Nitrogen Fixation Processes Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of organisms are responsible for most nitrogen fixation?

  • Eukaryotes
  • Prokaryotes (correct)
  • Fungi
  • Algae
  • In addition to prokaryotes, nitrogen can be fixed abiotically by which of the following?

  • Lightning (correct)
  • Animals
  • Plants
  • Viruses
  • Which of the following is NOT a method used by some nitrogen-fixing bacteria to establish symbiosis with plants?

  • Using root exudates as a signal
  • Being attracted by specific signals from host plants
  • Forming nodules on plant roots
  • Triggering nitrogen fixation through light exposure (correct)
  • What is the purpose of the root exudates from legume plants in symbiotic nitrogen fixation?

    <p>Attracting nitrogen-fixing bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding symbiotic nitrogen-fixers?

    <p>Some require a close association with a host to carry out nitrogen fixation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria from anaerobic ones?

    <p>Energy source used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the enzyme complex responsible for the reduction of N2 to NH3 in nitrogen-fixing organisms?

    <p>Nitrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is nitrogenase sensitive to oxygen?

    <p>It deactivates the enzyme complex.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in cyanobacteria provides a low-oxygen environment for the nitrogenase enzyme?

    <p>Heterocyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do some photosynthetic nitrogen-fixers protect their nitrogenase from oxygen while carrying out nitrogen fixation?

    <p>By fixing nitrogen only at night</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do genes for nitrogenase have been found globally distributed, including in aerobic habitats and anaerobic environments?

    <p>In various habitats including oceans, lakes, soils, termite guts, and more</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes symbiotic nitrogen-fixers from other nitrogen-fixers that help them carry out nitrogen fixation efficiently?

    <p>Association with another organism to create a low-oxygen environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the broad distribution of nitrogen-fixing genes among organisms?

    <p>It suggests a broad range of environmental conditions for nitrogen-fixing organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process converts ammonia to nitrite and then to nitrate in the global nitrogen cycle?

    <p>Nitrification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of microorganisms are responsible for the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite in nitrification?

    <p>Ammonia-oxidizers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are aerobic ammonia oxidizers considered slow growers?

    <p>Their metabolism produces a small amount of energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In nitrification, what is the intermediate compound formed during the conversion of ammonia to nitrite by ammonia-oxidizers?

    <p>Hydroxylamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes aerobic ammonia oxidizers from other organisms in terms of energy source?

    <p>They use ammonia as an energy source.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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