40 Questions
What propels the fetus downward through the pelvis in the second stage of labour?
Combined powers of uterine contractions and voluntary maternal pushing
When do most women feel a strong urge to push or bear down during labour?
When the cervix is fully dilated and the fetus begins to descend
Which maternal position is often associated with shorter labours?
Sitting or kneeling position
What type of pelvis is directly involved in childbirth?
Inlet pelvis
In which stage of labour do women usually change positions frequently?
First stage
What effect does anxiety and fear have on uterine contractions during labour?
Inhibits uterine contractions
Which of the following is a sign of impending labour related to uterine contractions?
Increased vaginal discharge
What is the term for the mechanism of labour that involves the descent of the baby into the pelvis?
Engagement
Which stage of labour involves dilation and effacement of the cervix?
First stage
What is the preferred method of fetal heart rate monitoring in an uncomplicated pregnancy?
Intermittent auscultation
What are the components of the birth process according to the text?
Five 'Ps'
Which term describes the effect of uterine contractions on the cervix?
Dilation
What is the recommended duration for a safe uterine contraction, as per the safety alert in the text?
Less than 60 seconds
Which term refers to the strength of uterine contractions?
Intensity
What is the effect of uterine contractions on the cervix during the 'Efface' phase?
Cervical softening
What is the purpose of using pharmacological methods during labor?
To decrease the rate of obstetrical interventions
Which medication should be avoided if birth is anticipated within 1 hour?
Narcotic (opioid) analgesics
What is the role of the nurse in pharmacological techniques during labor?
Determine the woman's preference for pain relief
What is the purpose of an episiotomy during birth?
To control surgical enlargement of the vaginal opening
What is the main concern related to perineal lacerations during childbirth?
Resulting in uncontrolled tear of tissues
What is the primary purpose of empathy in nursing care during labor?
To support the partner or support person
How does childbirth pain differ from other types of pain?
It is self-limiting and rapidly declines after birth
What can modify labor pain according to the text?
Cervical readiness for labor
What are the limitations of nonpharmacological pain management methods?
They are only effective if practiced beforehand
In what way do psychosocial factors modify labor pain?
By initiating the fear – tension – pain cycle
Which nonpharmacological measure can aid in a woman's ability to work through contractions?
Breathing
What is the primary advantage of most pharmacological pain management methods during labor?
They have minimal adverse effects
Which type of breathing is used during the second stage of labor when pushing?
Constant pattern breathing
What can result from the sluggish GI tract during pregnancy in relation to analgesia and anesthesia?
Increased risk of vomiting and aspiration
Which nonpharmacological measure involves applying pressure to the sacrum and can aid in pain relief during labor?
Sacral pressure
What is the primary role of uterine contractions during labor?
To cause dilation and effacement of the cervix
How do uterine contractions affect the cervix?
They cause the cervix to thin and open
What is the effect of uterine contractions on the fetal heart rate?
100bpm heart rate
What is a characteristic of vigorous uterine contractions during labor?
Lusty cry
How do uterine contractions contribute to the birth process?
By propelling the fetus downward through the pelvis
What is a consequence of weak uterine contractions during labor?
Delayed progress in labor
What is an expected outcome of effective uterine contractions during labor?
Promotion of parent–infant bonding
In which stage of labor do uterine contractions play a crucial role in expelling the placenta?
Third stage
What is a potential consequence of erratic uterine contractions during labor?
Delayed progress in labor
How do uterine contractions affect maternal vital signs during labor?
They may result in changes in maternal pulse rate
Test your knowledge of nonpharmacological and pharmacological pain relief measures for pregnancy. Explore techniques like relaxation, massage, breathing, and the use of analgesics and anesthetics. Understand how pregnancy influences the physiology of analgesia.
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