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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of positivism as described by Auguste Comte?

The philosophical analysis of innate rights
The critique of societal norms and values
The documentation of observable empirical phenomena (correct)
The exploration of subjective human experiences

Which of the following best describes the three states of social development proposed by Comte?

Religious, Metaphysical, Scientific (correct)
Primitive, Modern, Postmodern
Theological, Philosophical, Psychological
Cultural, Economic, Political

How did Comte view sociology in relation to the scientific method?

As a branch of philosophy concerned with metaphysical debates
As a field primarily focused on ethical considerations
As a systematic theory grounded in observation and analysis (correct)
As a discipline that should prioritize human subjectivity

What criticism is often leveled against Comte's positivism?

It treats human behavior like physical reactions (C) Signup and view all the answers

In what way did the influence of Enlightenment thought manifest in Comte's work?

Through a focus on empirical, rational views of progress (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key element of Comte's vision for sociology?

Creating laws of social dynamics through observation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which sociologist is noted for overshadowing Comte’s influence in the study of social order?

Karl Marx (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'social physics' refer to in Comte's work?

Scientific approaches to understanding societal structures (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Alexis De Tocqueville's contributions to sociology?

He emphasized the importance of political culture and its impact on democracy. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main principle of Auguste Comte's positivism?

The scientific method should be applied to the study of society. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does sociology distinguish itself as a science?

It employs systematic observation and analysis of social data. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common critique of sociological theories?

They often lack empirical evidence. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In what way did Enlightenment thought influence the development of sociology?

It promoted the idea that human beings can use reason for self-governance. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which concept is NOT commonly associated with the emergence of sociology?

Focus on emotional intelligence in society (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between agency and structure in sociological theory?

Human agency is shaped by and can influence structures. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about societal transformations during the 18th century is most accurate?

The societal transformations prompted new ways of thinking about human relationships and society. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary focus of Alexis de Tocqueville's work during his visit to America in the 1830s?

Social institutions and the practice of equality (D) Signup and view all the answers

Auguste Comte is best known for promoting which philosophical approach to sociology?

Positivism (D) Signup and view all the answers

How did Harriet Martineau contribute to the understanding of sociology as a science?

By translating Comte's works and advocating for social progress (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following critiques is often levied against traditional sociological theories?

They overly simplify complex social realities. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which Enlightenment thinker heavily influenced the foundation of sociological thought, particularly through ideas of reason and progress?

Immanuel Kant (C) Signup and view all the answers

What method is described as involving ‘methodical investigations and note-taking’ in early sociology?

Qualitative surveys (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of sociology did Wilhelm Dilthey emphasize in his analysis?

Interpretive understanding of human behavior (D) Signup and view all the answers

Frédéric Le Play developed the monograph as a technique for which purpose?

Collecting data through case studies (A) Signup and view all the answers

What did the ‘taste for investigation’ in literature primarily encourage?

The study of social dynamics through observation (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which social issue was highlighted in Charles Booth's work on poverty in London?

Class inequality and workers' conditions (B) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Auguste Comte

A French philosopher and sociologist who is considered the founder of sociology.

Positivism

An approach emphasizing observable empirical phenomena in understanding society.