NPA Cyber Security: Digital Forensics Levels 4-6
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Questions and Answers

What triggers the need for an investigation in the context of Digital Forensics?

  • A law enforcement agency receives a report of a suspected crime (correct)
  • A digital device is found in a compromised state
  • A citizen anonymously reports a crime
  • A crime is confirmed to have occurred

    • Which of the following best defines Digital Forensics?

  • The recovery and interpretation of electronic data to solve a crime (correct)
  • The assessment of physical evidence at a crime scene
  • The analysis of social media activity to detect crimes
  • The use of psychological profiling in criminal investigations

    • Which agency is NOT mentioned as a potential source for reporting an incident?

  • A children's charity
  • The local community center (correct)
  • The Police
  • Interpol

    • What is the primary goal of Digital Forensics investigations?

    <p>To preserve evidence in its original form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of evidence does Digital Forensics focus on?

    <p>Electronic data from digital devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has the evolution of digital devices affected law enforcement?

    <p>It has necessitated the use of Digital Forensics in investigations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does applying Computer Scientific tests involve in Digital Forensics?

    <p>Recovering and interpreting electronic data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who can initiate the reporting of an incident that may require Digital Forensics?

    <p>Any private citizen or organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether a case will be tried in the Sheriff Court or the High Court?

    <p>The seriousness of the charges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who typically presents the prosecution case in the Sheriff Court?

    <p>The Depute Procurator Fiscal or Procurator Fiscal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason the Procurator Fiscal might not proceed to trial?

    <p>Insufficient evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required of a Digital Forensic Examiner when giving evidence in a trial?

    <p>To explain their examination in straightforward language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What title is used to refer to all cases presented by The Crown?

    <p>The Crown versus ...</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must the evidence provided by a Digital Forensic Examiner be in order to withstand questioning?

    <p>Clear, unambiguous, and unbiased</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which office handles cases that are deemed too serious for the Sheriff Court?

    <p>Office of the Lord Advocate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle of Scots law requires evidence to be disclosed?

    <p>Disclosure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of file is typically used to gather information about network traffic?

    <p>pcap file</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information may be included in a mobile device's call history?

    <p>Locations of calls made</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method do criminals commonly use to hide their communications online?

    <p>TOR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge does encryption in mobile devices pose for examiners?

    <p>It requires advanced techniques to access data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following records can be retrieved from a smartphone even when it is not in use?

    <p>Location data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant characteristic of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) used by criminals?

    <p>They conceal both sender and receiver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of mobile devices is NOT mentioned as retrievable during forensic examination?

    <p>Application usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potentially makes the retrieval of encrypted data time-consuming for examiners?

    <p>Powerful processing requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using a Write Blocker during forensic examinations?

    <p>To prevent any alterations to the original data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should occur if the working copy is accidentally altered?

    <p>The examiner should document the alterations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between the prime copy and the working copy?

    <p>Both should be exactly the same at all times.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily required when making a copy of a storage medium?

    <p>Ensuring the original data cannot be altered during the process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the storage medium connected during the imaging process using a Write Blocker?

    <p>To the Write Blocker first, then to another storage device</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of copy is created alongside the working copy during forensic imaging?

    <p>The prime copy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action must be taken with the prime copy when it is not in use?

    <p>It should be stored securely in a fireproof safe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What application can be used to create an exact image of a device’s storage when it cannot be easily removed?

    <p>FTK Imager</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Hashing in digital forensics?

    <p>To create a unique identifier for data copies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hashing technique is NOT mentioned as commonly used in digital forensics?

    <p>SHA 256</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to use copies of original data in forensic examinations?

    <p>To maintain the original data's integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Hash Code indicate about the data?

    <p>If the copy matches the original</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is often referred to as the 'DNA Fingerprint' of data?

    <p>Hash Codes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of not demonstrating that a copy is an exact reproduction of the original?

    <p>The evidence may be considered worthless in court</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the reliability of data copies ensured in forensic examinations?

    <p>Through the application of hashing techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of evidence is preferred in a criminal case?

    <p>Best Evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a Digital Forensic Examiner in relation to evidence?

    <p>To gather evidence and report facts neutrally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be included in the report produced by Digital Forensic Examiners?

    <p>A detailed timeline of evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who decides if there is enough evidence to proceed to trial in Scotland?

    <p>The Procurator Fiscal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the chain of custody important in forensic evidence?

    <p>It helps establish the authenticity and reliability of the evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a Digital Forensic Examiner do if evidence suggests someone is innocent?

    <p>Report it to the lead investigator for further consideration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one responsibility of the Digital Forensic Examiner when testifying in court?

    <p>To explain technical findings in an understandable manner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome if a Digital Forensic Examiner is biased in their examination?

    <p>The evidence may be deemed inadmissible in court.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the timeline created by a Digital Forensic Examiner indicate?

    <p>The sequence of events related to the suspect and potential evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    NPA Cyber Security - Digital Forensics

    • This document is learner notes for the National Progression Award in Cyber Security, specifically focusing on Digital Forensics.
    • The notes are for Levels 4, 5, and 6 (National 4, 5, and Higher).
    • Sections are clearly marked with the relevant level.
    • Notes include practical tasks to aid in understanding the theory and enhancing practical skills in cybersecurity.
    • The material is best used with guidance from a teacher.
    • Funding by the Scottish Government, through the National Cyber Security Programme, in partnership with the National Cyber Resilience Leaders' Board.

    Introduction to Digital Forensics

    • The notes cover Data Security, Digital Forensics, and Ethical Hacking.
    • The material covers all three levels (Level 4, Level 5, and Level 6).
    • Students can choose to read specific level sections, or the entire document.
    • Practical tasks are recommended to aid understanding and practical skill development.
    • Teacher guidance and supplementary information are beneficial for enhanced learning.

    Contents

    • Introduction: Four Principles of Digital Evidence
    • Data Acquisition: Data acquisition, at the crime scene, capturing digital evidence, imaging memory and drives, verification of data.
    • The Digital Forensics Process: The process from incident to verdict; incident, investigation start (the Computer Misuse Act, 1990, the Regulation of Investigatory Powers (Scotland), Act 2000, the Human Rights Act, 1998, seizure (by warrant and voluntary surrender)), digital forensic examination, acquisition, analysis, reporting and trial.
    • Analysing Digital Evidence: Timeline Analysis, Relationships, Network Analysis (Level 6), Reporting findings.
    • Further Study: Topics for further research into Cyber Security, including the use of smartphones and social media, internet of things devices, and digital assistant technologies.

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    Description

    This quiz focuses on Digital Forensics within the National Progression Award in Cyber Security. It provides learner notes for Levels 4, 5, and 6, including practical tasks to enhance theoretical understanding and skill development. The content is designed for use with teacher guidance.

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