NORAC Operating Rules: 12th Edition

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a PRIMARY duty of dispatchers regarding train movements?

  • Directing train car maintenance and repairs.
  • Issuing authorities for movement and providing other instructions. (correct)
  • Ensuring passengers are comfortable and have necessary amenities.
  • Maintaining accurate records of train car defects.

Under what circumstance can employees use radios for something other that train operations?

  • During lunch breaks in designated employees only areas
  • When authorized by the company (correct)
  • When no dispatchers are on duty
  • When there are delays of at least thirty minutes

What action must employees take regarding potentially hazardous situations discovered while on duty?

  • They should wait until the end of their shift to report the situation in writing.
  • They are not required to report the situation as long as no immediate danger is present.
  • They should address the situation at their own discretion.
  • They should report the situation to the Dispatcher using the quickest available communication means. (correct)

Under what circumstance can a switch be left in reverse?

<p>When the train crew is authorized by Form D line 13. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition requires a train operating at restricted speed to stop?

<p>Derails are ahead set in the derailing position. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the required action conveyed by the aspect of a signal?

<p>Signal indication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is it permissible to handle a coupling at a speed exceeding 4 mph?

<p>Never. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the procedure for responding to a radio call?

<p>Identify employing railroad, station and the mobile radio unit. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should a train Engineer take if they're approaching an unattended fusee?

<p>Reduce to Restricted Speed and continue, consistent with good train handling procedures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if an employee is injured by appliances on engines or cars?

<p>The equipment must be immediately inspected, identified properly, protected, and removed from service if defective. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the requirements if all headlight bulbs fail while a train is en route at night?

<p>The engineer must illuminate external engine lights, ring the bell, sound the horn frequently and reduce speed at highway crossings and other locations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When must employees wear corrective lenses to perform their duties?

<p>When their duties require them to distinguish the color or position of signals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the requirement to protect Company affairs and property?

<p>To prevent the divulging of the Company's business affairs to unauthorized persons. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action is required when approaching a public highway-rail crossing at grade?

<p>Sound the engine whistle or horn from 15 to 20 seconds before occupying the crossing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When are train-and-engine crews required to notify the appropriate Train Dispatcher concerning their on-duty time?

<p>Not less than three hours before the expiration of their legal on-duty period. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the correct definition of "Fouling a Track"?

<p>Being within a certain distance of a track where an individual could be struck by a moving train. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Regarding test weight cars, what action must Conductors take to notify Engineers that test weight cars are in the train?

<p>Advise Engineers that test weight cars are in their train. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to NORAC rules, what is a Distant Signal used for?

<p>To govern the approach of a train to a home signal. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to NORAC rules, what action MUST a work crew take before going on, under, or between engines and/or cars to perform work?

<p>All work crews must display their own Blue Signals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal position for a main track hand-operated switch, unless otherwise specified?

<p>Lined for the main track (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the conditions for acceptable reasons for UNNECESSARILY delaying trains?

<p>Employees should never unnecessarily delay trains. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What qualifications allow a person to operate an engine?

<p>Being a qualified employee, or a trainee under supervision. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is flag protection required for trains on adjacent tracks?

<p>As required by Rule 131, &quot;Protecting Work Locations Qualified Employee's Duties,” Rule 132, “Protection for the Safe Passage of Trains,” or Rule 136, &quot;Emergency Stops: Protection.&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A form D is a primary means for issuing what?

<p>Movement authorities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for providing the information contained within form D's

<p>Dispatcher (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which list contains examples of what must be included on a Dispatcher's transfer?

<p>Outstanding Form D's, authorities, weather conditions, and messages. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should numerals be communicated over the radio, for line items 1 through 13 on a Form D.

<p>Digit by Digit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the steps to restore a route after a a dual control switch must be hand operated?

<p>Place the &quot;Hand Throw” and “Selector” levers in positions designated by the Dispatcher and secure with switch locks, after the entire moment has passed over the switch (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When operating on a track without signals by only using cab signals, where does one find procedures for doing so?

<p>Rule 562 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What steps are required when operating against the current of traffic on a main track within yard limits?

<p>Permission of the Dispatcher to make train movement. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the correct process for reporting "clear of a main track at a hand operated switch?"

<p>Before reporting clear the job must be briefed between all crew members to confirm the position of the switch, and the report must not be made until switches and derails have been secured in normal position. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate action to take after the derailment

<p>Make sure proper and safe signals stop trains and protect all appliances, contact dispatcher. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In regards to blue signal protection, what must be achieved before completing any task where work will be completed under between or near equipment?

<p>All crafts or group of what must display their own blue signals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does NORAC regulation state regarding an employee in charge accepting a good-faith challenge?

<p>The supervisor will not require the employee to comply with the directive until the challenge is resolved. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsibility of employees if they are unsure about the meaning or application of a rule?

<p>To request an explanation from the proper authority. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstance can an employee challenge a directive?

<p>When the employee believes the directive would violate a railroad operating rule or special instruction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct procedure for an employee making a good faith challenge to a supervisor's directive?

<p>The employee must clearly explain how the directive will cause a violation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action can a supervisor take when an employee makes a good faith challenge?

<p>The supervisor can require the challenging employee to perform other unrelated tasks until the challenge is resolved. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What score must employees typically achieve on Operating Rules examinations?

<p>85% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What items must an employee present when reporting for an Operating Rules examination?

<p>Their Operating Rules book, Timetable, and other instructions or properly synched railroad-supplied electronic device. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the General Rules, what activities are specifically prohibited while on duty or on Company property?

<p>Gambling, fighting, or participating in any illegal, immoral or unauthorized activity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is an employee required to consult a Company medical officer regarding medication?

<p>When having questions about possible adverse effects of prescribed medication before reporting for duty. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate action for employees to take if they discover damaged Company property?

<p>Report it, and if endangered, unite to protect it. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should employees do with switch keys?

<p>They should be kept in secure places. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When are neutral gray tinted sunglasses permitted for employees?

<p>When exposed to direct rays or glare of the sun. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of eyeglasses are employees prohibited from wearing?

<p>Light-activated tinted eyeglasses. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstance should an employee report a medical condition?

<p>If the condition could impair their ability to perform their duties. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action employees must take when fouling tracks for railroad work?

<p>Expecting movement of trains, locomotives or other on-track equipment at any time and maintain a vigilant lookout. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which items are considered necessary equipment for employees whose duties require them to give signals?

<p>Proper equipment in good order, a red flag, white light, and fusees. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct use of flags and lights?

<p>Use flags of the prescribed color by day and lights of the prescribed color by night unless day signals cannot be plainly seen. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action is required when there is doubt concerning the meaning of a hand signal?

<p>Stop the movement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions should an unattended fusee apply to the adjacent track?

<p>An unattended buring fusee beyond the nearest rail with an adjacent track is moving (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must workmen do before going on, under, or between engines and/or cars, according to the Blue Signal rule?

<p>Display their own Blue Signals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action must an Engineer take if they know of emergency repairs that need to be done on or near their equipment, and a Blue Signal is unavailable?

<p>Apply the brakes, place the reverse lever in neutral, and open the generator field switch. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the procedure for a Utility Employee who has finished working with a train crew?

<p>The Utility Employee must notify the Conductor, who in turn must notify each crew member that the Utility Employee is no longer part of the crew. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where would you find the requirements for the protection of occupied camp cars?

<p>Miscellaneous signals section of the operating rules. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After the engine has been detached from the camp cars, what action is required to put the Occupied Camp Car in place??

<p>Notify the employee in charge of the track, line each switch against movement, and request protection from the employee controlling remote switches. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstance can Camp Cars be moved if they are occupied?

<p>All occupants have been notified. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken when approaching Roadway Workers or their equipment on or near the track?

<p>After an initial warning, sound two short whistle signals intermittently until the head end of train has passed the workers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be done if a Communicating Signal Appliance is inoperative?

<p>The train may proceed after Conductor and Engineer agree to how operation will proceed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is it permissible to extinguish a headlight?

<p>When on the end of an engine coupled to cars. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the requirement if all headlight bulbs fail en route?

<p>The engineer must illuminate all external engine lights that can be illuminated (except red strobe light), notify the Dispatcher, and ring the bell continuously. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When operating over public highway crossings at grade at speeds greater than 20mph, what is the requirement regarding auxiliar lights?

<p>The leading end of leading engines must be equipped with operative auxiliary lights. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When are trains required to display markers on the rear end?

<p>Each train occupying a main track or controlled siding outside of yard limits must display a marker on the rear end. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When are lights required on the front of the leading car when cars are pushed by an engine?

<p>At night, except when shifting or making up trains in yards. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions should the dispatcher immediately be notified?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct procedure when approaching an unattended burning fusee?

<p>Reduce immediately to Restricted Speed consistent with good train handling procedures and continue at Restricted Speed until the head end is one mile beyond the fusee. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the procedure for responding to a good-faith challenge?

<p>A challenge may be resolved by the supervisor's acceptance of the employee's request; an employee's acceptance of the supervisor's directive; an employee's agreement to a compromise solution acceptable to the person issuing the directive. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should employees respond when approaching a public highway-rail crossing at grade if the automatic highway crossing warning devices are not functioning properly?

<p>Comply with the Dispatcher of an automatic highway crossing warning device that is malfunctioning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances is an employee allowed to use neutral gray tinted sunglasses?

<p>When exposed to direct rays or glare of the sun. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the determining factor for a fixed signal to govern the usage of movements?

<p>The signal affects the movement of a train. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action should a train crew take FIRST if an emergency application of brakes occurs while moving?

<p>Protect adjacent tracks by an emergency radio transmission. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When can movements be made on a main track within yard limits?

<p>With permission from the train dispatcher. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of train operations, what defines 'fouling a track'?

<p>Being in proximity to a track where equipment could be struck by a moving train. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is blue signal protection required for workmen?

<p>Whenever assigned to inspect, test, repair, or service engines and/or cars. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what condition can a train continue at Normal Speed when operating with auxiliary lights?

<p>One of a pair of auxiliary lights fail en route, the defective auxiliary light must be repaired by the next calendar day. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should an employee take if they are unsure about a rule's application?

<p>Request an explanation from the proper authority. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is it permissible to operate a train or track car without a red flag or white light?

<p>It is never permissible. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initial step must be taken before initiating a radio transmission?

<p>Ensure that the channel is not in use. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can operations affecting a train be communicated when its being operated from other than the leading end?

<p>By using a crew member or qualified employee to provide point protection. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key employee responsibility regarding railroad tracks used for sleeping and rest?

<p>Must report any defects or conditions endangering train movement. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum authorized speed while inspection for unsafe equipment?

<p>not permitted (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indicator that alerts the crew to employ good judgement and care when handling potential high-impact cars?

<p>A four wheel test weight cars (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should railway employees use every precaution to prevent fires?

<p>To protect company property and prevent service disruptions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specific equipment is an employee is prohibited from tampering with, EXCEPT when authorized to do So?

<p>Interlocking appliances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What protocol must be followed when coupling equipment with spear-type couplers?

<p>Couple at speeds not exceeding 2 MPH. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

As per regulations, who is responsible for checking if cars and engines have undergone the proper inspections?

<p>Conductors and Engineers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the protocol must is required regarding the use of specific devices on locomotives that should not be removed enroute?

<p>controls, switches, and circuit breakers must be positioned so that traction power cannot be developed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstance can Blue signal Protection be utilized in Roadway Worker Protection?

<p>In the limits of a mechanical facility, work is incidental &amp; employee in charge is not RWP qualified. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Absolute Block

A block that must not be occupied by more than one train.

Authorized Business Purpose

A purpose directly related to tasks an employee is expected to perform during their duty, specified in writing.

Automatic Block Signal

A block signal activated by track circuit, interlocking, or controlled point circuits, indicating track condition and block occupancy.

Automatic Block Signal System (ABS)

A block signal system using automatic block signal, cab signal, or both.

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Automatic Train Stop (ATS)

A device on an engine causing a penalty brake application if the engineer fails to acknowledge a cab signal change to a more restrictive indication.

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Block

A length of track with defined limits where train movements are governed by signals or form D.

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Block Signal

A fixed signal displayed to trains at the entrance of a block to govern use of that block.

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Blocking Device

Control that prohibits switch/signal operation, restricts track access, or is used to protect specific operating rule(s).

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Blue Signal

A clearly distinguishable blue flag, light or tag signifying workers are on, under, or between equipment.

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Bolt-Lock Switch

A hand-operated switch with a pipe-connected locking device that shunts the signal system before switch point operation.

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Bulletin Order (BO)

A publication notifying employees of changes to rules/procedures.

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Cab Signal

Signal located in the engine compartment indicating track condition.

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Camp Car

Any on-track vehicle that’s used to house railroad employees.

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Control Station

The office (or location) where the Operator is on duty from which remote control signal appliances or switches are operated.

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Controlled Point (CP)

A station designated in the Timetable where signals are remotely controlled from the control station.

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Controlled Siding (CS)

Indicates in a circuited siding where both ends are controlled and governed by signals under the control of a Dispatcher or Operator.

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Controlled Signal

A fixed signal, that is capable of displaying Stop indication, that is controlled by a Dispatcher or Operator.

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Crossing at Grade

Two routes intersect at the same level.

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Crossover

Combination of two switches connecting adjacent tracks. Allows crossing from one track to the other.

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Current of Traffic

The assigned direction of movement on a Rule 251 main track, specified in the Timetable.

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Engine (Eng)

Unit/combination propelled by energy operated from single control used in train or yard service or to idenitify control cars.

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Fixed Signal

A signal at a fixed location that affects the movement of a train.

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Form D Control System (DCS)

A block system, signaled or non-signaled, in which train movement outside yard limits is authorized by Form D.

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Fouling A Track

BEing in such proximity to a track that an individual, tools or equipment could be struck by a moving train or other on-track equipment, or in any case is within four feet of the nearest rail.

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Fouling Point

The point on a track beyond which equipment will foul an adjacent track.

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General Order (GO)

Summarizes changes to the Timetable and other instruction manuals.

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Hand-Operated Switch

Any type of switch when operated by manual manipulation.

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Home Signal

A fixed signal governing entrance to an interlocking or controlled point.

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Industrial Track (Ind)

A track other than the main track, the running track, siding or yard track.

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Interlocking Signals

The fixed signals of an interlocking.

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Marker

A reflector, flag, or highly visible marking device. Color range (red, -orange, -amber).

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Movement Permit Form D

Containing written authorization, restriction, or instruction issued by Dispatcher

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Rules-In-Effect

Specific operating rule/group that governs the use of tracks.

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Running Track

A non-controlled track for movements subject to prescribed signals and rules, or special instruction.

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Signal Aspect

Is the signal appearance that conveys an indication either approaching or cab signal.

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Spring Switch

Switch that can be trailed through in either position. Automatically returns to original position after being trailed through.

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White circular sign

A white circular sign with black letters used to designate an OCCUPIED CAMP CAR

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Positive train control (PTC)

A Railroad company’s system that is controlled by computer through a network of fixed system.

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Operating of trains

A train inspection and is for safety when approaching at restricted speed.

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Inspection points

To leave the train safely.

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Marker fails On the way

The employee must inform the dispatcher.

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Study Notes

General Information

  • The document contains the NORAC (Northeast Operating Rules Advisory Committee) operating rules.
  • The 12th edition goes into effect January 1, 2024.
  • The rules apply to all railroad employees and must be followed by whomever is affected by them.
  • Translated it governs the operations of trains in the Northeast of America
  • Many different railroad companies have adopted these rules

Employee Books

  • While on duty, employees must have a copy of the operating rules, the timetable, safety rules, hazardous materials instructions, and air brake instructions if their duties require it
  • Operating rules and timetables are required for those employees whose duties are affected by them
  • Employee railroads are considered compliant when they comply with the employing railroad's requirements when operating rules are revised
  • Safety rules are required for their Department
  • If involved in shipping Hazardous material you must have the Hazardous Materials Instruction
  • The Air Brake Instructions are required if the employees' duties are affected by them

Employee Conduct

  • Devote themselves to the Company's service exclusively while on duty
  • Render every assistance in their power in carrying out the rules and special instructions, and promptly report any violation to the proper official
  • Refrain from conduct that adversely affects performance, other employees, or the public

Prohibited Behaviors on Duty

  • Gambling, fighting, or any illegal activity
  • sleeping, playing cards, or reading unauthorized materials when required to perform service
  • Solicitation of gratuities from patrons
  • Unauthorized use of electronic devices

Reporting, Injuries, and Safety

  • Required to give the company medical officer notice of any potentially impairing condition, even outside of normal medical exams
  • Provide initial medical assistance to anyone hurt on railroad property
  • Report such occurrences to the designated officer, followed by a full written report
  • When people are injury, inspect the equipment involved
  • There need to is a full lookout and attention to direction
  • Fouling of a Track may be necessary

Miscellaneous Signal Equipment

  • Proper equipment for signaling is required and must be kept in good order
  • A train or track car must have a red flag, white light, and at least 6 fusees
  • Flags are for daytime
  • Lights are for nighttime
  • They are required from sunrise to sunset, but if day signals cannot be plainly seen, night signals must be used
  • Hand signals must be plainly seen and with enough time to permit action

Hand Signals

  • Stop: Swung horizontally at a right angle to the track
  • Reduce Speed: Held horizontally at arm's length
  • Proceed: Raised and lowered vertically
  • Back: Swung vertically in a 1/2 circle at arm's length, at a right angle to the track
  • Apply Air Brakes: Swung horizontally above the head, when train is standing
  • Release Air Brakes: Held at arm's length above the head, when the train is standing
  • Drop or Raise Pantograph: Swung vertically in a circle at full arm's length, at a right angle to the track

Key Definitions

  • Absolute Block: Only one train at a time
  • Authorized Business Purpose: Tasks an employee is expected to perfom during their tour
  • Automatic Block Signal: A block signal automatically indicating track condition and block occupancy
  • Automatic Block Signal System (ABS): Block signal system governed by automatic block signal, cap signal, or both
  • Automatic Train Stop (ATS): An engine device that will cause a penalty application of brakes if engineer fails to acknowledge to cab signal change to a more restrictive indication
  • Block: A length of track with defined limits governed by block signals, cab signals, or Form D
  • Blocking Device: Used to restrict access to a section of track or to be used to protect conditions specific to operating rule(s)
  • Blue Signal: Workman protection
  • Bulletin Order (BO): Used to notify employees of changes to rules,procedures, or other instructions affecting the movement of trains
  • Cab Signal: A signal in the engine control compartment indicating track occupancy or condition

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