Non-Procedural Programming Languages

Non-Procedural Languages

• Also known as declarative languages, focus on what the program should achieve rather than how to achieve it.
• Examples of non-procedural languages include LISP, Prolog, and ML.

LISP

• Primarily utilized for symbolic computations and artificial intelligence.
• Considered a functional programming language, emphasizing functions and their applications.

Prolog

• A logic programming language linked to artificial intelligence and computational linguistics.
• Non-procedural approach where relationships are defined, allowing the system to infer solutions.

ML

• A functional programming language recognized for its applications in automated reasoning systems.
• Design emphasizes non-procedural paradigms.

Python

• Classified as a procedural (imperative) programming language, outlining specific commands for computers to execute in a defined sequence.
• Supports multiple programming paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming.
• Primary paradigm remains procedural, driving sequential commands and operations.

NCSM Overview

• NCSM (National Council of Science Museums) operates as an autonomous society under India's Ministry of Culture.
• Established on April 4, 1978, with its headquarters located in Kolkata.

Initiatives and Infrastructure

• Focuses on developing National level science museums and centers, along with Regional and District Science Centres.
• Science centres are strategically placed in metropolitan areas, state capitals, and district headquarters.

Central Research & Training Laboratory (CRTL)

• The CRTL in Kolkata functions as the central hub for professional training, research, and development for science communication.

Development of Science Centres

• NCSM undertakes the development of Science Centres and museums across various States and Union Territories in India.

International Collaborations

• Notable collaborations include:
  • Rajiv Gandhi Science Centre in Mauritius, enhancing scientific engagement internationally.
  • 'India' gallery dedicated to Buddhism at the International Buddhist Museum in Sri Lanka.

Educational Activities

• Engages the public in science education through various strategies:
  • Mobile Science Exhibitions to reach diverse audiences.
  • Lectures and demonstrations aimed at popularizing science.
  • Training and workshops to enhance scientific literacy.
  • Publications to disseminate scientific knowledge.

Global Exhibitions

• NCSM has conducted exhibitions across multiple countries such as:
  • Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Russia, USA, Bhutan, China, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, and France, promoting scientific understanding on a global scale.