Noble Pastimes and Chivalry in Medieval Times

Physical Education Legislative Framework

• The Schools Physical Education and Sports Act of 1969 introduced a comprehensive program in schools encompassing health education, nutrition, physical fitness, competitive athletics, and annual inter-regional competitions.
• Physical education (PE) was integrated into Youth Development Training (YDT) in high schools during the 1970s and early 1980s, along with subjects like Scouting, Health, and Music.
• A revised PE program for elementary schools implemented in 1971 included activities such as games, relays, swimming, and programs for students needing special attention.

Curriculum Developments in Education

• The Revised Secondary School Program was formalized under Department Order No. 20, s. 1973, introducing YDT and Citizen Army Training (CAT).
• MEC Order No. 6, s. 1982 presented the New Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) reflecting educational changes under the Program for Decentralized Educational Development (PRODED).
• PE for Grades I and II was integrated with Civics, while Grades III to VI paired PE with Art and Music to form Music, Art and Physical Education (MAPE).

Evolution of Secondary Education

• The 1989 Secondary Education Development Program (SEDP) aimed to sustain student development initiated by PRODED, establishing a cognitive-affective-manipulative approach.
• The New Secondary Education Curriculum (NSEC) included Physical Education, Health, and Music (PEHM) as one of its eight subject areas.
• By DECS Order No. 53, s. 1994, PE for Grades I and II became a separate daily subject starting the school year 1994-1995, while maintaining integration within MAPE for older grades.

Historical Context of Physical Education Globally

• In ancient civilizations like Egypt, Greece, and China, various forms of physical activities such as swimming, wrestling, and martial arts were practiced for health and military training.
• The Greeks valued physical education as essential for developing courage, discipline, and aesthetic values, with gymnasiums playing a key role in training boys.
• Spartan education emphasized rigorous physical training through the Agoge system, focusing on physical fitness and military skills.

Educational Philosophers and Physical Education

• Philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle recognized the importance of physical education in promoting holistic development, linking it to mental and moral education.
• Hippocrates noted that physical activity reinforces bodily functions, while scholars like St. Thomas Aquinas promoted physical fitness for moral and social benefits.

Impact of the Roman Empire on Physical Culture

• Romans built public baths (thermae) to promote health through exercise, yet their preference for entertainment led to a decline in formal athletics.
• The focus on gladiatorial games and spectacles resulted in a culture of spectatorship, diminishing the value placed on physical activity and contributing to societal decay.

Physical Activities during the Middle Ages

• The fall of the Roman Empire led to the church becoming the primary institution influencing physical culture, albeit with limited PE inclusion in education.
• Recreational activities among nobility included hunting, royal tennis, and games promoting physical fitness as part of chivalric training.

Renaissance and Modern Physical Education

• The Renaissance period fostered the value of physical health, emphasizing the need for physical development for learning and military readiness.
• Initiatives like those by Petrus Paulus Vergerius and educational thinkers like Richard Mulcaster recognized the essential role of PE in a well-rounded education.

Learning Domains in Physical Education

• Physical education transcends fitness by integrating cognitive (knowledge), affective (attitudes), and psychomotor (skills) learning domains.
• Motor learning focuses on acquiring movement skills through practice, influenced by factors like motor control and motor development over one's lifespan.

Information-Processing Model in Skill Acquisition

• Skill acquisition involves four key components: input (instruction), decision-making (processing information), output (execution), and feedback (performance assessment).
• Learning progresses through three stages: cognitive (understanding the skill), associative (refining skills through practice), and autonomous (performing with minimal thought).

This quiz explores the various recreational activities enjoyed by the nobility during medieval times, including ball games, hunting, and board games. It also delves into the concepts of chivalry and the possible paths for sons of noblemen. Test your knowledge of these historical pastimes and values.