Norms of Morality and Law
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Questions and Answers

What characterizes a scrupulous conscience?

  • It questions the morality of one's actions without any basis.
  • It easily dismisses serious acts as trivial.
  • It sees an act as good even when it is sinful.
  • It is overly critical and perceives sin where there is none. (correct)

    • Which statement best describes a certain conscience?

  • One believes an act is right when it is actually wrong.
  • One has absolute confidence that their moral judgment is correct. (correct)
  • One is completely unsure about the morality of an act.
  • One trivializes serious moral issues.

    • What is the main concern of a lax conscience?

  • It reflects a stage of constant questioning of morality.
  • It completely disregards the moral implications of serious sins. (correct)
  • It misjudges the nature of actions as either good or evil.
  • It leads to excessive guilt about minor mistakes.

    • How does a doubtful conscience differ from other types?

    <p>It entails uncertainty about the morality of one's actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines an erroneous or false conscience?

    <p>Believing an action to be morally right despite evidence of its wrongness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What serves as the foundation for the existence of law according to the text?

    <p>Basic values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of law is directly attributed to God?

    <p>Divine law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of negative law?

    <p>Prohibits certain actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of duration, which type of law refers to human law that expresses eternal law?

    <p>Temporal law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of violation involves both fault and penalty?

    <p>Mixed law violation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of law is enacted through a positive act?

    <p>Divine positive law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an effect of violating moral law?

    <p>Fault or sin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of law is concerned with state matters?

    <p>Human positive law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a human act as good and moral according to the principles described?

    <p>It leads man to his last end.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to St. Thomas Aquinas, what is law defined as?

    <p>An ordinance of reason, promulgated by competent authority for the sake of the common good.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the four essential elements of a good law?

    <p>Public Approval</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of conscience in relation to moral law?

    <p>It applies the law to individual situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic of law emphasizes its purpose for the community as a whole?

    <p>Common Good</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required of individuals concerning their knowledge of moral laws?

    <p>They must know and obey them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between human reason and moral laws?

    <p>Human reason discovers and applies moral principles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect differentiates a moral law from a non-moral guideline?

    <p>Moral laws stem from divine sources and reason.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes subjective morality from objective morality?

    <p>Subjective morality relies on personal conscience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of objective norms in moral decision-making?

    <p>They act as external guidelines based on law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do subjective and objective norms interact in guiding moral decisions?

    <p>They work together to evaluate actions based on both laws and personal conscience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the goodness or evil of a human act according to the norms of morality?

    <p>The conformity of the act to law and personal conscience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the conscience represent in terms of moral norms?

    <p>A subjective guide influenced by individual knowledge and freedom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following reflects a correct understanding of immoral actions?

    <p>Immoral actions are those that disagree with accepted norms of morality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the law play in the context of objective morality?

    <p>It provides authoritative standards for evaluating actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about human acts is accurate according to the principles outlined?

    <p>Human acts may be legal but still considered immoral.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Divine Laws from Human Laws?

    <p>Divine Laws come directly from God and cannot be changed by humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of Ecclesiastical Law?

    <p>Canon Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is it appropriate to rely on conscience to differentiate right from wrong?

    <p>Only when the law is absent or unjust.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does conscience function as a subjective norm of morality?

    <p>It provides a practical judgment based on individual reasoning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Moral Norms/Laws in a community?

    <p>To prevent moral paralysis and establish patterns of behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of an uninformed conscience?

    <p>Can lead to biased and subjective conclusions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the priority when there is a conflict between law and conscience?

    <p>Law must prevail over ordinary conscience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an informed conscience entail?

    <p>It considers various sources of moral guidance and facts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Norms of Morality

    • Norm is a standard, principle, or rule that guides behavior and conduct.
    • Custom is a long-established practice that becomes a part of unwritten law.
    • Subjective norm is based on personal beliefs and values (e.g., conscience).
    • Objective norm is established by external laws and principles (e.g., law).

    Objective Norm: Law

    • Law is an ordinance of reason, established by competent authority for the common good.
    • Elements of a Good Law:
      • Ordinance of Reason: The law should be logical and based on reasonable principles.
      • Common Good: The law should benefit all citizens and promote the overall welfare of society.
      • Promulgated: The law should be officially published and made known to the public.
      • Competent Authority: The law should be enacted by a legitimate authority (e.g., legislative body).

    Types of Law

    • Eternal Law: God's plan for the universe, and the divine order of things.
    • Natural Law: God’s will and principles revealed through human reason, to do good and avoid evil.
    • Moral Law: Apprehended by reason, this law is the basis for distinctions between right and wrong.
    • Positive Law: This is a law enacted by a human authority, either divine or secular.
      • Divine Positive Law: Special commands of God revealed through signs and messages.
      • Human Positive Law: Laws created by humans, encompassing:
    • Civil Law: Laws of the state.
    • Ecclesiastical/Canon Law: Laws of the Church.

    Classifications of Law

    • Author:
      • Human Law: Created by humans (civil and ecclesiastical)
      • Divine Law: Originates directly from God.
    • Duration:
      • Eternal: Universal and unchanging aspects of God’s plan.
      • Temporal: Human laws that change over time, based on social needs.
    • Promulgation:
      • Natural: Understood through reason and natural order.
      • Positive: Created by a deliberate act of legislation.
    • Prescriptive/Prohibitive:
      • Affirmative: Law requires a particular action.
      • Negative: Law forbids certain actions.
    • Effect of Violation:
      • Moral: Violation results in guilt and sin.
      • Penal: Violation results in punishment.
      • Mixed: Violation leads to both guilt and punishment.

    Human Laws

    • Divine Laws are laws coming directly from God (e.g., Ten Commandments).
      • Divine Laws cannot be changed by humans.
    • Human Laws are laws made by the Church or State authorities.
      • Ecclesiastical Law: Laws enacted by the Church (e.g., Canon Law).
      • Civil Law: Laws enacted by the State (e.g., Philippine Constitution).

    Functions of Moral Norms

    • Moral Memory: Laws reflect a community's accumulated wisdom and values.
    • Prevent Moral Paralysis: They provide guidelines for behavior and value choices.
    • Consistency and Stability: They promote order and predictable moral standards.
    • Challenge and Growth: They push us to strive for higher moral ideals.

    Subjective Norm: Conscience

    • Conscience is a practical judgment of reason that guides us to do good and avoid evil.
      • Subjective norm: It is influenced by personal beliefs and experiences.
      • Final Say: It plays a critical role in decision making.
    • Use of Conscience:
      • Doubtful Law: Conscience helps when laws are unclear or questionable.
      • Unjust Law: Conscience can guide in challenging unjust legislation.
      • Informed Conscience: A well-formed conscience, developed through reflection and guidance, is vital.

    Kinds of Conscience

    • Doubtful: Uncertainty about the right action.
    • Scrupulous: Exaggerated fear of sin, even when actions are not sinful.
    • Lax: Minimizing or ignoring sin.
    • Erroneous/False: Misjudgment of right and wrong.
    • Certain: Clear conviction about the moral rightness of an action.
    • True/Correct: Accurate judgment of good and evil.

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    Norms of Morality (Law & Conscience) PDF

    Description

    Explore the key concepts of morality, norms, and the law in this engaging quiz. Understand the differences between subjective and objective norms, the elements of good law, and the types of law including eternal law. Test your knowledge on these foundational principles that guide human behavior and legal systems.

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