Non-Invasive and Invasive Cardiovascular Procedures
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of a treadmill test?

  • To evaluate the presence of D-dimer in serum
  • To measure blood flow in arteries post-exercise (correct)
  • To assess deep vein thrombosis via a catheter
  • To visualize arteries using radiography
  • What does a Doppler ultrasound assess?

  • The depth of vein thrombosis using a catheter
  • The changes in blood volume during exercise
  • The presence of claudication and venous obstruction (correct)
  • The level of D-dimer in blood samples
  • Which test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing deep-vein thrombosis (DVT)?

  • Phlebography or venography (correct)
  • Angiography
  • D-dimer test
  • Plethysmography
  • What is the role of the I-fibrinogen uptake test?

    <p>To assess acute calf vein thrombosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a Doppler ultrasound device be necessary?

    <p>To assess patients with low blood pressure or edema (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is D-dimer a product of?

    <p>Fibrin degradation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of digital subtraction angiography (DSA)?

    <p>To visualize blood vessels using an image intensifier (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario is a skin marker typically used during Doppler assessments?

    <p>To indicate the location of found pulses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which procedure typically involves injecting a contrast medium to visualize arteries?

    <p>Digital subtraction angiography (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is pulsation recorded when using a Doppler device?

    <p>As present or absent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition can plethysmography help assess?

    <p>Changes in blood volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an indication for performing a treadmill test?

    <p>Assessing exercise-induced claudication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tests uses iodine tagging?

    <p>I-fibrinogen uptake test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does high levels of D-dimer typically indicate?

    <p>Presence of a thrombus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During a Doppler ultrasound assessment, how should pulsation be recorded?

    <p>As present or absent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does digital subtraction angiography (DSA) visualize?

    <p>Arteries in extremities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is phlebography primarily used for?

    <p>Diagnosing deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which procedure assesses blood flow in extremities using a device that measures Doppler shift?

    <p>Doppler ultrasound (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a contrast medium in angiography?

    <p>To enhance imaging of blood vessels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of performing a treadmill test?

    <p>To determine blood flow after exercise (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is administered initially to visualize blood vessels in digital subtraction angiography?

    <p>IV contrast solution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology is used to view blood vessels during digital subtraction angiography?

    <p>Image intensifier video system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is essential in the setup of digital subtraction angiography?

    <p>A television monitor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary visual outcome of digital subtraction angiography?

    <p>Enhanced visualization of blood vessels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which area of the body does digital subtraction angiography typically visualize blood vessels?

    <p>The extremities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Non-Invasive Procedures

    • Treadmill Test

      • Assesses blood flow in extremities post-exercise.
      • Identifies exercise-related pain, such as claudication.
    • Plethysmography

      • Measures changes in blood volume in calf veins or other extremities using a plethysmograph.
    • Doppler Ultrasound

      • Utilizes a Doppler ultrasound flowmeter for measuring blood flow in arteries or veins.
      • Useful for diagnosing intermittent claudication, deep vein obstructions, and peripheral vascular disease (PVD).
      • May require a Doppler device to assess pulses in cases of PVD, low blood pressure, edema, or significant subcutaneous tissue.
      • Record pulse findings as present or absent, avoiding numeric scaling.
      • Nurses often mark skin areas with a pulse detected for accuracy in follow-up assessments.
    • Phlebography / Venography

      • Considered the gold standard for evaluating deep leg veins and diagnosing deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
      • Involves administering a contrast medium via a catheter in a foot vein followed by radiographic imaging to identify filling defects.
    • Fibrinogen Uptake Test

      • Accurate method for detecting acute calf vein thrombosis.
      • Measures fibrinogen levels at clot sites; fibrinogen tagged with iodine 125 and administered intravenously is detected by a gamma ray detector.
    • Angiography

      • Involves intravenous injection of a contrast medium to visualize arteries through radiography.
    • D-Dimer Test

      • Measures D-dimer, a fibrin degradation product, in serum to indicate thrombus presence.
      • Elevated D-dimer levels are typically associated with thrombus formation.
    • Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA)

      • Involves administering an intravenous contrast solution that enables visualization of blood vessels in extremities through radiographic techniques using an image intensifier and monitor.

    Non-Invasive Procedures

    • Treadmill Test

      • Assesses blood flow in extremities post-exercise.
      • Identifies exercise-related pain, such as claudication.
    • Plethysmography

      • Measures changes in blood volume in calf veins or other extremities using a plethysmograph.
    • Doppler Ultrasound

      • Utilizes a Doppler ultrasound flowmeter for measuring blood flow in arteries or veins.
      • Useful for diagnosing intermittent claudication, deep vein obstructions, and peripheral vascular disease (PVD).
      • May require a Doppler device to assess pulses in cases of PVD, low blood pressure, edema, or significant subcutaneous tissue.
      • Record pulse findings as present or absent, avoiding numeric scaling.
      • Nurses often mark skin areas with a pulse detected for accuracy in follow-up assessments.
    • Phlebography / Venography

      • Considered the gold standard for evaluating deep leg veins and diagnosing deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
      • Involves administering a contrast medium via a catheter in a foot vein followed by radiographic imaging to identify filling defects.
    • Fibrinogen Uptake Test

      • Accurate method for detecting acute calf vein thrombosis.
      • Measures fibrinogen levels at clot sites; fibrinogen tagged with iodine 125 and administered intravenously is detected by a gamma ray detector.
    • Angiography

      • Involves intravenous injection of a contrast medium to visualize arteries through radiography.
    • D-Dimer Test

      • Measures D-dimer, a fibrin degradation product, in serum to indicate thrombus presence.
      • Elevated D-dimer levels are typically associated with thrombus formation.
    • Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA)

      • Involves administering an intravenous contrast solution that enables visualization of blood vessels in extremities through radiographic techniques using an image intensifier and monitor.

    Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA)

    • Involves administration of intravenous (IV) contrast solution to enhance visualization of blood vessels.
    • Primarily used to visualize blood vessels in extremities for diagnostic imaging.
    • Employs radiographic techniques alongside an image intensifier video system for improved image clarity.
    • Outputs are displayed on a television monitor, facilitating real-time monitoring of blood vessels.
    • Essential for identifying blockages, malformations, or other vascular conditions.

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    Description

    This quiz covers non-invasive procedures used to assess cardiovascular health, focusing on the treadmill test, plethysmography, and Doppler ultrasound. Understand how these tests determine blood flow, detect pain, and assess various vascular conditions.

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