Noble Pastimes and Chivalry in Medieval Times

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Questions and Answers

What significant educational program was incorporated with physical education in high schools during the 70s and early 80s?

Health Education Initiative

Literacy Advancement Program

Youth Development Training (correct)

Performance Arts Curriculum

Which program was revised in 1971 to include a variety of physical activities for elementary students?

Sports Ethics Program

Physical Education Program (correct)

New Elementary School Curriculum

Testing Program

In Grades I and II, how is physical education taught according to the New Elementary School Curriculum?

Integrated with Sibika at Kultura (correct)

During extracurricular activities only

As a standalone subject with fixed hours

As a part of Science curriculum only

What is the title of the subject that combines physical education, arts, and music for Grades III to VI?

Music, Art and Physical Education Signup and view all the answers

What educational initiative was introduced through MEC Order No. 6, s. 1982?

New Elementary School Curriculum Signup and view all the answers

What does the Secondary Education Development Program (SEDP) emphasize based on DECS Order No. 11, s. 1989?

Student-centered learning Signup and view all the answers

How often is physical education taught in public elementary schools for Grades I and II starting from 1994?

Daily for 20 minutes Signup and view all the answers

Which subject area is included in the New Secondary Education Curriculum (NSEC)?

Physical Education, Health and Music Signup and view all the answers

What recreational pastime was similar to bowling?

Kegels Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher embraced the idea of physical fitness promoting social and moral well-being?

St. Thomas Aquinas Signup and view all the answers

Which activity was NOT part of the physical education program during the Renaissance period?

Jousting Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the 'father' of the modern educational practice including sports in schools?

Richard Mulcaster Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the idea of a 'universal man' that influenced physical education during the Renaissance?

Humanism Signup and view all the answers

Which figure believed physical education served as a rest from other learning processes?

John Comenius Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the aims of the programs of physical activities during the Renaissance?

To educate them for warfare Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a belief of John Locke regarding physical education?

It refreshes the individual for intellectual pursuits Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of military skills in ancient Persia?

To strengthen and extend the empire Signup and view all the answers

What activity was considered to be one of the oldest forms of organized dancing in India?

Hindu dancing Signup and view all the answers

Which physical activity in ancient China was designed to prevent diseases?

Cong Fu Signup and view all the answers

What type of athletes did the Greeks highly respect in terms of competition?

Amateur athletes Signup and view all the answers

At what age did Spartan boys begin their compulsory training known as Agoge?

At age 7 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities was NOT prevalent in ancient Egyptian culture?

Martial arts Signup and view all the answers

What did Plato believe was beneficial for educating the body and soul?

The combination of gymnastics and music Signup and view all the answers

In what way was physical education significant in Athens?

It was linked with philosophy, music, and art Signup and view all the answers

What did ARISTOTLE believe about athletics?

It enables youth to develop strong, healthy citizens. Signup and view all the answers

What was HIPPOCRATES' law of use regarding physical activity?

Use strengthens body parts while disuse causes weakness. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Romans primarily view physical activities?

As a waste of time compared to wealth. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Campus Martinus in Roman military training?

It enforced complete obedience to commands in soldiers. Signup and view all the answers

What led to the neglect of physical health and exercise during the Roman Empire's decline?

The flourishing of blood sports and entertainment excesses. Signup and view all the answers

What role did the Christian Church play in physical activities during the Middle Ages?

It was the only institution that survived and restricted physical activities in curriculum. Signup and view all the answers

What two philosophies influenced attitudes towards physical activity in the Middle Ages?

Asceticism and scholasticism. Signup and view all the answers

What were ball games allowed on, during the Middle Ages?

Church land, if common areas were unavailable. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of cognitive learning in physical education?

Improving problem-solving abilities and understanding concepts Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of learning involves the learner trying to understand the goal of the activity?

Cognitive Stage Signup and view all the answers

Motor control is primarily concerned with which of the following?

The study of neural processes for learning movements Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is NOT part of the information-processing approach?

Diagnosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of affective learning in physical education?

Enhancing attitudes, appreciations, and values Signup and view all the answers

When a learner refines the basics of a skill, which stage of learning are they in?

Associative Stage Signup and view all the answers

What role does feedback play in the motor learning process?

It provides information for skill improvement and further attempts. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does psychomotor learning focus on in physical education?

The development of motor skills Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Physical Education Legislative Framework

The Schools Physical Education and Sports Act of 1969 introduced a comprehensive program in schools encompassing health education, nutrition, physical fitness, competitive athletics, and annual inter-regional competitions.
Physical education (PE) was integrated into Youth Development Training (YDT) in high schools during the 1970s and early 1980s, along with subjects like Scouting, Health, and Music.
A revised PE program for elementary schools implemented in 1971 included activities such as games, relays, swimming, and programs for students needing special attention.

Curriculum Developments in Education

The Revised Secondary School Program was formalized under Department Order No. 20, s. 1973, introducing YDT and Citizen Army Training (CAT).
MEC Order No. 6, s. 1982 presented the New Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) reflecting educational changes under the Program for Decentralized Educational Development (PRODED).
PE for Grades I and II was integrated with Civics, while Grades III to VI paired PE with Art and Music to form Music, Art and Physical Education (MAPE).

Evolution of Secondary Education

The 1989 Secondary Education Development Program (SEDP) aimed to sustain student development initiated by PRODED, establishing a cognitive-affective-manipulative approach.
The New Secondary Education Curriculum (NSEC) included Physical Education, Health, and Music (PEHM) as one of its eight subject areas.
By DECS Order No. 53, s. 1994, PE for Grades I and II became a separate daily subject starting the school year 1994-1995, while maintaining integration within MAPE for older grades.

Historical Context of Physical Education Globally

In ancient civilizations like Egypt, Greece, and China, various forms of physical activities such as swimming, wrestling, and martial arts were practiced for health and military training.
The Greeks valued physical education as essential for developing courage, discipline, and aesthetic values, with gymnasiums playing a key role in training boys.
Spartan education emphasized rigorous physical training through the Agoge system, focusing on physical fitness and military skills.

Educational Philosophers and Physical Education

Philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle recognized the importance of physical education in promoting holistic development, linking it to mental and moral education.
Hippocrates noted that physical activity reinforces bodily functions, while scholars like St. Thomas Aquinas promoted physical fitness for moral and social benefits.

Impact of the Roman Empire on Physical Culture

Romans built public baths (thermae) to promote health through exercise, yet their preference for entertainment led to a decline in formal athletics.
The focus on gladiatorial games and spectacles resulted in a culture of spectatorship, diminishing the value placed on physical activity and contributing to societal decay.

Physical Activities during the Middle Ages

The fall of the Roman Empire led to the church becoming the primary institution influencing physical culture, albeit with limited PE inclusion in education.
Recreational activities among nobility included hunting, royal tennis, and games promoting physical fitness as part of chivalric training.

Renaissance and Modern Physical Education

The Renaissance period fostered the value of physical health, emphasizing the need for physical development for learning and military readiness.
Initiatives like those by Petrus Paulus Vergerius and educational thinkers like Richard Mulcaster recognized the essential role of PE in a well-rounded education.

Learning Domains in Physical Education

Physical education transcends fitness by integrating cognitive (knowledge), affective (attitudes), and psychomotor (skills) learning domains.
Motor learning focuses on acquiring movement skills through practice, influenced by factors like motor control and motor development over one's lifespan.

Information-Processing Model in Skill Acquisition

Skill acquisition involves four key components: input (instruction), decision-making (processing information), output (execution), and feedback (performance assessment).
Learning progresses through three stages: cognitive (understanding the skill), associative (refining skills through practice), and autonomous (performing with minimal thought).

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Description

This quiz explores the various recreational activities enjoyed by the nobility during medieval times, including ball games, hunting, and board games. It also delves into the concepts of chivalry and the possible paths for sons of noblemen. Test your knowledge of these historical pastimes and values.