11-L1

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Questions and Answers

What is the Nissl bodies composed of in nerve cells?

  • Golgi apparatus and centrioles
  • Lysosomes and mitochondria
  • Smooth endoplasmic reticulum and bound ribosomes
  • Rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes (correct)

Where are Nissl bodies typically absent in nerve cells?

  • Axon and axon hillock (correct)
  • Dendrites and perikaryon
  • Axon and perikaryon
  • Cell body and dendrites

Which type of neuron has a large cell body, large axon, and many dendritic processes?

  • Pseudounipolar neuron
  • Unipolar neuron
  • Multipolar neuron (correct)
  • Bipolar neuron

What is the main difference between dendrites and axons?

<p>Dendrites conduct impulses towards the cell body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the region of the cell body lacking Nissl bodies?

<p>Axon hillock (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of neuron are Nissl bodies more abundant?

<p>Large nerve cells such as motor neurons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are Nissl bodies typically found in nerve cells?

<p>Perikaryon and dendrites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of dendrites in nerve cells?

<p>Conducting impulses towards the cell body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio of glial cells to neurons in the CNS?

<p>1 neuron to 10 glial cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are protoplasmic astrocytes typically found?

<p>Gray matter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of oligodendrocytes?

<p>Wrapping around axons to form the myelin sheath (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of myelin in nerves?

<p>To allow nerve signals to travel faster (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of microglia in the CNS?

<p>Phagocytosing cellular debris (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of demyelination?

<p>Slower transmission of nerve signals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ependymal cells?

<p>Secreting cerebrospinal fluid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are found in peripheral nerves?

<p>Schwann cells, fibroblasts, and no neuron cell bodies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of synapse where the axon terminal transmits the nerve impulse to a cell body?

<p>Axosomatic synapse (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the damage to myelin around nerves?

<p>Demyelination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of astrocytes in the CNS?

<p>Sending processes to contact neurons and surrounding CNS capillaries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

<p>Peripheral nerves and ganglia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the axon terminals?

<p>To transmit nerve impulses to a dendrite or cell body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the speed of nerve signal transmission in unmyelinated neurons?

<p>1 meter per second (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that allows nerve signals to travel faster in myelinated neurons?

<p>Myelin sheath (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of synapse where the axon terminal transmits the nerve impulse to another axon?

<p>Axoaxonic synapse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nodes of Ranvier?

<p>To separate the myelin sheath segments and speeding up the transmission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are associated with neurones in ganglia?

<p>Satellite cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of satellite cells?

<p>To support the bodies of ganglion cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the synapse?

<p>To ensure the transmission of nerve impulses is unidirectional (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Schwann cells and satellite cells?

<p>Schwann cells provide a myelin sheath to axons, while satellite cells do not (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of myelin?

<p>Mainly phospholipid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are neurones in the peripheral nervous system located?

<p>In ganglia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many myelinated axons are surrounded by a single Schwann cell?

<p>One (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of demyelination occurs when the body's immune system attacks myelin?

<p>Inflammatory demyelination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)?

<p>Viral infection by the JC virus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of demyelination involves the peripheral nerves?

<p>Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for demyelination caused by vascular disease or lack of oxygen in the brain?

<p>Hypoxic-ischemic demyelination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of liver damage on myelin?

<p>Myelin damage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of demyelination is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS)?

<p>Inflammatory demyelination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of electrolyte imbalances on myelin?

<p>Myelin damage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for demyelination caused by alcohol consumption?

<p>Alcohol-related demyelination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of demyelination is associated with optic neuritis?

<p>Inflammatory demyelination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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