back?

Supine position Signup and view all the answers

What is the anatomical position of a patient?

Stands erect with palms turned anterior Signup and view all the answers

What position is used for a vaginal examination?

Lithotomy Signup and view all the answers

What is the opposite of superficial?

Deep Signup and view all the answers

What position should a patient be in for a vaginal examination?

Lithotomy Signup and view all the answers

What is known as possible adverse extensions of a disease?

Complications Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an inflamed condition of the tendon?

Tendonitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important muscle for breathing?

Diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

What are the muscle walls of the heart called?

Myocardium Signup and view all the answers

Which bone forms the forehead and the bony sockets for the eyes?

Frontal Signup and view all the answers

What are the facial bones that compose the upper jaw called?

Maxillary bones Signup and view all the answers

What are the facial bones composing the lower jaw called?

Mandibular bones Signup and view all the answers

What is the collar bone called?

Clavicle Signup and view all the answers

What small sac attached to the liver stores bile?

Gallbladder Signup and view all the answers

Insulin is secreted directly into the bloodstream by which organ?

Pancreas Signup and view all the answers

What combination of signs and symptoms is characteristic of a specific disease called?

Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is known as the master gland of the human body?

Pituitary gland Signup and view all the answers

What is the act of giving birth called?

Parturition Signup and view all the answers

What is referred to as the premature termination of pregnancy?

Abortion Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an unborn child in the first two months?

Embryo Signup and view all the answers

How many bones are in the human body?

206 Signup and view all the answers

What is the longest bone in the body?

Femur Signup and view all the answers

Where is the most common place to take a pulse?

Radial artery Signup and view all the answers

What is it called when a patient has a rapid pulse?

Tachycardia Signup and view all the answers

How can the best respiratory rate be taken?

By watching the patient's chest rise and fall Signup and view all the answers

What study examines changes in normal mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions?

Pathophysiology Signup and view all the answers

What must be done when applying a cast?

The plaster is applied over a stockinette Signup and view all the answers

What is a counting chamber utilized in manual microscopic methods called?

Hemacytometer Signup and view all the answers

Where would a carotid pulse be taken?

Neck Signup and view all the answers

What do hot packs provide in physical therapy?

Superficial heat and moist heat Signup and view all the answers

What is palpation?

Feeling a part with the hand Signup and view all the answers

What is auscultation done with?

Stethoscope Signup and view all the answers

What does a hemostatic forcep do?

Clamps off small vessels and bleeders Signup and view all the answers

What are tissues composed of?

Cells Signup and view all the answers

What is pathology?

The study of disease Signup and view all the answers

What are the bones of the fingers called?

Phalanges Signup and view all the answers

What is an incision into the chest wall referred to as?

Thoracostomy Signup and view all the answers

What does bradycardia refer to?

Slow heart rate Signup and view all the answers

What does neoplasm refer to?

New growth Signup and view all the answers

What does atriomegaly refer to?

Enlargement of the atrium of the heart Signup and view all the answers

When does the timing period begin in autoclaving instruments?

When adequate pressure has built up and the proper temperature has been reached Signup and view all the answers

What instrument is used to view the nose?

Rhinoscope Signup and view all the answers

What does a tray for a pelvic examination typically include?

Lubricant, vaginal speculum, glove Signup and view all the answers

What should a patient do during an eye examination using Snellen's eye chart?

Keep both eyes open, but cover one of them Signup and view all the answers

Hemostats are a type of what?

Forcep Signup and view all the answers

What does prognosis mean?

Prediction of outcome Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Blood and Specimen Collection

Blood alcohol samples cannot be prepared with chlorhexidine.
The most common gauge for routine phlebotomy needles is 20 or 21.
In blood cell count collection, tubes must contain anticoagulant.
During finger puncture, the first drop of blood should be wiped away.
Lavender top vacutainer tubes are typically used for hematology tests and contain anticoagulants to prevent clotting.

Microscopy and Urinalysis

When using a microscope with a 10x ocular and 40x objective, total magnification is 400X.
Urine pH is tested to assess acidity or alkalinity.

Medical Terminology and HIPAA

PHI stands for Protected Health Information in HIPAA.
HIIPA priorities include patient care and safety.

Bacterial Identification and Cancer Detection

Gram staining distinguishes between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Pap smear is utilized to detect cervical cancer and other abnormalities.

Blood and Injection Practices

O type blood is known as the universal donor.
Intramuscular injections are required for medications of 2mL or more and must be administered on physician orders.

Health and Disease Management

The sciatic nerve is a consideration when administering injections in the buttocks.
Anticoagulants prevent blood clotting, while antacids neutralize stomach acid.
Diuretics help reduce fluid volume by increasing urine flow.
A sedative relaxes without necessarily inducing sleep, whereas stimulants promote activity.

Anatomy and Physiology

The diaphragm is the most crucial muscle for breathing.
The heart muscle is referred to as the myocardium, and the pituitary gland is known as the "master" gland.
The standard human skeleton consists of 206 bones, with the femur being the longest.
Phalanges are the bones of the fingers.
Changes in body mechanics due to disease is studied under pathophysiology.

Diagnostic Procedures

ECG recordings show a downward deflection at the Q wave, and paste or jelly is used to reduce skin resistance during the test.
Ultrasonography employs high-frequency sound waves, whereas thermography detects body temperature variations.
Rely on the hemacytometer for manual cell counting and thoracostomy for chest wall incisions.

Patient Positions and X-Ray Procedures

The lithotomy position is used for vaginal examinations, while the supine position keeps patients flat on their back.
Chest x-rays are commonly performed in PA and lateral positions, with lead protection against radiation exposure.

Surgical and Examination Instruments

Hemostatic forceps clamp off small vessels during surgical procedures.
A tray for pelvic examinations typically includes lubricant, a vaginal speculum, and gloves.
Rhinoscope is utilized for examining the nose, and the autoclaving process starts timing once the proper pressure and temperature have been achieved.

Prognosis and Complications

Prognosis refers to predicting health outcomes, while complications are adverse effects that can arise from diseases or treatments.
Metastasis describes cancer cell growth from one tissue to another, and benign tumors are non-progressive and not life-threatening.

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Description

Test your knowledge with these NRCMA practice test flashcards. This quiz covers essential topics including blood alcohol testing, microscope usage, urine sample pH, and routine phlebotomy techniques. Perfect for those preparing for the NRCMA certification.