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Questions and Answers
What is the first step in naming alkanes?
What is the first step in naming alkanes?
- Count the number of branches
- Choose the longest carbon chain (correct)
- Determine the functional groups present
- Name the substituents alphabetically
How should the carbon chain be numbered?
How should the carbon chain be numbered?
- From the end farthest from the branches
- From the nearest end to the nearest branch (correct)
- From any end of the chain
- Sequentially without regard to branches
What indicates the presence of identical branching in an alkane?
What indicates the presence of identical branching in an alkane?
- Simple, complex, aggregate
- Mono, di, tri, tetra (correct)
- Primary, secondary, tertiary
- Single, double, triple bonds
Which of the following is not considered when naming halogens in alkanes?
Which of the following is not considered when naming halogens in alkanes?
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What should be used to separate numbers in the alkane name?
What should be used to separate numbers in the alkane name?
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Which of the following is a correct name for the compound CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH3?
Which of the following is a correct name for the compound CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH3?
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Study Notes
Nomenclature of Alkanes
- How to learn the nomenclature of compounds!
Steps to Name Alkanes
- Choose the longest carbon chain
- Number the carbon chain starting from the end closest to the branch
- Separate numbers with a hyphen (-) and a comma
- Separate the root and the prefix with a hyphen (-) and a comma
- For identical branches, use (di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-) prefixes
- Branches are pronounced as (yl-, kil-)
- Halogens (I, F) are denoted with a prefix (bromo-, chloro-, fluoro-, iodo-)
- Halogens are listed in alphabetical order
- Halogens are listed after the branches
How to Approach a Question?
- The question gives a structure and we name it
- Or, the question gives a name and we draw the structure
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