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Questions and Answers

Which two provinces are recognized as the primary sheep producers in Canada?

  • Quebec and Ontario (correct)
  • British Columbia and Alberta
  • Alberta and Manitoba
  • Ontario and Saskatchewan

What is a significant advantage of 'block ready' lamb for retailers?

  • Extended shelf-life without any packaging
  • Lower prices on bulk purchases
  • Availability of rare specialty items
  • Ordering products that are currently in demand (correct)

On average, how much forage does a mature sheep consume in a day?

  • 3 kg (correct)
  • 1 kg
  • 4 kg
  • 2 kg

What is the dominant dietary component for sheep?

<p>Forages including grasses and alfalfa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sheep breed is noted for its reproductive efficiency and strong milk production?

<p>Rideau Arcott (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lamb production approach can achieve three lambings over a period of two years?

<p>Intensive farming method (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following countries is NOT a leading exporter of sheep meat?

<p>Canada (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the halal market have a noteworthy impact on lamb consumption in Canada?

<p>It leads to increased per capita consumption. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What classification refers to sheep under one year of age?

<p>Lamb (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which grading system is used to assess lamb conformation in Europe?

<p>EUROP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What indicates excessive fat covering in lamb grading?

<ul> <li>(B)</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature of the spool joint confirms the carcass is lamb?

<p>Moist and slightly red surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of grading in lamb production?

<p>To categorize carcasses by quality, yield, and value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lamb category refers to the oldest age classification?

<p>Mutton (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the fell on lamb cuts?

<p>Retains moisture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'semi-boneless' in lamb cuts?

<p>Bone-in with partial removal of joints (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are catadromous fish known for?

<p>Migrating from freshwater to saltwater to spawn (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is unique to flat fish?

<p>Eyes located on one side of their body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of crustaceans?

<p>Hard-shelled species with jointed appendages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main aim of fisheries' sustainability practices?

<p>To ensure future fish populations remain viable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major drawback of using gill netting as a fishing method?

<p>It can entangle non-target species such as dolphins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fishing method is recognized as the most sustainable?

<p>Trolling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines aquaponics in fish farming?

<p>A combined approach of aquaculture and hydroponics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are mussels typically cultivated in Canada?

<p>Using floating systems known as flupsy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the practice of growing multiple aquatic species together for mutual benefits called?

<p>Polyculture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What issue arises from farmed Atlantic salmon that contributes to consumer criticism?

<p>They can spread sea lice to wild salmon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant concern regarding shrimp farms in Asia?

<p>Farming in polluted waters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of seafood inspections conducted in Canada?

<p>To monitor transportation, processing, and storage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does HACCP stand for in the context of food safety?

<p>Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which seafood product is graded by weight in Canada?

<p>Whitefish (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a 'Grade A' designation signify for Pacific Salmon?

<p>The salmon is free from entrails, damage, and sexual maturity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ingredient largely comprises salmon feed?

<p>Forage fish and fish oil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'fallowed' mean in sea lice management?

<p>Keeping sites empty to reduce parasite populations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes how seafood should be sourced responsibly?

<p>By ensuring it comes from approved and non-polluted waters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes flat fish from round fish?

<p>Flat fish have four fillets and live on the ocean floor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Atlantic shellfish is notably shipped live?

<p>Lobsters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the only edible part of a scallop?

<p>The adductor muscle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal sign of a fresh shrimp?

<p>Shell tightly fitted to the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the count 30/40 indicate for shrimp?

<p>The number of shrimp in a pound (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Atlantic oyster variety is harvested in Prince Edward Island?

<p>Malpeques (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason male dairy calves are preferred for veal production?

<p>They cannot produce milk and are not used for beef. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum age at which veal calves must be moved to group housing?

<p>8 weeks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for individual housing of veal calves?

<p>Calves must be tethered for easy management. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern of consumers regarding veal production?

<p>Farming practices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a post-mortem inspection of veal, which aspect is examined?

<p>Internal organs for abnormalities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a kitchen cut that can be derived from the front primal of veal?

<p>Osso Buco (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which primal cut of veal includes the sirloin as a sub-primal?

<p>Leg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended method for extending the shelf life of retail veal?

<p>Vacuum-sealing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors mainly affects veal meat quality and color?

<p>Calves' diet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is NOT measured during veal grading?

<p>Marbling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a dressed veal carcass refer to?

<p>A carcass with skin, head, and feet removed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern regarding the grading of veal?

<p>Consistency of meat color (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of veal maturity?

<p>Soft reddish bones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What product is commonly associated with the veal shoulder cuts?

<p>Ground meat for sausages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Flashcards

Lamb

A sheep under one year of age.

EUROP

The grading system used to assess lamb conformation in Europe.

Excessive fat covering

Indicates by a '+' symbol in lamb grading.

Moist and slightly red surface

A feature of the spool joint that confirms a carcass is lamb.

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Grading in lamb production

Categorizes carcasses by quality, yield, and value.

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Mutton

The oldest age classification for lambs.

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Gamey flavor

A common drawback of imported lamb.

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High moisture content and minimal connective tissue

The reason why lamb is typically not aged.

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Top Canadian Lamb Producers

Quebec and Ontario are the leading provinces for lamb production in Canada.

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Block Ready Lamb

'Block ready' lamb is pre-packaged for retailers, allowing them to only order products they need, reducing waste.

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Daily Sheep Diet

A mature sheep consumes approximately 3 kg of hay or grass daily.

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Sheep's Primary Diet

Sheep primarily feed on forages like grasses, alfalfa, and clover.

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Rideau Arcott Breed

The Rideau Arcott breed is known for its high fertility and good milk production.

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Intensive Lamb Production

Intensive production results in 3 lambings every 2 years, maximizing output.

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Halal Market Impact

The halal market has significantly increased per capita consumption of lamb in Canada.

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Sheep Protection in Extensive Farming

Guard animals and electric fences are common measures for protecting sheep in extensive farming.

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Polyculture

A farming system where multiple aquatic species are raised together for mutual benefits.

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Why Criticized?

Farmed Atlantic salmon are criticized for potentially spreading sea lice to wild salmon.

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Shrimp Farm Concern

A major concern with shrimp farms in Asia is the potential for farming in polluted waters.

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Seafood Inspections Focus

Seafood inspections in Canada primarily focus on monitoring transportation, processing, and storage.

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What is HACCP?

HACCP stands for Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points, a system for identifying and managing food safety risks.

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Graded by Weight

Whitefish are graded by weight in Canada.

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Grade A Salmon

A Grade A Pacific Salmon is free from entrails, damage, and sexual maturity.

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Salmon Feed Ingredient

The primary ingredient in salmon feed is forage fish and fish oil.

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Wild vs. Farmed Fish

Two ways of obtaining fish: 'wild' refers to fish caught in their natural habitat, while 'farmed' refers to fish raised in controlled environments.

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Catadromous Fish

Fish that live in freshwater but migrate to saltwater to spawn (lay eggs).

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Flat Fish Feature

Flat fish have both eyes on the same side of their head, usually the upper side.

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What is a crustacean?

A type of marine animal with a hard, jointed exoskeleton (outer shell) and appendages (limbs).

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Sustainable Fishing Practices

Methods of managing fish populations to ensure their long-term survival and continued harvests.

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Drawback of Gill Netting

Gill nets can entangle and harm non-target marine species like dolphins, sea turtles, or sharks.

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Most Sustainable Fishing Method

Trolling is considered the most sustainable fishing method because it targets specific fish with minimal bycatch.

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What is Aquaponics?

A system combining fish farming and hydroponic plant production, where fish waste fertilizes the plants and the plants filter the water.

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Fallowing

The practice of keeping fish farming sites empty to reduce sea lice populations.

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Sustainable Seafood Sourcing

Choosing seafood from approved and non-polluted waters, ensuring responsible harvesting and minimal environmental impact.

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Flat Fish

Fish that live on the seafloor and have four fillets, such as halibut and flounder.

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Round Fish

Fish that swim in the water column and have two fillets, such as cod and salmon.

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Geoduck

The largest Pacific clam, known for its long, fleshy siphon.

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Scallop's Edible Part

Only the adductor muscle of a scallop is edible, the part used to open and close the shell.

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Fresh Shrimp Sign

A fresh shrimp has a shell that is tightly fitted to its body.

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Shrimp Count (30/40)

This number refers to the amount of shrimp per pound, with '30/40' indicating 30-40 shrimp in one pound.

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Veal Production Calves

Male dairy calves are typically used for veal production because they cannot produce milk and are not used for beef.

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Veal Housing Transition

Veal calves in newly built or renovated housing must be transitioned to group housing by 8 weeks of age.

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Veal Anemia Prevention

Vet-approved anemia prevention protocols are required to prevent anemia in veal calves.

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Veal Weaning Age

Weaning of veal calves can begin at a minimum of 4 weeks of age.

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Grain-Fed Veal Weight

Grain-fed veal calves are typically raised to market weight of 295-318 kg (650-700 lbs).

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Veal Housing Before Weaning

Hutches are the most common housing method for young veal calves before weaning.

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Canadian Veal Production

Ontario and Quebec are the leading provinces for veal production in Canada.

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Holstein Calves in Veal

Holstein calves are commonly used for veal production because they grow quickly and are naturally lean.

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Milk-Fed vs. Grain-Fed Veal

Grain-fed veal is unique to Canada, while milk-fed veal is produced elsewhere.

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Factors Affecting Veal Color

The calves' diet is a primary factor affecting veal meat quality and color.

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Consumer Concern: Veal Farming

The main concern among consumers regarding veal production is the manner in which veal is farmed.

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Veal Inspection Outcome

If a veal calf is deemed unfit for human consumption during inspection, it is destroyed.

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Veal Grading Focus

Veal grading primarily focuses on the color of the lean meat.

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Veal Grade with Bright Pink Color

Canada A1 grade veal has the brightest pink color.

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Veal Shelf-Life Extension

Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is commonly used to extend the shelf-life of retail-ready veal.

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Study Notes

Day 1: Raising Lamb

  • Two most important ovine producers in Canada are Quebec and Ontario
  • Key benefit of "block ready" lamb for retailers is that it only orders products currently in demand
  • A mature sheep eats 3 kg of hay or grass daily
  • Primary diet component for sheep is forages like grasses, alfalfa, and clover
  • Rideau Arcott breed is known for high fertility and good milking characteristics
  • Intensive lamb production method results in 3 lambings every 2 years
  • Canada is not among the top exporters of sheep meat

Day 2: Consumer Concerns, Grading, and Inspection

  • Domestic lamb is expensive in Canada due to small supply and extensive farming methods
  • Mutton is sometimes mistaken for lamb due to its gamey flavour
  • Federal inspection level allows lamb to be sold internationally

Day 3: Lamb Cuts

  • Lamb is not typically aged due to high moisture content and minimal connective tissue
  • The purpose of the fell on lamb cuts is to retain moisture
  • The anterior portion of the lamb's whole loin is called the rib
  • The front quarter is separated by a cut between the 11th and 12th ribs
  • Crown roast is a lamb cut known for being tied and stuffed
  • Primal cut that includes the sirloin is the leg
  • "Semi-boneless" in lamb cuts means bone-in with partial removal of joints

Exam on Veal Production, Consumer Concerns, and Cuts

  • Veal production typically uses male dairy calves
  • Calves transitioned to group housing must be performed by 8 weeks of age
  • Veal producers provide vet-approved protocols to prevent anemia in calves
  • Veal calves can be weaned as early as 4 weeks of age
  • Grain-fed veal calves are usually raised to a market weight of 295-318 kg

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Related Documents

Past Exam Paper on Lamb Production - PDF

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