Nonoperative Fracture Management Principles
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of nonoperative fracture management according to Canale & Beaty?

  • Achieve union in the best anatomical position (correct)
  • Promote rapid fracture healing
  • Require surgical intervention
  • Minimize functional return of the extremity

    • Which historical figure introduced the concept of continuous skin traction for fractures?

  • Sir H.O.
  • Paulus Aegineta
  • Imhotep
  • Dr. Josiah Crosby (correct)

    • What material was commonly used in the past for making casts?

  • Clay gum mixtures and flour (correct)
  • Fiberglass
  • Polyester
  • 3D Printed materials

    • Which type of cast is known as Plâtre coulé?

    <p>Plaster of Paris cast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Charnley's philosophy, how should all fractures be treated?

    <p>Nonoperatively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of Plaster of Paris used in making casts?

    <p>Calcium sulfate hemihydrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who popularized the efficacy of skin traction as early as 1848?

    <p>Josiah Crosby</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of traction was used by Guy Chauliac in the treatment of femoral fractures?

    <p>Isotonic traction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed the first functional brace in 1767?

    <p>Benjamin Gouch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment approach was illustrated in Paré's surgical text of 1564 for open limb fractures?

    <p>Splintage and open care of the wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method evolved to overcome the contraction of large thigh muscles during traction?

    <p>Continuous Isometric Traction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Hamilton Russell recommend for femoral fractures in a flexed position?

    <p>Isotonic traction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of functional casting or bracing?

    <p>To promote early weight bearing after a fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment modality is NOT listed as a form of conservative adjuncts?

    <p>Electrical Stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complication can arise from nonoperative management related to skin issues?

    <p>Skin pressure necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is early joint motion cautioned in post-injury or casting oedema?

    <p>To reduce pain and muscle spasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In rehabilitation, what does 'CAST ON' primarily focus on?

    <p>Isometric exercises of immobilized muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which systemic enhancement method is used as a conservative adjunct in fracture management?

    <p>Parathyroid Hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect in the management of fractures according to the text?

    <p>Adjuncts to optimum management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of fractures, what does having a low threshold to convert to operative management early suggest?

    <p>Improved patient outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fractures are specific indications dependent on the bone involved, according to the text?

    <p>Pathologic fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What historical aspect is briefly mentioned in the text related to fracture management?

    <p>Introduction of modern traction methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the summary provided, what is considered crucial regardless of the treatment mode selected?

    <p>Rehabilitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the year that XRays were developed by Wilhem Rontgen?

    <p>1895</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique involved the use of Malgaigne's hooks initially in the management of displaced patella fractures?

    <p>Tongs applied to the femoral condyle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a disadvantage of non-operative fracture management?

    <p>Shorter period of immobilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended age range where femur angulation up to 10° posteriorly is acceptable?

    <p>6-10 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In skeletal traction, what is indicated for longer-term traction exceeding 1-2 weeks?

    <p>Threaded pins or wires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which site is NOT listed as a location for applying traction?

    <p>Knee (distal femur)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the critical setting period in casting when interlocking crystals are formed, enhancing strength and rigidity?

    <p>'Creamy thick' plaster to 'rubbery' plaster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'If a fracture slips in a well applied plaster...' according to John Charnley, what should be done?

    <p>'...consider an alternative mechanical method'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'A and B, Bamboo functional bracing currently in use in Sri Lanka.' - What does 'A and B' refer to in functional casting or bracing?

    <p>'Denhe and Sarmiento'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Resist Breakdown in water' is an advantage associated with which type of casting material?

    <p>'Fibre Glass impregnated with Polyurethane resin'</p> Signup and view all the answers

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