NHS England Cybersecurity Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Match the following breaches of patient confidentiality with the events:

Richard Hammond = 300 medical staff accessed his records over a 24 hour period Ed Sheeran = Two staff were disciplined for inappropriately accessing his records

Match the following syllabus numbers to their descriptions:

9.1 = Legal basis 9.5 = Data protection legislation 9.6 = Patients' rights of access to health records and medical reports 9.8 = Confidentiality after death

Match the following concepts with their definitions:

Confidentiality and Disclosure = Understanding the rights and responsibilities of sharing sensitive information Data Protection & General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) = Legislation that regulates the use and storage of personal data Child Protection = Policies and procedures to protect children from harm Confidentiality and the Deceased Patient = Understanding the rights and responsibilities of sharing sensitive information of a deceased patient

Match the cases with their respective outcomes:

W v Egdell = REAL risk of SERIOUS harm must be present Palmer v Tees Health Authority = Health Authority was not negligent for failing to restrict the freedom of the patient Tarasoff v Regents of the University of California = Therapist was at fault for not informing the potential victim Signup and view all the answers

Match the public interest disclosures with their respective definitions:

To prevent harm to others = A REAL risk of SERIOUS harm must be present To prevent or detect crime = Acts that may involve criminal activities should be reported Teaching, research and audit = Educational and research purposes Signup and view all the answers

Match the cases with their respective key elements:

W v Egdell = Consideration of a REAL risk of SERIOUS harm Palmer v Tees Health Authority = Negligence in managing a psychiatric patient Tarasoff v Regents of the University of California = Failure to inform a potential victim Signup and view all the answers

Match the following regulations to their respective governing bodies:

Data Protection Act = ICO Freedom of Information Act = ICO Environmental Information Regulations = ICO NHS Code of Practice = Department of Health Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cases to their outcomes:

Dr DB v. General Medical Council EWCA Civ 1497 = Disclosure of information even if one party objects High risk breaches under GDPR = Need to be reported within 72 hours Data breaches or near misses = Report to senior management within 12 hours Unsupported operating systems = Not to be used within the IT estate Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ICO powers to their descriptions:

Carry out audits = Review an organization's data handling Impose improvement notices = Demand better data practices Issue orders to cease operations = Stop a company's data handling Issue fines = Penalize breaches or lack of systems Signup and view all the answers

Match the following National Data Guardian standards to their descriptions:

All staff ensure that personal confidential data is handled, stored and transmitted securely = Data protection requirement Personal confidential data is only accessible to staff who need it for their current role = Access control principle Processes are reviewed at least annually = Continuous improvement principle A continuity plan is in place to respond to threats to data security = Disaster recovery principle Signup and view all the answers

Match the following legal cases with their corresponding outcomes:

Z v Finland (1997) 25 EHRR 371 = Not a violation of Z’s Article 8 rights because there were good reasons for requiring this information. Stone v South East Coast SHA EWHC 1668 = Michael Stone's right to privacy was outweighed by the public interest in knowing more about his treatment. Campbell v MGN Ltd UKHL 22 = An obligation of confidence existed because of the nature of the information about Ms Campbell’s treatment for drug addiction. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following parts of the Data Protection Act 2018 with their details:

Part dealing with processing that does not fall within EU law = Related to immigration and applies GDPR standards. Part 3 = Sets out the requirements for the processing of personal data for criminal ‘law enforcement purposes’. Parts covering the Information Commissioners Office (ICO) = Detail its duties, functions and powers. Signup and view all the answers

Match the GDPR principles with their definitions:

Lawful, fair and transparent = Data must be processed legally, fairly and in a transparent manner. Limited for its purpose = Data must be collected for specified, explicit and legitimate purposes and not further processed in a manner that is incompatible with those purposes. Adequate and necessary = Data must be adequate, relevant and limited to what is necessary in relation to the purposes for which they are processed. Accurate = Data must be accurate and, where necessary, kept up to date. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Data controller = A person who determines the purposes for which and the manner in which any personal data are to be processed. Consent = Not regarded as freely given if the data subject has no genuine or free choice or is unable to refuse or withdraw consent without detriment. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following roles with their descriptions:

Caldicott Guardian = A senior person responsible for protecting the confidentiality of people’s health and care information and making sure it is used properly. Senior Information Risk Owner (SIRO) = Provides a focal point for managing information risks and incidents. NHS England Data Security and Protection Toolkit = An online self-assessment tool that allows organisations to measure their performance against the National Data Guardian’s 10 data security standards. Cyber Essentials = A proven cyber security framework for protecting IT systems from cyber threats. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organisations with their related documents or tools:

General Medical Council (GMC) = Good Medical Practice Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) = The Code The Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) = The Standards The British Medical Association = A confidentiality aid Signup and view all the answers

Match these legal terms with their definitions:

Common Law = The part of English law that is derived from custom and judicial precedent rather than statutes. Statute = A written law passed by a legislative body. Negligence = Breach of duty of care. Breach of contract = A legal cause of action in which a binding agreement or bargained-for exchange is not honored by one or more of the parties to the contract. Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of consent with its description:

Explicit consent = When the patient actively agrees either orally or in writing to the information disclosure. Implied consent = This type of consent is assumed for direct patient care. Obtaining explicit consent = Satisfy yourself that Patient has not objected, Patient has access to information explaining how their information will be used and that they have a right to object. Anonymise information = If practicable, keep disclosure to the necessary minimum. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following GDPR-related terms with their definitions:

Data Processor = Any person (other than an employee of the data controller), who processes data on behalf of the data controller Processing = Obtaining, recording or holding information or data Data Protection Officer = Responsible for overseeing data protection strategy and implementation to ensure compliance with GDPR requirements Personal data = Data from which a living individual can be identified or identifiable (by anyone), whether directly or indirectly, by all means reasonably likely to be used Signup and view all the answers

Match the following individuals with their rights to make a subject access request (SAR):

Patients with capacity = Can make a SAR without needing to provide a reason Third Party authorised by the patient = Can make a SAR on behalf of the patient Parents with parental responsibility = Can make a SAR on behalf of their child, but not all parents automatically have this right Children aged over 16 = Can make a SAR independently Signup and view all the answers

Match the following categories of data with their requirements for legitimate processing under GDPR:

Personal data = Processors must have a schedule 2 (article 6) condition Special category data = Processors must have a schedule 3 (article 9) condition Health records = Can be accessed through a subject access request 3rd party information = Must be removed from health records before access is granted Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scenarios with their consequences under GDPR:

Data breach = The patient has a right to compensation if he suffers damage as a result of the breach Failure to comply with GDPR = The data processor can be fined Processing data contrary to the lawful instructions of the data controller = The data processor can be fined Unlawful access to medical records = A person describing themself as a next of kin has no right of access Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ethical and legal duties of confidentiality with their definitions:

Deontological reasoning = Emphasises the patient’s right to privacy and their right to control access to sensitive and personal information Consequentialist reasoning = Centers around the need to ensure patients trust healthcare professionals with their medical information and seek treatment, for the overall health of the population Common Law = A general law duty imposed on a doctor to respect the confidences of his/her/their patient Human Rights Act 1998 = Provides everyone the right to respect for his private and family life, his home and his correspondence Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cases with their outcomes:

A-G –v- Guardian Newspapers ltd (No 2) AC 109 = A duty of confidence arises when confidential information comes to the knowledge of a person in circumstances where he has notice that the information is confidential Hunter v Mann = A doctor is under a duty not to disclose, without the consent of his patient, information which he, the doctor has gained in his professional capacity, save in very exceptional circumstances W-v- Egdell Ch359 = The fear of a real risk to public safety entitled a doctor to take reasonable steps to communicate the grounds of his concern to the appropriate authorities Signup and view all the answers

Match the following principles from the Human Rights Act 1998, Article 8 with their descriptions:

8(1) = Everyone has the right to respect for his private and family life, his home and his correspondence 8(2) = There shall be no interference by a public authority with the exercise of this right except such as in accordance with the law and is necessary in a democratic society for various interests Signup and view all the answers

Match the following individuals with their statements or actions:

Raanan Gillon = Maintenance of confidentiality may in some circumstances benefit others, especially in the context of transmissible diseases Lord Goff = Suggested three limiting principles on duty of confidence Boreham J = Stated in Hunter v Mann about the duty of a doctor not to disclose patient's information without consent Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Breaches of Patient Confidentiality

Events where patient's private information is exposed or shared without permission.

Syllabus Numbers

Numbers assigned to healthcare regulations or standards guiding practice.