Podcast
Questions and Answers
What characterizes a scrupulous conscience?
What characterizes a scrupulous conscience?
- It questions the morality of one's actions without any basis.
- It easily dismisses serious acts as trivial.
- It sees an act as good even when it is sinful.
- It is overly critical and perceives sin where there is none. (correct)
Which statement best describes a certain conscience?
Which statement best describes a certain conscience?
- One believes an act is right when it is actually wrong.
- One has absolute confidence that their moral judgment is correct. (correct)
- One is completely unsure about the morality of an act.
- One trivializes serious moral issues.
What is the main concern of a lax conscience?
What is the main concern of a lax conscience?
- It reflects a stage of constant questioning of morality.
- It completely disregards the moral implications of serious sins. (correct)
- It misjudges the nature of actions as either good or evil.
- It leads to excessive guilt about minor mistakes.
How does a doubtful conscience differ from other types?
How does a doubtful conscience differ from other types?
What defines an erroneous or false conscience?
What defines an erroneous or false conscience?
What serves as the foundation for the existence of law according to the text?
What serves as the foundation for the existence of law according to the text?
Which type of law is directly attributed to God?
Which type of law is directly attributed to God?
What is the characteristic of negative law?
What is the characteristic of negative law?
In terms of duration, which type of law refers to human law that expresses eternal law?
In terms of duration, which type of law refers to human law that expresses eternal law?
Which type of violation involves both fault and penalty?
Which type of violation involves both fault and penalty?
What type of law is enacted through a positive act?
What type of law is enacted through a positive act?
Which of the following is an effect of violating moral law?
Which of the following is an effect of violating moral law?
Which type of law is concerned with state matters?
Which type of law is concerned with state matters?
What defines a human act as good and moral according to the principles described?
What defines a human act as good and moral according to the principles described?
According to St. Thomas Aquinas, what is law defined as?
According to St. Thomas Aquinas, what is law defined as?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four essential elements of a good law?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four essential elements of a good law?
What is the role of conscience in relation to moral law?
What is the role of conscience in relation to moral law?
Which characteristic of law emphasizes its purpose for the community as a whole?
Which characteristic of law emphasizes its purpose for the community as a whole?
What is required of individuals concerning their knowledge of moral laws?
What is required of individuals concerning their knowledge of moral laws?
Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between human reason and moral laws?
Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between human reason and moral laws?
What aspect differentiates a moral law from a non-moral guideline?
What aspect differentiates a moral law from a non-moral guideline?
What distinguishes subjective morality from objective morality?
What distinguishes subjective morality from objective morality?
Which of the following best describes the role of objective norms in moral decision-making?
Which of the following best describes the role of objective norms in moral decision-making?
How do subjective and objective norms interact in guiding moral decisions?
How do subjective and objective norms interact in guiding moral decisions?
What determines the goodness or evil of a human act according to the norms of morality?
What determines the goodness or evil of a human act according to the norms of morality?
What does the conscience represent in terms of moral norms?
What does the conscience represent in terms of moral norms?
Which of the following reflects a correct understanding of immoral actions?
Which of the following reflects a correct understanding of immoral actions?
What role does the law play in the context of objective morality?
What role does the law play in the context of objective morality?
Which statement about human acts is accurate according to the principles outlined?
Which statement about human acts is accurate according to the principles outlined?
What distinguishes Divine Laws from Human Laws?
What distinguishes Divine Laws from Human Laws?
What is an example of Ecclesiastical Law?
What is an example of Ecclesiastical Law?
When is it appropriate to rely on conscience to differentiate right from wrong?
When is it appropriate to rely on conscience to differentiate right from wrong?
How does conscience function as a subjective norm of morality?
How does conscience function as a subjective norm of morality?
What is the role of Moral Norms/Laws in a community?
What is the role of Moral Norms/Laws in a community?
What is a characteristic of an uninformed conscience?
What is a characteristic of an uninformed conscience?
What should be the priority when there is a conflict between law and conscience?
What should be the priority when there is a conflict between law and conscience?
What does an informed conscience entail?
What does an informed conscience entail?
Study Notes
Norms of Morality
- Norm is a standard, principle, or rule that guides behavior and conduct.
- Custom is a long-established practice that becomes a part of unwritten law.
- Subjective norm is based on personal beliefs and values (e.g., conscience).
- Objective norm is established by external laws and principles (e.g., law).
Objective Norm: Law
- Law is an ordinance of reason, established by competent authority for the common good.
- Elements of a Good Law:
- Ordinance of Reason: The law should be logical and based on reasonable principles.
- Common Good: The law should benefit all citizens and promote the overall welfare of society.
- Promulgated: The law should be officially published and made known to the public.
- Competent Authority: The law should be enacted by a legitimate authority (e.g., legislative body).
Types of Law
- Eternal Law: God's plan for the universe, and the divine order of things.
- Natural Law: God’s will and principles revealed through human reason, to do good and avoid evil.
- Moral Law: Apprehended by reason, this law is the basis for distinctions between right and wrong.
- Positive Law: This is a law enacted by a human authority, either divine or secular.
- Divine Positive Law: Special commands of God revealed through signs and messages.
- Human Positive Law: Laws created by humans, encompassing:
- Civil Law: Laws of the state.
- Ecclesiastical/Canon Law: Laws of the Church.
Classifications of Law
- Author:
- Human Law: Created by humans (civil and ecclesiastical)
- Divine Law: Originates directly from God.
- Duration:
- Eternal: Universal and unchanging aspects of God’s plan.
- Temporal: Human laws that change over time, based on social needs.
- Promulgation:
- Natural: Understood through reason and natural order.
- Positive: Created by a deliberate act of legislation.
- Prescriptive/Prohibitive:
- Affirmative: Law requires a particular action.
- Negative: Law forbids certain actions.
- Effect of Violation:
- Moral: Violation results in guilt and sin.
- Penal: Violation results in punishment.
- Mixed: Violation leads to both guilt and punishment.
Human Laws
- Divine Laws are laws coming directly from God (e.g., Ten Commandments).
- Divine Laws cannot be changed by humans.
- Human Laws are laws made by the Church or State authorities.
- Ecclesiastical Law: Laws enacted by the Church (e.g., Canon Law).
- Civil Law: Laws enacted by the State (e.g., Philippine Constitution).
Functions of Moral Norms
- Moral Memory: Laws reflect a community's accumulated wisdom and values.
- Prevent Moral Paralysis: They provide guidelines for behavior and value choices.
- Consistency and Stability: They promote order and predictable moral standards.
- Challenge and Growth: They push us to strive for higher moral ideals.
Subjective Norm: Conscience
- Conscience is a practical judgment of reason that guides us to do good and avoid evil.
- Subjective norm: It is influenced by personal beliefs and experiences.
- Final Say: It plays a critical role in decision making.
- Use of Conscience:
- Doubtful Law: Conscience helps when laws are unclear or questionable.
- Unjust Law: Conscience can guide in challenging unjust legislation.
- Informed Conscience: A well-formed conscience, developed through reflection and guidance, is vital.
Kinds of Conscience
- Doubtful: Uncertainty about the right action.
- Scrupulous: Exaggerated fear of sin, even when actions are not sinful.
- Lax: Minimizing or ignoring sin.
- Erroneous/False: Misjudgment of right and wrong.
- Certain: Clear conviction about the moral rightness of an action.
- True/Correct: Accurate judgment of good and evil.
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Description
Explore the key concepts of morality, norms, and the law in this engaging quiz. Understand the differences between subjective and objective norms, the elements of good law, and the types of law including eternal law. Test your knowledge on these foundational principles that guide human behavior and legal systems.
