NMJ Regeneration Signal Quiz

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What is the function of presynaptic boutons?

Store neurotransmitters in synaptic vesicles (correct)

Clustering of ion channels

Anchor postsynaptic receptors

Regulate synapse function

What is the role of presynaptic active zones?

Contain electron dense proteins

Anchor postsynaptic receptors

Regulate synapse function

Fuse with synaptic vesicles (correct)

Which component of the synapse is involved in clustering postsynaptic receptors and ion channels at high density?

Presynaptic bouton

Presynaptic active zone

Synaptic cleft

Postsynaptic density (correct)

What is the specialized content of the synaptic cleft?

Synaptic extracellular matrix Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of synapse formation does target selection occur?

Phase 1: Target selection Signup and view all the answers

Which drug specifically inhibits action potentials by blocking sodium channels that depolarize neurons?

Tetrodotoxin Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the postsynaptic denisity (PSD) in a synapse?

Regulate synapse function Signup and view all the answers

How do drugs like tetrodotoxin typically affect the first phase of synapse formation?

Have no effect on target selection Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of synapse formation involves remodeling the initial course distribution of synaptic connections?

Address selection phase. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Agrin in neuromuscular junctions?

Induces clustering of AChRs in cultured myotubes Signup and view all the answers

What happens in MuSK knockout mice?

AChRs do not properly localize Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is an intracellular adaptor protein for AChRs?

Rapsyn Signup and view all the answers

What is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in CNS synapses?

Glutamate Signup and view all the answers

Which synapses can be axo-dendritic, axo-somatic, or axo-axonic?

CNS synapses Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of netrin-1 in synapses?

Recruits AMPA-Rs to synapses Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule promotes excitatory glutamatergic synapse formation when overexpressed in cortex neurons?

SynCAM Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between CNS and PNS synapses in terms of neurotransmitter release?

CNS requires transmitter release from multiple synapses to depolarize the post-synaptic neuron, while PNS does not. Signup and view all the answers

In what way does Rapsyn knockout mice phenotype differ from MuSK knockout mice phenotype?

Both exhibit severe lack of clustering. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the intracellular domain of cadherins in synaptic terminals?

Binds to actin Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Ephrins in axon guidance?

They repel the axons of neurons expressing the corresponding receptor Signup and view all the answers

What effect does disrupting cadherins have on synaptic function?

Reduces PSD95 complex clustering Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary neurotransmitter at the mammalian Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ)?

Acetylcholine Signup and view all the answers

What change in AChR subunits occurs after innervation of myotubes?

A shift from delta to epsilon subunits Signup and view all the answers

In knockout mice lacking gephrin, what is the impact on post-synaptic clustering?

No post-synaptic clustering occurs Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of heterophilic synaptic adhesion molecules like beta-neurexin and neuroligin?

Link pre- and post-synapse sides Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the differentiation of both presynaptic and post-synaptic elements during synapse formation?

Recognition of the target and adhesive interaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of PDZ domains in synaptic organization?

Cluster ion channels at the post-synapse Signup and view all the answers

Which protein activates the receptor tyrosine kinase erbB on the post-synaptic membrane of myotubes?

Neuregulin (Nr) Signup and view all the answers

Which proteins contain PDZ domains involved in synaptic function?

PSD95, Cask, ZO-3 Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the mechanisms that contribute to AChR clustering?

Redistribution of existing receptors in the plane of the membrane Signup and view all the answers

What does experiment A, denervating a mature NMJ, suggest about AChR clustering?

A nerve is required for AChR clustering to occur Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the active zones in synaptic terminals?

Anchor synaptic vesicles Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed function of a presynaptic active zone precursor vesicle?

Facilitating the formation of active zones Signup and view all the answers

What are Ephrins and Eph receptors responsible for directing?

Innervation of the tectum Signup and view all the answers

What is one outcome of synapse formation involving recognition and adhesive interaction?

Enhanced gene transcription in synaptic nuclei Signup and view all the answers

How do CNS neurons differ in response compared to NMJ neurons?

They cluster different types of receptors. Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of expressing neuroligin by a non-neuronal cell on an axon that contacts it?

Triggers presynaptic differentiation. Signup and view all the answers