43 Questions
What is the defining characteristic of non-probability sampling?
The chances of selecting members from the population are unknown
Which of the following is an example of a probability sampling technique?
Simple random sampling
What is the key characteristic of simple random sampling?
The probability of being selected is known and equal for all members
Which of the following is not a method of conducting simple random sampling?
Snowball sampling
What is the main advantage of simple random sampling?
It is easy to implement when an electronic database is available
Which of the following is a feature of probability sampling?
The law of chance alone decides which individuals are selected
Which of the following is an example of a non-probability sampling technique?
Volunteer sampling
What is the main difference between probability and non-probability sampling?
Probability sampling has an equal chance of selection, while non-probability sampling has an unknown chance of selection
Which of the following is not an advantage of simple random sampling?
Allows for the selection of a small, homogenous population
What is the first stage of sampling techniques discussed in the text?
Stage 1 Sampling techniques
Which sampling method involves the researcher selecting 'units' based on ease of obtaining them or simple availability?
Convenience Sampling
What is a disadvantage of Judgment Sampling mentioned in the text?
Subjectivity enters in here
Which sampling method is described as 'I'll do it! I'll do it!'?
Volunteer Sampling
What type of sampling is 'Quota Sampling' classified as according to the text?
No classification is provided
Which sampling method is described as involving 'people on the street' interviews?
Convenience Sampling
What is the second stage of sampling techniques discussed in the text?
Stage 2 Sampling techniques
Which sampling method involves the use of 'students, and members of social organizations'?
Convenience Sampling
What is the third stage of sampling techniques discussed in the text?
Stage 3 Sampling techniques
What is the main advantage of systematic random sampling compared to simple random sampling?
It is more efficient and less expensive
Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of systematic random sampling?
It can lead to over- or under-sampling in skewed population distributions
If a systematic sample of 100 students is to be selected from a population of 1200 students, what is the sampling interval?
12
Which of the following statements about systematic random sampling is correct?
It selects units at regular intervals after a random starting point
What is the primary reason for using systematic random sampling over simple random sampling?
To reduce the time and cost associated with selecting the sample
Which of the following statements about systematic random sampling is FALSE?
It overcomes the problem of skewed population distributions
In systematic random sampling, what determines the starting point for selecting the first unit?
A random process
Which of the following statements is true about systematic random sampling?
It is more efficient than simple random sampling for large populations
What is the primary disadvantage of systematic random sampling compared to simple random sampling?
It can lead to biased samples in skewed population distributions
What is the main advantage of cluster sampling over other probability sampling methods?
Consumes less time and cost
In the context of cluster sampling, what can lead to imprecise sample results?
The more heterogeneous the cluster chosen
Which sampling method allows for information collection from various areas and groups, making it easily implementable?
Cluster sampling
What is a characteristic of multi-stage sampling?
Applicable for large scale surveys only
What error can occur in cluster sampling due to the selection of homogeneous clusters?
Cluster specification error
How does multi-stage sampling differ from one-stage sampling in terms of complexity?
Multi-stage sampling is more complex as it involves several stages
Which statement about cluster sampling is false?
It involves dividing clusters into subgroups based on dissimilarity
Which of the following is a characteristic that can be used to divide a population into stratified groups?
Age, socioeconomic divisions, nationality, religion, educational achievements
What is the purpose of dividing a population into strata when using stratified random sampling?
All of the above
In the example provided, what is the total population size?
326,044,985
What is the purpose of using a stratified random sampling approach in the example provided?
All of the above
What is the name of the sampling technique described in the last paragraph?
Cluster sampling
What is the key characteristic of the cluster sampling method?
The population is divided into groups (clusters), and a random sample of clusters is selected
What is the purpose of using cluster sampling?
To simplify the sampling process when the population is widely dispersed
What is the relationship between the population size and the desired sample size in the example provided?
The population size is much larger than the desired sample size
What is the purpose of using random or systematic samples of a predetermined size from each stratum in stratified random sampling?
All of the above
Study Notes
Sampling Methods
- Basic Method: Requires no technical knowledge, just basic listening and recording skills.
-
Systematic Random Sampling:
- Selecting one unit at random, then every "nth" element in succession from the sampling frame.
- Disadvantages: Difficult to manage large populations and provide unique designations to every member.
- Not efficient with skewed population distributions.
-
Advantages of Systematic Sampling:
- Known and equal chance of any sampling interval being selected.
- Efficiency: No need to designate every population member, just those early on the list.
- Less expensive and faster than simple random sampling.
Cluster Sampling
- Divides the population into clusters and selects a sample from each cluster.
- Advantages:
- Consumes less time and cost.
- Does not require a list of all members of the universe.
- Ease of implementation.
- Disadvantages: Cluster specification error (the more homogeneous the cluster, the more imprecise the sample results).
Multi-Stage Sampling
- Combination of one or more methods.
- Population is divided into multiple clusters and then divided into sub-groups (strata) based on similarity.
- Sampling procedures are carried out in several stages using random sampling techniques.
Non-Probability Sampling
-
Convenience Sampling:
- Selects "units" based on ease of obtaining them or simple availability.
- Samples drawn at the convenience of the interviewer.
-
Judgment Sampling:
- Requires a judgment or "educated guess" on the part of the interviewer.
- Disadvantages: Subjectivity enters in, and certain members have a smaller or no chance of selection.
-
Volunteer Sampling:
- Non-probability samples where instances are selected by volunteers.
Probability Sampling
-
Simple Random Sampling:
- Each unit of the population has an equal chance of being selected.
- Probability of being selected is "known and equal" for all members.
-
Stratified Random Sampling:
- Divides the population into homogeneous groups (strata) based on characteristics.
- Random or systematic samples of predetermined size are obtained from each group (stratum).
-
Cluster Random Sampling:
- Divides the population into groups (clusters), and a random sample of clusters is selected.
Test your knowledge on non-probability sampling techniques including convenience sampling, quota sampling, judgment sampling, and more. Learn about instances where the probability of selecting members from the population is unknown.
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