NoSQL Database Fundamentals

NoSQL Overview

• NoSQL is a family of non-relational databases
• Non-relational databases do not rely on primary-secondary key relationships
• This contrasts with SQL databases

NoSQL Advantages

• Handles unstructured data storage
• Provides scalability (ability to handle increasing data volumes by adding more servers)
• Offers high availability (functions continuously without interruption)
• Enables fast development (supports agile environments requiring constant feedback and fast iterations)
• Enables management for large amounts of unstructured data

ACID vs BASE

• ACID properties are used in Relational Databases (SQL)
  • Atomicity - Transactions occur as a whole (all or nothing)
  • Consistency - Data remains consistent across all users
  • Isolation - Transactions do not affect each other
  • Durability - Data is persistent even during failures
• BASE properties are used in Non-Relational Databases (NoSQL)
  • Basically Available - Opposite of Isolation
  • Soft state - Data may be in intermediate states
  • Eventually consistent - Data eventually becomes consistent

NoSQL Types

• Document (stores data in documents and collections)
• Key-value (stores data in key-value pairs)
• Column-family (stores data in columns indexed by rows)
• Graph (stores data in nodes connected by relationships)

Document Databases (Example: MongoDB)

• Stores data in documents and collections
• Enables storing all data about one object in a single document/collection (eliminating the need to separate into multiple parts)

Key-Value Databases

• Stores data as key-value pairs
• Intermediate storage type between SQL and Document databases

Column-Family Databases

• Stores data in columns
• Allows different kinds of data to be stored in various rows (flexible)

Graph Databases

• Stores data in connected nodes
• Useful for representing relationships and connections between data points

Use Cases for Different NoSQL Types

• Use a document database for social media or content management systems.
• Use a key-value database for caching or simple data storage.
• Use a column-family database for storing data with varying row structures
• Use a graph databases for relationships in social networks

MongoDB CRUD Operations

• CRUD stands for Create, Read, Update, Delete
• find() - Used to retrieve documents fulfilling specified criteria
• insertOne() - Used to insert a single document
• insertMany()- Used to insert multiple documents
• updateOne() - Used to update a matching document
• updateMany() - Used to update multiple matching documents
• deleteOne()- Used to delete a document
• deleteMany()- Used to delete multiple documents

MongoDB Commands

• show dbs — Displays available databases
• use database_name — Selects a specific database
• show collections — Displays collections in a database

Explore the basics of NoSQL databases, including their advantages over traditional SQL databases. Learn about key concepts such as unstructured data management, scalability, and the differences between ACID and BASE properties. This quiz will deepen your understanding of modern data storage solutions.