North American Indigenous People History
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Questions and Answers

What theory suggests how people came to North America during 1000-1200 BC?

  • The Bering Strait theory (correct)
  • The Subsistent Economy theory
  • The Mercantilism theory
  • The Colonization theory

What was the basic economy of the ancient Indigenous societies based on?

  • Fur trading and agriculture
  • Economy and civilization
  • Subsistence and colonization
  • Hunting and gathering (correct)

What was the role of women in ancient Indigenous societies?

  • Council members and elders
  • Cooking, gathering, and craft making (correct)
  • Warriors and hunters
  • Fur traders and farmers

What is the term used to describe the approach of utilizing all available resources around them in ancient Indigenous societies?

<p>Subsistent economy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What prompted the contact between Indigenous people and Europeans?

<p>Mercantilism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is believed to have been above water during the last Ice Age according to scientists?

<p>Bering Strait (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the ways Europeans were able to conquer the Indigenous peoples?

<p>By spreading diseases to which the Indigenous peoples were not immune (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor helped the Europeans to have a military advantage during colonization?

<p>Possession of advanced weapons like guns (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What system is described as the colonizer exploiting the colony by using natural resources and converting them into products for profit?

<p>Mercantilism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of colonialism is characterized by the conversion of Indigenous peoples to Christianity?

<p>Missionaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the pillars of colonialism related to political power?

<p>Government (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which person is referred to as the 'godfather of New France' due to his influence on the political aspect of colonialism?

<p>Samuel de Champlain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Educate, catechize, and convert' were the fundamental principles followed by which group during colonialism?

<p><strong>Jesuits</strong> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Spread of the Christian faith' was considered a duty by many Europeans during colonialism due to their belief in:

<p><strong>Religious impulse</strong> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributed significantly to the conquest of Indigenous peoples in Canada?

<p><strong>Germs</strong> from Europe causing diseases that the Indigenous peoples were not immune to (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of colonialism focused on exploiting natural resources for economic benefit?

<p>Mercantilism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ancient Indigenous societies consisted with everyone having a role/task and the chief looked over along with the ______ (elders).

<p>council</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the summer and fall, it was ______. In winter and spring, it was fur trading.

<p>farming</p> Signup and view all the answers

It was called a subsistent economy: used all available resources around them to the best of their ______.

<p>abilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

Different tribes started to ______ and emerge.

<p>evolve</p> Signup and view all the answers

Reasons of colonization Mercantilism: the colonizer exploits the colony by verge of using the natural resources and converting into a product and making ______.

<p>money</p> Signup and view all the answers

Some scientists believe that people used this land bridge to migrate from Asia to North ______.

<p>America</p> Signup and view all the answers

European conquest of new lands was facilitated by their advantage in guns, germs, and ______.

<p>steel</p> Signup and view all the answers

Colonialism involved the control and exploitation of a territory through ______.

<p>settlement</p> Signup and view all the answers

The mother country (colonizing country) was primarily interested in exploiting the colony's natural resources to turn them into ______.

<p>money</p> Signup and view all the answers

The system of colonialism that involved exploiting the colony's natural resources and converting them into products for profit is called ______.

<p>mercantilism</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the pillars of colonialism related to the political aspect and power was ______.

<p>government</p> Signup and view all the answers

The economical aspect of colonialism was primarily focused on ______.

<p>fur trade</p> Signup and view all the answers

The religious aspect of colonialism involved trying to convert indigenous peoples to ______.

<p>Christianity</p> Signup and view all the answers

The fundamentalist point of view of the missionaries led them to believe they had to educate, catechize, and ______ Indigenous peoples.

<p>convert</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Europeans were able to conquer the Indigenous peoples with their military advantage in guns, germs, and ______.

<p>steel</p> Signup and view all the answers

The political aspect and power of colonialism was influenced by figures like Champlain, who was considered the 'godfather of New France' due to his influence on the ______.

<p>government</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Bering Strait Theory

A theory suggesting how people crossed over from Asia to North America during 1000-1200 BC through a land bridge across the Bering Strait.

Hunting and Gathering Economy

The primary source of sustenance for ancient Indigenous societies, involving hunting, fishing, and gathering plants.

Women's Roles in Ancient Indigenous Society

The role women played in ancient Indigenous societies, encompassing tasks such as cooking, gathering food and resources, and crafting items.

Subsistent Economy

A practice where societies utilize all available resources around them efficiently to sustain themselves.

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Mercantilism

European economic policy driving colonization, focused on exploiting colonies' resources for profit.

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Bering Strait Land Bridge

The land bridge believed to have been above water during the last Ice Age, connecting Asia and North America.

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Disease Transmission during Colonization

A major factor contributing to the decline of Indigenous populations during colonization, as they lacked immunity to diseases brought from Europe.

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European Military Advantage

A significant advantage Europeans had during colonization, using advanced weapons like guns to outmaneuver Indigenous people.

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Colonial Exploitation

The system used by colonizers to exploit colonies and convert their natural resources into profitable products.

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Missionaries and Conversion

The process of converting Indigenous people to Christianity, a significant aspect of colonial efforts.

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Government in Colonization

The political aspect of colonialism, involving the establishment of a sovereign government over a colony.

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Samuel de Champlain: The Godfather of New France

A key figure in the development of New France, known for his influence on political structures during colonization.

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Jesuit Principles: Educate, Catechize, and Convert

Core principles followed by Jesuits during colonialism, focusing on educating, teaching Christianity, and converting Indigenous peoples.

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Religious Impulse in Colonization

The belief that spreading Christianity was a duty for Europeans during colonization, based on religious convictions.

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Germs as a Weapon in Colonization

A critical factor in the success of European colonization, as Indigenous populations were susceptible to diseases like smallpox.

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Mercantilism in Colonialism

Exploitation of colonies' natural resources for economic benefit, a core component of European colonialism.

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Chief and Elders' Roles in Indigenous Society

In traditional Indigenous societies, elders provided guidance and leadership alongside the chief, contributing to collective decision-making.

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Seasonal Activities in Ancient Indigenous Society

The cyclical nature of Indigenous societies, with farming and agriculture dominating in summer and fall, and fur trading becoming prominent in winter and spring.

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Indigenous Use of Resources

The Indigenous approach to resource management, utilizing all available resources efficiently and prudently.

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Evolution of Indigenous Tribes

The evolutionary nature of Indigenous tribes, demonstrating adaptation and change over time.

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Mercantilism: Exploitation for Profit

The core principle of mercantilism, involving the exploitation of colonies' resources to manufacture goods and generate profit.

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Land Bridge Between Asia and North America

The potential land bridge connecting Asia and North America, believed to have existed during the last Ice Age.

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Guns, Germs, and Steel: European Conquest

The key factors contributing to European conquest, encompassing weapons, disease, and technological advantages.

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Colonialism: Control and Exploitation

The establishment and control of a territory by another country, often involving the exploitation of resources and people.

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Colonial Exploitation of Resources

The primary aim of colonizers, which was to exploit colonies' resources for profit to enrich the mother country.

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Mercantilism: Exploitation for Profit

A system of colonialism focused on exploiting colonies' resources to produce goods for profit, driving economic growth for the colonizer.

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Government in Colonization

The political structure established by colonizers to maintain control over a territory.

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Economic Aspects of Colonization

The economic aspect of colonization, primarily focused on exploiting fur trade and extracting profits.

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Conversion of Indigenous Peoples to Christianity

The effort to forcibly convert Indigenous peoples to Christianity, a dominant feature of religious colonialism.

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Missionary Principles: Educate, Catechize, and Convert

The fundamental principle of missionary action during colonialism, involving educating, teaching Christianity, and converting Indigenous people.

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Guns, Germs, and Steel: European Conquest

The primary tools employed by Europeans to conquer Indigenous populations, giving them military superiority.

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Champlain's Role in New France

The crucial influence of Samuel de Champlain on political structures and the development of New France during colonization.

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