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Questions and Answers
What are ribosomes made of?
What are ribosomes made of?
- tRNA and protein
- DNA and protein
- rRNA and lipids
- rRNA and protein (correct)
What is the function of free ribosomes?
What is the function of free ribosomes?
- Form lipid used outside the cells
- Form genetic material for cell division
- Form carbohydrates used for energy production
- Form protein used inside the cells (correct)
What is the composition of cytoskeleton?
What is the composition of cytoskeleton?
- Carbohydrates including microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments
- Lipids including microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments
- Nucleic acids including microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments
- Proteins including microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments (correct)
What are the two forms of ribosomes?
What are the two forms of ribosomes?
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What are ribosomes attached to when forming rER?
What are ribosomes attached to when forming rER?
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Study Notes
Ribosomes
- Ribosomes are composed of two main components: a large subunit and a small subunit, which are made up of proteins and ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
- The large subunit is responsible for peptide bond formation, while the small subunit reads messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences.
Functions of Ribosomes
- Free ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins that are used within the cell, such as enzymes, and are not attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
- Bound ribosomes, on the other hand, are attached to the ER and synthesize proteins that are intended for secretion or insertion into membranes.
Cytoskeleton
- The cytoskeleton is composed of three main components: microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments.
- Microtubules are hollow tubes made up of tubulin proteins, providing structural support and shape to the cell.
- Microfilaments are composed of actin proteins, involved in muscle contraction and cell migration.
- Intermediate filaments are composed of various proteins, providing mechanical support and stability to the cell.
Forms of Ribosomes
- There are two forms of ribosomes: free ribosomes and bound ribosomes.
- Free ribosomes are found in the cytosol, while bound ribosomes are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
Ribosomes and rER
- When forming rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER), ribosomes are attached to the ER membrane, allowing for the synthesis of proteins that are then inserted into the ER lumen for further modification and transport.
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