Untitled Quiz

Study Notes

Flat bone, divided into three parts:
- Manubrium (upper portion)
- Body (middle portion)
- Xiphoid process (inferior portion)
Approximately 7 inches long in adults

Numbered based on the thoracic vertebra they attach to (top-down)
- True ribs (1-7): connect directly to the sternum via costal cartilage
- False ribs (8-10): connect indirectly to the sternum via the costal cartilage of rib 7
- Floating ribs (11-12): have no connection to the sternum, lacking costal cartilage

Jugular notch (level of T2-T3 vertebrae)
Sternal angle (manubriosternal joint, level of intervertebral disk between T4 and T5)
Xiphoid process (inferior tip of sternum, located at T9-T10)
Inferior rib (costal) angle (aka inferior costal margin, L2-L3)
Locating lower ribs and abdomen
First 7 pairs of ribs (true ribs) connect to the sternum through costocartilage
Sternum has 7 facets to accommodate the cartilage for each rib attachment

Technique factors: SID 40 inches, IR size 10 x 12 inches, portrait, Grid, KVp: 70-85
CR: Perpendicular to the IR, centered to the sternum, midway between the jugular notch and xiphoid process.
Superimposition: Sternum superimposed on the heart shadow, not superimposed by vertebrae

Technique factors: SID 40 inches, IR size 10 x 12 inches, portrait, Grid, KVp: 75-85
CR: Perpendicular to the IR, centered on the sternum midway between jugular notch and xiphoid process.
Respiration: suspend respiration on inspiration
Superimposition: Entire sternum, no superimposition of ribs

Technique factors: SID 40 inches, 8 x 10 inches, landscape, Grid, KVp: 75-85
CR: Perpendicular
Plane: Midsagittal plane at level of T2-T3, or 3 inches distal to vertebra prominens (C7).
Respiration: suspend on expiration
Anatomy Demonstrated: Bilateral left and right SC joints, lateral aspect of manubrium and medial portions of clavicles, seen through superimposing ribs and lungs.

Technique factors: SID 40 inches, IR size 8 x 10 inches, landscape, Grid, KVp 75-85
CR: Perpendicular to T2-T3, or 3 inches distal to vertebra prominens.
Plane: 1–2 inches lateral to midsagittal plane
Respiration: suspend on expiration
Anatomy demonstrated: Manibrium, medial portion of clavicles, sternoclavicular joint best demonstrated on the downside, downside SC joint with no superimposition of vertebral column/manibrium.

Technique factors: SID 40 inches; 72 inches can be used to minimize magnification, IR size is 14 x 17 inches, landscape, Grid, KVp: 75-85
CR: Perpendicular to IR; Mid-sagittal plane at level 3/4 inches below the jugular notch.
Respiration: suspend on deep inspiration for above diaphragm, full expiration for below.
Anatomy demonstrated: above, Ribs 1-9. Below, Ribs 10-12

Technique factors: SID 40 inches; 72 inches can be used to minimize magnification, IR size 14 x 17 inches, landscape, Grid, KVp: 75-85
CR: Perpendicular to IR; Mid-sagittal plane at level of T7.
Respiration: Inspiration
Anatomy demonstrated: Ribs 1–9 above diaphragm.

###Posterior Oblique (RPO, LPO) Ribs

This section does not contain a consistent method for determining CR and technique.
Specific factors are given, but with no mention of specific methods for determining best results.

Technique factors: SID 40 inches; 72 inch can be used to minimize magnification, IR size 14 x 17 inches, landscape, Grid, KVp 75-85
CR: Perpendicular to IR
Above diaphragm: Level 3/4 inches below jugular notch (T7) for posterior oblique, or 7-8 inches below vertebra prominens (T7) for anterior oblique.
Below diaphragm: Midway between xiphoid process and lower rib margin.
Respiration: Inspiration (above), exhalation (below).
Anatomy demonstrated: Above Ribs 1-9, below Ribs 10-12. Axillary ribs in profile.